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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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| Collier, Rosemary; Daniel, Claudia; Hommes, Martin; Jukes, Andrew. |
| According to David Pimentel, 20 years ago, less than 0.1% of the pesticides applied reached their target pests (Pimentel, 1995). This was partly due to ‘poor’ application methods and partly because of the minuscule amount of pesticide either picked up or consumed by the pest. At the time, Pimentel was describing the application of pesticides mainly by sprays, including aerial spraying, and both pesticide chemistry and application technology have improved since then. However, a considerable proportion of pesticides are still applied as sprays, either to crop foliage or to the soil, and this continues to be a relatively untargeted method of application. |
| Tipo: Working paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32296/1/2015_FocusGroupBrassicaSelectivity.pdf |
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| Daniel, Claudia; Hommes, Martin; Koller, Martin. |
| Growers of organic Brassica vegetables and oilseed rape face the same potentially severe plant protection problems as their colleagues in conventional or integrated pest management systems.Management strategies in organic systems rely on preventive measures (crop rotation, crop isolation,soil management, host plant resistance, farm/field location; manipulate timing of planting or harvest; intercropping, mulching), use of functional agro-biodiversity (reduction of pest by enhancing natural enemies), release of biocontrol agents and a few approved pesticides of biological and mineral origin, as well as mating disruption or the use of anti-insect nets (Zehnder et al., 2007). The methods used in organic might also be applicable in IPM systems. However, several... |
| Tipo: Working paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32294/1/2015_FocusGroupBrassicaOrganic.pdf |
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| Herrmann, Farina; Buck, Holger; Liebig, Nadine; Hommes, Martin; Saucke, Helmut. |
| The carrot fly Psila rosae is a major pest in organic carrots. Damage strongly depends on local factors and is often found when cropping intensity is high. However, limited field site availability may require growing carrots close to crop sites of preceding years. Here, results of the first two years show carrots may be protected from infestation using trap crops (also carrots) to bind and actively reduce the local P. rosae population. To protect the main carrot field, pair wise arrangements of carrot strips were sown 1) directly at the previous year carrot field and 2) close to the main field to protect the present carrots. During the first generation a mean sum of 36 and 62 flies/ trap in 2007 and 2008 respectively were monitored with yellow... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14343/1/Herrmann_14343.pdf |
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| Daniel, Claudia; Collier, Rosemary; Thomas, Jane; Hommes, Martin. |
| Pests and pathogens of Brassica vegetables and oilseed rape are mainly managed at a field level. Management of pest insects at a farm level is only suitable for farmers owning compact areas of land, which is not the case in many central European areas. This situation favours direct, short-term control of mobile pests and pathogens over preventive, long-term strategies to lower the overall population level. Regional or area-wide control is difficult to establish because it requires considerable collaboration between neighbouring farmers. In addition, research institutions usually lack the appropriate size of farms to prove that these strategies can have a reliable efficacy which would warrant greater efforts by farmers to collaborate on a regional basis.... |
| Tipo: Working paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32293/1/2015_FocusGroupBrassica_Landscape.pdf |
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| Collier, Rosemary; Jukes, Andrew; Daniel, Claudia; Hommes, Martin. |
| Abstract: There has been a lot of emphasis over the years on the development and use of pesticides that are specific and/or physiologically selective. This is a property of the chemistry and mode of action of the pesticide and the physiological and biochemical attributes of organisms. However, there is also the potential to make pesticides more selective through their judicious use, based on critical selection, timing, dosage, placement and formulation of pesticides (which are often broad spectrum). This paper discusses approaches to increase the ecological selectivity of pesticides and pesticide application methods, in the context of Integrated Pest Management in Brassica crops. Topics covered include minimisation of the dose applied, controlled release... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32313/1/2016_IOBCCollier.pdf |
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| Siekmann, Gitta; Hommes, Martin. |
| One way to prevent the colonisation of crops by insect pests is to disrupt their host finding behaviour. As immigrating aphids alight on potential host plants using optical stimuli, this process can be manipulated by altering the contrast between plant and background. This study aims to test the aphid repelling properties of straw mulch in vegetables. We applied straw to broccoli, head lettuce, bush bean, vegetable broad bean and carrot. The trials were conducted in 2002 and 2003 at several locations in the area of Brunswick, North Germany. Numbers of aphids were insignificant in carrots but noticeably reduced in mulched broccoli, bush bean and broad bean (Brevicoryne brassicae and Aphis fabae respectively). However, this result was significant only in... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Vegetables. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/3289/1/3289.pdf |
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| Herrmann, Farina; Buck, Holger; Hommes, Martin; Saucke, Helmut. |
| Die Möhrenfliege (Psila rosae) gehört zu den wichtigsten tierischen Schaderregern im Ökologischen Möhrenanbau. In dreijährigen Erhebungen auf Praxisbetrieben wurden verschiedene beteiligte Risikofakoren für den Befall mit geo-referenzierten Daten erfasst und im Hinblick auf Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten zur Schadensprävention analysiert. Erste Ergebnisse zu räumlichen Beziehungen von Schlaggrößen und der jew. Entfernung zu Vorjahresflächen auf das Befallsergebnis ergaben, dass die Einhaltung von Distanzen um 1 km einen nutzbaren, anbauplanerischen Regulierungsbaustein darstellen kann. Dieser empirische Befund sollte aber nicht als starre Ausbreitungsstrecke aufgefasst werden, weil zusätzlich gezeigt werden konnte, dass dem Vorjahr nächstgelegene Möhrenfelder... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/17731/3/Herrmann_17731.pdf |
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| Meyer, Ulrike; Blum, Hanna; Gärber, Ute; Hommes, Martin; Pude, Ralf; Gabler, Jutta. |
| Im Kapitel „Krankheiten und Schädlinge wichtiger Kulturen“ werden häufig auftretende Krankheiten und Schädlinge der 25 wichtigsten Arznei- und Gewürzpflanzen beschrieben. Die Pflanzen sind alphabetisch nach ihrem deutschen Namen sortiert. Jede Kultur ist nach Art des Erregers unterteilt in die Kapitel Viren, Bakterien, Pilze, Tierische Schaderreger und Abiotische Schadursachen. Bei den dort aufgelisteten Krankheiten und Schädlingen finden sich detaillierte Schadbildbeschreibungen mit anschaulichem Bildmaterial, anhand derer eine erste Diagnose möglich ist. Kurze Angaben zur Biologie, Bedeutung und Verbreitung sollen bei der weiteren Identifizierung helfen. Abschließend gibt es für jede Krankheit und für jeden Schädling Hinweise auf mögliche vorbeugende... |
| Tipo: Book |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Ornamentals; Flower bulbs and tree nurseries. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/18800/1/blum%2Detal%2D2010%2DdigitaleBuchversion_Leitfaden%2D06OE118.pdf |
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| Siekmann, Gitta; Hommes, Martin. |
| Protecting crops with insect fences is currently being considered as an alternative to row cover netting and synthetic insecticides. Previous studies reported efficacies of such fences with 50-90 % reduction in crop damage by root flies. We conducted trials with a 1.70 m fence over two years to monitor carrot rust fly (Psila rosae) in carrots and cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) in radish. There was a significant reduction in cabbage root fly damage in fenced plots whereas no such effect could be found with carrot rust fly. The structure of the overhang at the top of the fence and the mobility of this particular species may be important elements to consider in fence design. The length of the overhang also seemed to be important for cabbage root fly (Delia... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/9072/1/Fence_IOBC_Organic_eprints.pdf |
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| Daniel, Claudia; Hommes, Martin; Koller, Martin. |
| Abstract: Growers of organic Brassica vegetables and oilseed rape face the same potentially severe plant protection problems as their colleagues in conventional or integrated pest management systems. Management strategies in organic systems rely on preventive measures, use of functional agro-biodiversity, release of biocontrol agents and a few approved pesticides of biological and mineral origin, as well as mating disruption or the use of fine-mesh netting to exclude pests. The methods used in organic production might also be applicable in IPM systems. This paper considers the methods used in organic Brassica vegetable and oilseed rape production, and discusses their potential and limitations in the context of their application in integrated pest and... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32316/1/2016_IOBCBrassicaVegetables.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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