SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Grain legumes benefit the farming system via symbiotic N2 fixation and subsequent residue incorporation contributing to soil fertility together with their effect as break-crop in cereal rich rotations. However, grain legumes are weak competitors towards weeds and consequently weeds constitute a major problem. Since the European policies for reducing the negative effects of agricultural plant production on the environment point to reductions in pesticide use (Mortensen et al., 2000), there is a requirement to further develop strategies to reduce weeds. Intercropping involves the simultaneous growing of several plant species in the same field and the cropping strategy is known to involve interspecific interferences increasing the use of plant growth...

Strip intercropping strategy for biomass to energy production while on the same time maintaining soil fertility

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/21707/1/21707.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen; Carter, Mette S.; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.

In contrast to energy technologies like solar and wind, energy in the form of biomass can be stored and bioenergy produced when needed using a wide range of technologies. However, a substantial rise in the use of biomass for energy is expected, which means additional pressure on farmland sustainability. Organic agriculture (OA) is facing a big challenge producing bioenergy from local resources and on the same time maintaining soil fertility. There is a clear goal to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and thereby decrease greenhouse gas emissions, but the question is how to reach it? In a four year ICROFS (www.icrofs.org) project titled “BioConcens” (www.bioconcens.elr.dk/uk/) one objective is to design and test a strip intercropping concept. Strip...

Comparison of interspecific competition and N use in pea–barley, faba bean–barley and lupin–barley intercrops grown at two temperate locations

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/18950/3/18950_paper.pdf

Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Joernsgaard, Bjarne; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Mixed intercropping of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with field pea (Pisum sativum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor L.) or narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was compared to sole cropping in two field experiments at different locations, on a sandy loam soil and a sandy soil, in Denmark in 2001. Grain legumes were dominant in intercrops on the sandy loam soil, except for lupin, whereas barley was dominant in intercrops on the sandy soil site. Combined intercrop grain yields were comparable to grain yields of the respective sole cropped grain legume or sole cropped, fertilized barley on each soil site. On the sandy loam soil, pea-barley and faba bean-barley intercrops increased the proportion of plant N derived from N2 fixation in...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/4049/1/4049.pdf

Effects of strip intercropping concept with perennial diversified grass-clover strip and annual winter rye-winter vetch intercrop as energy crops

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Johansen , Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Ambus, Per; Jensen, Erik Steen.

The combination of perennials and annuals in a strip cropping system is challenging primarily because the interspecific competitive ability of the perennials towards the annuals seems to be too dominating. Especially at the first harvest (tillering) closest to the adjacent grass-clover strip severe total dry matter production reductions was found ranging from 25%, 5% and 20% in the vetch SC, rye SC and vetch-rye IC, respectively. Rye in particular was suffering from the grass-clover interspecific competition with a SC yield of 700 g DM m-2 (0-25 cm) at maturity as compared to 1025 g DM m-2 when grown > 150 cm away. When grown >150 cm away from the grass-clover strip rye accumulate 8 g soil mineral N m-2,which is in the range of the expected according...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Composting and manuring Recycling; Balancing and resource management Crop husbandry Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18946/4/18946.pdf

Valg af frøbælgplantesorter for dyrkning i økologisk jordbrug

Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik.

Workshoppen har til formål at debattere og vurdere af hvilken indsats inden for planteforædling og såsædsproduktion, der er nødvendig for på kortere og længere sigt at sikre og fremme økologisk planteproduktion. I dette oplæg sættes fokus på bælgplanter, karakteristika og egnethed for økologisk production herunder dyrkning i blandinger med korn.

Effects from intercropping of pea and barley on the content of protein and bioactive molecules in the seeds

Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://orgprints.org/1371/1/vidensyntese_sortsvalg_DK.pdf

Jensen, Erik Steen; Mørkeberg, Anette; Sørensen, Hilmer; Sørensen, Susanne.

Seeds from pea and barley grown as monocrop and in intercropping systems have been investigated. The prelimenary results obtained have revealed effects from intercropping on chemical composition, protein content and relative amounts of individual proteins. Some bioactive seed components (xenobiotics) call for additional investigations.

Eco-functional intensification by cereal-grain legume intercropping in organic farming systems for increased yields, reduced weeds and improved grain protein concentration

Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://orgprints.org/1448/1/Effects_from_intercropping_of_pea.pdf

Bedoussac, Laurent; Journet, Etienne-Pascal; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Naudin, Christophe; Corre-Hellou, Guénaëlle; Prieur, Loïc; Jensen, Erik Steen; Justes, Eric.

Organic farming is based on to rely on a higher cropping systems diversity than its conventional counterpart and is regarded as one prototype to enhance the sustainability of agriculture and cereal-rich cropping systems. Nevertheless, organic arable crop rotations in temperate regions consist mainly of sole crops (SC; pure stands), with diverse pastures in farming systems with livestock being an exception (Hauggaard-Nielsen et al. 2001b). In organic farming, nitrogen (N) availability can be limiting especially in the absence of livestock (David et al. 2005ab) and causes cereal yield depressions and lower protein contents. For these reasons, integrating legumes with symbiotic fixation of atmospheric N2 is essential for balancing nitrogen exports from the...

Tipo: Book chapter

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Pasture and forage crops Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://orgprints.org/20917/7/20917.pdf

Synspunkt - Økologisk jordbrug, fødevarer og miljøet

Effects of digestate from anaerobic fermented cattle slurry and plant materials on soil microbiota and fertility

Søndagsavisen har i de seneste uger bragt artikler om økologisk fødevareproduktion med overskrifter som ”Økologi er dødsmærket” og ”Forsker tvivler på økologien”. Debat er godt, men de to af forskerne som bidrager til artiklerne har desværre fået galt fat i nogle ting vedr. økologisk fødevareproduktion. Økologisk jordbrug er baseret på principper som recirkulering, forebyggelse, forsigtighed og om at tage størst muligt hensyn til naturen. Principperne er konkretiseret i et regelsæt for hvorledes økologisk produktion adskiller sig fra konventionel. Visionen er at producere sunde kvalitetsfødevarer under hensyn til miljøet, husdyrenes velfærd, naturen og de mennesker som er en del af produktion, forarbejdning og afsætning. MEN – Er det sundere at...

Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article

Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://orgprints.org/1503/1/sonndagsavisen330.rtf

Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.

Soil from the Højbakkegård experimental (BioConcens) field was amended with nothing (control), each of two anaerobic digested (AD) materials (mixture of AD cattle manure and maize, mixture of AD cattle manure and cut off grass-clover material), raw cattle manure, and grass-clover in five individual treat-ments. The materials were incorporated homogeneously into the soil and sampled destructively at 0, 1, 3 and 9 days after incorporation. Besides, experiments were performed to follow the turnover of these materials, measured as accumulated respiration over a longer period. Measures included available organic soil carbon (cold- and hot-water extractable), soil mineral nitrogen concentration, soil pH, accumulated respiration over a two-week period, emission...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://orgprints.org/18894/7/18894.pdf

The potential environmental benefits and risks derived from legumes in rotations

Peoples, Mark B.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Humans have approximately doubled the rate at which nitrogen (N) is entering the earth’s ecosystems compared to pre-industrial times (Vitousek et al. 1997, Smil 1999). The two most important sources of anthropogenic N are synthetic fertilizers and symbiotic N2 fixation by cultivated legumes (Vitousek et al. 1997). The ability of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis to improve the availability of N for other crops has been utilized for thousands of years in traditional farming systems and modern crop rotations. Before the advent of N fertilizers 25-50% of a farm was typically maintained in a legume-rich pasture or cover crop, and it has been estimated that in some farming systems in the 1950’s as much as 50% of all available N may have originated directly from...

Tipo: Book chapter

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Recycling; Balancing and resource management Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/18989/4/18989.pdf

Intercropping strategies for Europe

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jensen, Erik Steen.

In addition to the production of grains rich in protein, grain legumes provide several ‘ecological services’ well suited to the development of sustainable agro-ecosystems. Among these services, N entry to the system via biological N2 fixation and soil fertility building have received most of the attention. However in a system perspective attention should also be paid to others services such as break-crop effect, erosion protection, increasing biodiversity. It is discussed how intercropping can be seen as a cropping strategy worth considering to fullfill the demands mentioned above.

Why diversify annual biomass production for energy – exemplified by green house gas emissions from the Danish IBUS bioethanol production concept

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/3129/1/Intercropping_Dijon_2004_v7.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard; Jensen, Erik Steen.

There is a need for integrating the biomass starting point into the energy manufacturing steps. It will secure that bioenergy is produced with limited use of non-renewable fossil fuel to secure that in the application of biomass a net emission reduction of green house gasses take place along the whole chain. Intercropping, defined as the cultivation of two or more species simultaneously on the same area of land, is an traditional practice still widespread in the tropics and common in developed countries before the ‘fossilization’ of agriculture. This cropping strategy is based on the manipulation of plant interactions in time and space to optimize resource use and productivity. It is regarded as the practical application of basic ecological principles...

Empirical model for quantification of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in grass-clover mixtures

Palavras-chave: Production systems; Greenhouses and coverings; Air and water emissions.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://orgprints.org/16235/1/16235_ppt.pdf

Høgh-Jensen, Henning; Loges, Ralf; Jensen, Erik Steen; Jørgensen, Finn V.; Vinther, Finn P..

Symbiotically fixed nitrogen (N2) is an important input of nitrogen (N) source in many agricultural systems. In spite of this fact, the input of symbiotically fixed N to a particular cropping system is usually not known and exact measurements are costly and laborious. Consequently, there is a demand for an uncomplicated and reliable tool to estimate symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) in leguminous crops. A simple emperical model is proposed for quantification of SNF in forage legumes under low external input conditions. The model estimates SNF using dry matter yield as input and parameters for (i)N concentration in dry matter and the (ii) proportion of the N in the legume that is derived from the atmosphere. Further, the model includes fixed N not included in the...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/3085/1/emperical_model.pdf

Økologisk Jordbrug – Er det vejen til en bæredygtig fødevareproduktion?

Samfundet har interesse i økologisk jordbrugs potentiale i forbindelse med bevarelse af miljø- og naturværdier. Økologisk jordbrug søger at minimere ressourceforbruget og miljøbelastningen ved brug af god næringsstofhusholdning og forbedring af jordens frugtbarhed. I oplæget diskuteres mulighederne for, at økologiske jordbrug bidrager til fødevarerforsyning/-sikkerhed med fortsat fokus på bæredygtighed og økologiske værdier og principper.

Intercropping and sustainability

Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://orgprints.org/1853/1/IDA2002.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Kinane, Julie; Trydeman Knudsen, Marie; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Grain legume-cereal intercropping is a method to obtain greater and more stable crop yields, improve the plant resource utilisation (water, light, nutrients), increase the input of leguminous symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) to the cropping system and reduce negative impacts on the environment. However, due to agricultural intensification of plant breeding, mechanisation, and fertiliser and pesticide use over the last 50 years, intercropping has disappeared from many European farming systems. Motivations for reintroducing grain-legume-cereal intercropping relate to the problems faced by intensive farming systems. During the 1980s it became evident that West European agricultural production systems (often characterised by monocultures, nutrient...

Faba bean in cropping systems

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://orgprints.org/3132/1/ERA_260204_v6.pdf

Jensen, Erik Steen; Peoples, Mark B.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik.

The grain legume/pulse faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is grown world-wide as protein source for food and feed and simultaneously faba bean offers ecosystem services such as N2 fixation and diversification of cropping systems. Even though the global average grain yield has almost doubled during the recent 50 years the area of faba beans has declined with 56% in the same period. This is especially the case for some of the former big producer countries such as China and Egypt. The yield season-to-season of faba bean and development of an industrialized agriculture based on fossil fuels (= N fertilizers, heavy mechanization) are some of the explanations for this development. Studies of faba bean in cropping systems have focussed on the effect of faba bean as a...

Tipo: Journal paper

Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Farm nutrient management.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://orgprints.org/20916/7/20916.pdf

Økologisk dyrkning af linser i Danmark?

The contributions of grain legumes to an environmental-friendly and sustainable European Agriculture

Modne frø af frøbælgplanterne ærter, bønner og linser er gode alternative proteinkilder til kød. ”Gule ærter” hører til traditionel dansk ”husmandskost”, men trods deres høje næringsværdi udgør ærter, bønner og linser kun en beskeden del af danskerne diæt. I Middelhavslandene er linser, bønner og kikærter vigtige og værdsatte levnedsmidler. Der findes et utal af sorter og hver region har sine foretrukne typer. I Frankrig har de bedste bønner og linser deres egen ”Appellation Origine Controlle” som det er tilfældet for de bedste vine. Udvikling af et bæredygtigt jordbrug og samfund kræver radikale ændringer af vort forbrugsmønster og spisevaner. En ændring af vor livsstil i retning af et mindre kødforbrug og dermed potentielt en mindre animalsk produktion...

Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article

Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://orgprints.org/1454/1/Linser.rtf

Grain legumes are valuable protein and energy sources in animal feeds and in human diets low in meat. However, there is a considerable gap between demand and production of feed protein in the European Union and it is expected to encourage the production and use of European produced grain legume crops in the future. Thus, there is a need to gain knowledge about choice of grain legume species and cropping strategies to secure a sufficient protein supply under different environmental conditions. Symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) in grain legumes is an important aspect of sustainable and organic food production and long-term crop productivity (van Kessel and Hartley, 2000). Furthermore grain legumes benefit farming systems by their break-crop effect regarding...

Legume-cereal intercropping as a weed management tool

Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://orgprints.org/1852/1/esj_strasbourg.pdf

Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Jørnsgaard, Bjarne; Jensen, Erik Steen.

Legumes benefit the farming system via symbiotic N2 fixation and by their effect as break-crop for cereal diseases in rotations. However, most legumes are known to have a weak competitive ability towards weeds. It is discussed how a higher degree of interspecific competition combined with a certain complementarity be-tween intercropped species improves the crop stands competitive ability towards weeds. The weed-suppression approach from Liebman and Dyck (1993) are the most likely to ex-plain the present pea-barley IC findings.

The comparison of nitrogen use and leaching in sole cropped versus intercropped pea and barley

Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://orgprints.org/1350/1/Viterbo3.pdf