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| Fuglie, Keith O.; Heisey, Paul W.; King, John L.; Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A.; Schimmelpfennig, David E.; Wang, Sun Ling. |
| Meeting growing global demand for food, fiber, and biofuel requires robust investment in agricultural research and development (R&D) from both public and private sectors. This study examines global R&D spending by private industry in seven agricultural input sectors, food manufacturing, and biofuel and describes the changing structure of these industries. In 2007 (the latest year for which comprehensive estimates are available), the private sector spent $19.7 billion on food and agricultural research (56 percent in food manufacturing and 44 percent in agricultural input sectors) and accounted for about half of total public and private spending on food and agricultural R&D in high-income countries. In R&D related to biofuel, annual... |
| Tipo: Technical Report |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Agricultural chemicals; Agricultural inputs; Animal breeding; Animal health; Animal nutrition; Aquaculture; Biofuel; Concentration ratio; Crop breeding; Crop protection; Farm machinery; Fertilizers; Herfindahl index; Globalization; Market share; Market structure; Research intensity; Seed improvement; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120324 |
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| King, John L.. |
| This paper presents data on international technology diffusion of agricultural biotechnology. Patent family data, which identify related intellectual property in different countries with the same owner, represents technology flows between countries. Technology flows occur mostly between developed countries, and are similar for different types of entities (private, non-profit and university, government) that seek patent protection abroad. Technology diffusion through patent families is a significant predictor of international trade flows, which is consistent with several different models of trade. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49820 |
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| Heisey, Paul W.; King, John L.; Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A.. |
| Well-established quantitative approaches find that in the aggregate, public investments in agricultural research yield high returns and spur growth in agricultural productivity. Standard economic approaches may be difficult to apply to evaluations of some research benefits and may not help in gauging important steps necessary to positive research outcomes. In these more difficult cases, economic reasoning can provide qualitative analysis even when quantitative estimates of benefits are intractable. |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121098 |
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| King, John L.. |
| Consolidation in the agricultural biotechnology industry can both enhance and dampen market competition. This report examines the causes and consequences of industry consolidation and its effect on market efficiency. In some cases, concentration realizes economies of scale, which can improve market efficiency by driving down production costs. The protection of intellectual property rights is integral to the agricultural biotechnology marketplace, stimulating research and development, investment, and the development of substitute markets. However, excessively broad intellectual property rights can hinder the market for innovation. Recent data on mergers, acquisitions, and strategic collaborations in the agricultural biotechnology industry, as well as the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Industry concentration; Consolidation; Biotechnology; Market efficiency; Market power; Intellectual property rights; Agricultural input industries; Mergers; Acquisitions; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33631 |
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| Heisey, Paul W.; King, John L.; Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A.; Bucks, Dale A.; Welsh, Rick. |
| Evaluation of publicly funded research can help provide accountability and prioritize programs. In addition, Federal intramural research planning generally involves an institutional assessment of the appropriate Federal role, if any, and whether the research should be left to others, such as universities or the private sector. Many methods of evaluation are available, peer review—used primarily for establishing scientific merit—being the most common. Economic analysis focuses on quantifying ultimate research outcomes, whether measured in goods with market prices or in nonmarket goods such as environmental quality or human health. However, standard economic techniques may not be amenable for evaluating some important public research priorities or for... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Research Service; Federal intramural research; Publicly funded research; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94852 |
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