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	Provedor de dados Organic Eprints (34) Autor Kristensen, Erik Steen (34) Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted (21) Hansen, Birgitte (5) Halberg, Niels (4) Vaarst, Mette (3) Knudsen, Marie Trydeman (2) Kristensen, Ib Sillebak (2) Refsgaard, Karen (2) Alrøe, Hugo (1) Andreasen, Claus Bo (1) Berntsen, Jørgen (1) Brandt, Dr. Kirsten (1) Dalgaard, Tommy (1) Jørgensen, Uffe (1) Knudsen, Marie Trydemann (1) Petersen, Bjørn Molt (1) Thamsborg, Stig Milan (1) Watson, Christine (1) Wier, Mette (1) Mais... Palavra-chave Standards and certification (8) Food systems (6) "Organics" in general (4) Air and water emissions (4) Farming Systems (4) Research methodology and philosophy (4) Food security (3) Nutrient turnover (3) Research methodology and philosophy Values (3) Values (3) Balancing and resource management (2) Health and welfare (2) Standards and certification Health and welfare (2) Technology assessment Values (2) Biodiversity and ecosystem services (1) Crop husbandry (1) Denmark (1) Environmental aspects (1) Environmental aspects Farming Systems Recycling (1) Farm nutrient management (1) Mais... Tipo do documento Conference paper, poster, etc. (13) Journal paper (10) Book chapter (6) Other (2) Report chapter (2) Working paper (1) Mais... Ano 2007 (1) 2006 (6) 2005 (1) 2004 (4) 2003 (2) 2002 (7) 2001 (6) 2000 (4) 1998 (1) 1995 (1) 1994 (1) Mais... País Germany (34) Idioma Inglês (17) dan (5)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 34 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última Impact of Organic farming on aquatic environment Organic Eprints Kristensen, Erik Steen; Knudsen, Marie Trydemann. The effects of conversion to organic farming on N leaching are discussed in the presentation. Problems in European aquatic environment are presented along with the development of organic farming in Denmark and the rest of Europe. Recent Danish studies on the N leaching effects by conversion of mixed dairy and arable farms are presented. The studies estimate that N leaching is lower from organic compared to conventional mixed dairy farms, whereas N leaching at organic arable farms are comparable to conventional arable farms. Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions. Ano: 2004 URL: http://orgprints.org/3996/1/ESK_Env_Tjekkiet_juli_04.pdf Why have basic principles for organic agriculture? … and what kind of principles should they be? Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Recently, discussions of basic principles for organic agriculture (and similar ideas) have emerged in several different settings (Benbrook & Kirschenmann 1997, DARCOF 2001, Lund & Röcklinsberg 2001, Verhoog & al. 2003, this issue of Ecology & Farming). In this article we discuss the purposes and functions of such principles and what the principles should look like in order to meet these purposes. We state that there is a need for identifying a few basic principles for organic agriculture, and that the principles must be normative, or ethical, principles on how to act in an organic way, if organic farming is to continue as a distinct alternative to mainstream agriculture. We argue that basic normative principles can help resist unwanted... Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Values; Standards and certification "Organics" in general. Ano: 2004 URL: http://orgprints.org/2538/1/Alroe_and_Kristensen_2004_Basic_principles_for_organic_agriculture.pdf Does organic farming face distinctive livestock welfare issues? - A conceptual analysis Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Vaarst, Mette; Kristensen, Erik Steen. The recent development and growth of organic livestock farming and the related development of national and international regulations has fuelled discussions among scientists and philosophers concerning the proper conceptualisation of animal welfare. These discussions on livestock welfare in organic farming draw on the conventional discussions and disputes on animal welfare, which involve issues such as different definitions of welfare (clinical health, absence of suffering, sum of positive and negative experiences, etc.), the possibility for objective measures of animal welfare and the acceptable level of welfare. It seems clear that livestock welfare is a value-laden concept and that animal welfare science cannot be made independent of questions of values... Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Values; Standards and certification Health and welfare. Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/430/1/Organic_welfare__preprint__5mar01.pdf Research, values, and ethics in organic agriculture - examples from sustainability, precaution, nature quality, and animal welfare Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Agricultural systems are characterised by involving both natural and social systems. Organic farming, in particular, has developed as part of a wider organic movement incorporating producers, manufacturers and consumers. The organic movement is based on explicit rules as well as broader formulated principles and goals for farming and manufacturing, which are connected to underlying values and perceptions of the relationship between human and nature. This paper is concerned with the challenges to research entailed by the ethical issues in organic farming and the interplay of values and facts in agricultural research. Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy Values; Standards and certification Health and welfare. Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/9151/1/2000%2DAlroe_and_Kristensen_%2D_Research%2C_values_and_ethics_in_organic_agriculture._Extended_abstract_for_Eursafe_2000_15jun00_(med_figurer%2C_enkelt_linie_til_print).pdf Researching alternative, sustainable agricultural systems: A modelling approach by examples from Denmark Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. In recent decades agriculture has undergone rapid technological and structural changes. This development has raised concerns about the sustainability of modern agriculture and motivated an interest in alternative and, perhaps, more sustainable agricultural systems. Agriculture involves both ecological and social systems, and research in agricultural systems therefore faces the dual challenge of understanding complex agro-ecosystem interactions and handling the involvement of human actors, their practices and preferences. A major survey to assess the consequences of phasing out pesticide use in Denmark is presented as an example of a study confronting this dual challenge. The survey included the modelling of a total organic conversion of Danish agriculture,... Tipo: Book chapter Palavras-chave: Food systems; Research methodology and philosophy. Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/209/1/Researching_alternative_sustainable_agricultural_systems__fra_phd__17mar00.pdf Researching alternative, sustainable agricultural systems: A modelling approach by examples from Denmark Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. In recent decades agriculture has undergone rapid technological and structural changes. This development has raised concerns about the sustainability of modern agriculture and motivated an interest in alternative and, perhaps, more sustainable agricultural systems. Agriculture involves both ecological and social systems, and research in agricultural systems therefore faces the dual challenge of understanding complex agro-ecosystem interactions and handling the involvement of human actors, their practices and preferences. A major survey to assess the consequences of phasing out pesticide use in Denmark is presented as an example of a study confronting this dual challenge. The survey included the modelling of a total organic conversion of Danish agriculture,... Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy; Food systems. Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/10686/1/Presentation%2Dtext.pdf Energy use in crop production on danish mixed farms: Systems modelling of data from farm studies Organic Eprints Halberg, Niels; Kristensen, Erik Steen; Refsgaard, Karen. The problems of balancing agricultural production methods against environmental concern cannot be solved by focusing on single activities of livestock farming and experimental knowledge alone because of interactions between herds and crops and between the production system and the manager. An alternative method based on studies in private farms is proposed to evaluate the effects of the production intensity on pollution and resource efficiency. Energy use and crop yield in gram and grass-clover crops registered on conventional and organic mixed dairy farms were analyzed in order to facilitate modelization of energy efficiency in different production systems on different danish soil types. The energy efficiency was higher in organic crops on all soil types... Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry. Ano: 1994 URL: http://orgprints.org/13115/1/13115.pdf Muligheder for forbedringer Organic Eprints Vaarst, Mette; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Den økologiske driftsform udspringer af en tankegang. Til denne tankegang knytter sig et sæt af overordnede intentioner og motiver. De overordnede tanker og mål med økologisk drift er beskrevet i kapitel 1 i nærværende rapport. Et af disse mål er "at sikre alle husdyr gode forhold, der er i overensstemmelse med deres naturlige adfærd og behov", og derved sikre en god dyrevelfærd. Dette mål har ikke en særlig fremtrædende plads i de overordnede målsætninger, og begrebet dyrevelfærd er tilsyneladende ikke tænkt tilstrækkeligt igennem specifikt i forhold til den økologiske driftsform. I kapitel 9 er det beskrevet, hvorvidt husdyrvelfærd i økologisk jordbrug er noget særligt. I nærværende kapitel gives først en opsummering af, dels interviewene i kapitel 2 og... Tipo: Report chapter Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Health and welfare. Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/13755/1/13755.pdf Food safety in an organic perspective Organic Eprints Kristensen, Erik Steen; Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Hansen, Birgitte. The holistic perspective of organic farming implies a broader conception of food safety that includes both product safety and agri-food system safety. The credibility of organic food can only be maintained if the organic agri-food system is developed in correspondence with the basic organic principles. In this way it will be possible to show the whole organic agri-food system as a safer alternative to conventional farming. Thereby trust will be supported in organic foods despite the sparse (and often unattainable) hard scientific evidence that organic food is healthier. Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Values; Standards and certification. Ano: 2002 URL: http://orgprints.org/19/1/Summary_Organic_food_safety_24apr02.doc Values in organic farming and their implications Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Research in organic farming should involve reflections on the values and aims of organic farming, and on how these values and aims correspond to the choices and delimitations that are a necessary part of making 'objective' research. Value discussions and value inquiry is an essential element in systemic research; this is not least true in relation to organic farming where the future development depends heavily on values that are, to some degree, unspecified and open to discussion. Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy Values; Standards and certification. Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/18/1/Alroe_abstract.doc Towards a systemic research methodology in agriculture: Rethinking the role of values in science Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. The recent drastic development of agriculture, together with the growing societal interest in agricultural practices and their consequences, pose a challenge to agricultural science. There is a need for rethinking the general methodology of agricultural research. This paper takes some steps towards developing a systemic research methodology that can meet this challenge – a general self-reflexive methodology that forms a basis for doing holistic or (with a better term) wholeness-oriented research and provides appropriate criteria of scientific quality. From a philosophy of research perspective, science is seen as an interactive learning process with both a cognitive and a social communicative aspect. This means, first of all, that science plays a role in... Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy Values; Standards and certification. Ano: 2002 URL: http://orgprints.org/5/1/Towards_a_systemic_research_methodology_preprint_11sep01.pdf Grundvandsbeskyttelse ved økologisk jordbrug Organic Eprints Hansen, Birgitte; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Økologisk jordbrug udgør et samlet koncept, som både kombinerer stor dannelse af grundvand, pesticicforbud, mange positive miljøeffekter og merindtjening i landbrugserhvervet som følge af en merpris på produkterne. Økologisk jordbrug er derfor i mange tilfælde at foretrække frem for f.eks. skovrejsning eller pesticidfri dyrkning. Der er imidlertid problemer med at kunne forudsige kvælstofudvaskningen fra økologisk jordbrug især på grund af vanskeligheder med at kunne simulere udvaskningen fra forskellige typer græsmarker, som anvendes i stor udstrækning i økologisk jordbrug. Hvis der i grundvandsfølsomme områder stilles krav om pesticidfri dyrkning og at nitratkoncentrationen skal være under f.eks. 50 mg/l vurderes det, at disse krav vil kunne opfyldes... Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions. Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/511/1/Grundvandsbeskyttelse_BGH.pdf Er husdyrvelfærd i økologisk jordbrug noget særligt? Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Vaarst, Mette; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Der foregår løbende både praktisk udvikling og teoretisk refleksion i relation til husdyrvelfærd. Endvidere evalueres og ændres reglerne omkring husdyrvelfærd løbende, både i Danmark og i EU. Formålet med nærværende kapitel er at diskutere begrebet husdyrvelfærd i forbindelse med principperne i det økologisk jordbrug. Det sker med udgangspunkt i spørgsmålet: er der, ud over de gældende regler, særlige værdimæssige, etiske, videnskabelige eller reguleringsmæssige forhold, der influerer på hvordan dyrevelfærd opfattes i økologisk jordbrug, set i forhold til det øvrige jordbrug? Eller med andre ord: kan de nuværende forskelle i regler, og i opfattelsen af dyrevelfærd, begrundes i mere grundliggende forhold i økologisk jordbrug? Og i så fald: i hvilken retning... Tipo: Report chapter Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Health and welfare. Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/13756/1/13756.pdf Identifying the basic normative principles for organic farming Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen; Hansen, Birgitte. What are the basic principles of 'how to act in an organic way'? In Denmark there has been a comprehensive discussion of this ethical question in connection with a major new organic research effort. Three related principles have crystallised in the discussion: the cyclical principle, the precautionary principle and the nearness principle. These principles have been used in an analysis of the acceptance of different technologies in organic farming and as a basis for making suggestions on future developments. Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Technology assessment Values; Standards and certification. Ano: 2002 URL: http://orgprints.org/60/1/Alroe_IFOAM_2002.pdf Science as an actor. On the role of values and science in organic farming Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. If research is to play a role as a tool for development of organic farming, it needs to be forward-looking and proactive. Research therefore has to take up the challenge of analysing, clarifying and communicating the values that enter into the initiation of research projects in relation to the course of the organic movement. In general, values play an important role in science. This means that conventional objectivity is not an appropriate criterion of scientific quality. What is required, is a reflexive objectivity that involves the identification and communication of the cognitive context of research, including not only the observational context but also the societal and intentional context. Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research Values; Standards and certification. Ano: 2002 URL: http://orgprints.org/16/1/alroe_uk_organic_2002.pdf Estimated N leaching losses for organic and conventional farming in Denmark Organic Eprints Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Kristensen, Ib Sillebak; Berntsen, Jørgen; Petersen, Bjørn Molt; Kristensen, Erik Steen. The impact of organic compared to conventional farming practices on N leaching loss was studied for Danish mixed dairy and arable farms using an N balance approach based on representative data. On mixed dairy farms a simple N balance method was used to estimate N surplus and N leaching loss. On arable farms the simple N balance method was unreliable due to changes in the soil N pool. Consequently, the FASSET simulation model was used to estimate N surplus, N leaching loss and the changes in the soil N pool. The study found a lower N leaching loss from organic than conventional mixed dairy farms, primarily due to lower N inputs. On organic arable farms the soil N pool was increasing over years but the N leaching loss was comparable to conventional arable... Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions. Ano: 2006 URL: http://orgprints.org/4637/1/4637.pdf Proposal for the knowledge synthesis "Organic agriculture in a global perspective" Organic Eprints Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen. In September 2003, the Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming (DARCOF) presented a strategy proposal for 2005-2010 entitled "International research cooperation and organic integrity". In the strategy, organic agriculture in a global perspective is described as a new research area. Now, DARCOF's Board of Directors has decided to initiate a so-called knowledge synthesis1 and the present paper is a proposal for this work. This knowledge synthesis shall provide an overview of the role of organic agriculture in a global perspective, and a basis for initiating new research in this area. With food production as the point of departure and the growing globalisation as a necessary context, the work must include sustainability and fair trade as important... Tipo: Other Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Food systems. Ano: 2004 URL: http://orgprints.org/532/1/2004%2DAlroe_Kristensen%2DProposal_for_the_knowledge_synthesis_Organic_agriculture_in_a_global_perspective.pdf Nitrogen Turnover on Organic and Conventional Mixed Farms Organic Eprints Halberg, Niels; Kristensen, Erik Steen; Kristensen, Ib Sillebak. Separate focus on crop fertilization or feeding practices inadequately describes nitrogen (N) loss from mixed dairy farms because of (1) interaction between animal and crop production and between the production system and the manager, and (2) uncertainties of herd N production and crop N utilization. Therefore a systems approach was used to study N turnover and N efficiency on 16 conventional and 14 organic private Danish farms with mixed animal (dairy) and crop production. There were significant differences in N surplus at the farm level (242 kg. N/ha. vs. 124 kg. N/ha. on conventional and organic dairy farms respectively) with a correlation between stocking rate and N surplus. N efficiency was calculated as the output of N in animal products divided by... Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management. Ano: 1995 URL: http://orgprints.org/13010/1/13010.pdf Biomass energy in organic farming - the potential role of short rotattion coppice Organic Eprints Jørgensen, Uffe; Dalgaard, Tommy; Kristensen, Erik Steen. One of the aims of organic farming is to “reduce the use of non-renewable resources (e.g. fossil fuels) to a minimum”. So far, however, only very little progress has been made to introduce renewable energy in organic farming. This paper presents energy balances of Danish organic farming compared with energy balances of conventional farming. In general, the conversion to organic farming leads to a lower energy use (approximately 10% per unit of product). But the production of energy in organic farming is very low compared with the extensive utilisation of straw from conventional farming in Denmark (energy content of straw used for energy production was equivalent to 18% of total energy input in Danish agriculture in 1996). Biomass is a key energy carrier... Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Recycling; Balancing and resource management. Ano: 2005 URL: http://orgprints.org/3959/1/3959_Biomass.pdf Research to support development of organic food and farming Organic Eprints Watson, Christine; Alrøe, Hugo; Kristensen, Erik Steen. Agriculture and organic agriculture in particular are developing rapidly, due not only to technological change but also to changes in agricultural policy and public expectation. Research allows new knowledge to be developed and is thus vital for the future of organic agriculture. We can ask the question, what is the purpose of research on organic farming? Is it to increase yield and productivity, to compare it with other forms of agriculture, or to quantify its environmental and social impact, minimise the adverse effects and maximise the benefits etc? The answer is of course that research has a role to play in all of these and many other aspects of developing the organic food chain. The precise purpose of the research is usually defined by the funder, and... Tipo: Book chapter Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy. Ano: 2006 URL: http://orgprints.org/6280/1/Watson.pdf Registros recuperados: 34 Primeira ... 1 2 ... Última

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