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| Regnier, Pierre; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Ciais, Philippe; Mackenzie, Fred T.; Gruber, Nicolas; Janssens, Ivan A.; Laruelle, Goulven G.; Lauerwald, Ronny; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Andersson, Andreas J.; Arndt, Sandra; Arnosti, Carol; Borges, Alberto V.; Dale, Andrew W.; Gallego-sala, Angela; Godderis, Yves; Goossens, Nicolas; Hartmann, Jens; Heinze, Christoph; Ilyina, Tatiana; Joos, Fortunat; Larowe, Douglas E.; Leifeld, Jens; Meysman, Filip J. R.; Munhoven, Guy; Raymond, Peter A.; Spahni, Renato; Suntharalingam, Parvadha; Thullner, Martin. |
| A substantial amount of the atmospheric carbon taken up on land through photosynthesis and chemical weathering is transported laterally along the aquatic continuum from upland terrestrial ecosystems to the ocean. So far, global carbon budget estimates have implicitly assumed that the transformation and lateral transport of carbon along this aquatic continuum has remained unchanged since pre-industrial times. A synthesis of published work reveals the magnitude of present-day lateral carbon fluxes from land to ocean, and the extent to which human activities have altered these fluxes. We show that anthropogenic perturbation may have increased the flux of carbon to inland waters by as much as 1.0 Pg C yr(-1) since pre-industrial times, mainly owing to enhanced... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2013 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00264/37508/36764.pdf |
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| Ferré, Marie; Müller, Adrian; Leifeld, Jens; Bader, Cédric; Müller, Moritz; Engel, Stefanie; Wichmann, Sabine. |
| Major common production activities on organic soils require drainage, which results in the loss of important ecosystem services such as carbon storage. This paper provides an overview of the farming situation on organic soils in a western region of Switzerland characterized by intensive vegetable farming and therefore by high opportunity costs of adopting sustainable practices on these soils. Based on a review of the academic and grey literature and interviews with regional experts, we find that the main challenges to a change in management practices include the profitability of the current land use, the difficult economic environment of farmers, the cultural background associated with the region, and the absence of systematic data on soil properties. We... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil; Switzerland. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/35588/1/Ferre-etal-2019-LUP-Vol87-p104019.pdf |
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| Hüppi, Roman; Neftel, Albrecht; Lehmann, Moritz F.; Krauss, Maike; Six, Johan; Leifeld, Jens. |
| Biochar, a carbon-rich, porous pyrolysis product of organic residues, is evaluated as an option to tackle major problems of the global food system. Applied to soil, biochar can sequester carbon and have beneficial effects on nitrogen (N) cycling, thereby enhancing crop yields and reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. There is little understanding of the underlying mechanisms, but many experiments indicated increased yields and manifold changes in N transformation, suggesting an increase in N use efficiency. Biochar's effects can be positive in extensively managed tropical agriculture, however less is known about its use in temperate soils with intensive fertilisation. We tested the effect of slow pyrolysis wood chip biochar on N use efficiency, crop... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34685/1/hueppi_etal-2016_EnvironResLett-Vol11-p084013.pdf |
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| Leifeld, Jens; Alewell, Christine; Bader, Cédric; Krüger, Jan Paul; Mueller, Carsten W.; Sommer, Michael; Steffens, Markus; Szidat, Sönke. |
| Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) derives from incomplete combustion of organic matter and is ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Most PyC is inherently more stable against decomposition than plant residues, and PyC therefore forms an important component of the global carbon (C) cycle. During the Holocene, about 436 Pg organic C accumulated in northern peatlands, and we hypothesize that PyC may contribute substantially to that C stock. We studied 70 samples from 19 intact and degraded European peatland sites and analyzed their PyC content by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling and peat age and accumulation by radiocarbon dating. Classification of a peatland as either intact or degraded was based on the comparison between... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34486/1/leifeldetal-2018-LandDegradDevelop-Vol29-p2082%E2%80%932091.pdf |
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| Krause, Hans-Martin; Hüppi, Roman; Leifeld, Jens; El-Hadidi, Mohamed; Harter, Johannes; Kappler, Andreas; Hartmann, Martin; Behrens, Sebastian; Mäder, Paul; Gattinger, Andreas. |
| N2O is a major greenhouse gas and the majority of anthropogenic N2O emissions originate from agriculturally managed soils. Therefore, developing N2O mitigation strategies is a key challenge for the agricultural sector and biochar soil treatment is one reported option. Biochar's capacity to increase soil pH and to foster activity of specialized N2O reducers has been proposed as possible mechanisms for N2O mitigation. An experiment was undertaken to investigate whether changes in the community composition of N2O reducers was observed under field conditions after biochar application. The study objective was to assess the abundance and taxonomic composition of the functional marker genes nosZ and nosZ –II across a vegetation period of Zea mays L. after biochar... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32767/1/krause-etal-2018-SoilBiolBiochem-vol119-p143-151.pdf |
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| Hüppi, Roman; Felber, Raphael; Krauss, Maike; Six, Johan; Leifeld, Jens; Fuß, Roland. |
| The static chamber approach is often used for greenhouse gas (GHG) flux measurements, whereby the flux is deduced from the increase of species concentration after closing the chamber. Since this increase changes diffusion gradients between chamber air and soil air, a nonlinear increase is expected. Lateral gas flow and leakages also contribute to non linearity. Several models have been suggested to account for this non linearity, the most recent being the Hutchinson±Mosier regression model (HMR). However, the practical application of these models is challenging because the researcher needs to decide for each flux whether a nonlinear fit is appropriate or exaggerates flux estimates due to measurement artifacts. In the latter case, a flux estimate from the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Specific methods; Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34683/1/hueppi_etal_2018_PlosOne_Vol13_Issue7-p1-17.pdf |
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