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| Lopes,F.L.; Nascimento,I.; Zin,W.A.; Valença,A.M.; Mezzasalma,M.A.; Figueira,I.; Nardi,A.E.. |
| Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown a positive correlation between smoking and psychiatric disorders. To investigate the prevalence of cigarette smoking, 277 psychiatric outpatients with anxiety or depressive disorders (DSM-IV) answered a self-evaluation questionnaire about smoking behavior and were compared with a group of 68 control subjects. The diagnoses (N = 262) were: 30.2% (N = 79) major depressive disorder, 23.3% (N = 61) panic disorder, 15.6% (N = 41) social anxiety disorder, 7.3% (N = 19) other anxiety disorders, and 23.7% (N = 62) comorbidity disorders. Among them, 26.3% (N = 69) were smokers, 23.7% (N = 62) were former smokers and 50.0% (N = 131) were nonsmokers. The prevalence of nicotine dependence among the smokers was 59.0%... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Panic disorder; Social anxiety disorder; Depression; Depressive disorder. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000800013 |
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| Nardi,A.E.; Valença,A.M.; Nascimento,I.; Mezzasalma,M.A.; Lopes,F.L.; Zin,W.A.. |
| Our aim was to observe the induction of panic attacks by a hyperventilation challenge test in panic disorder patients (DSM-IV) and their healthy first-degree relatives. We randomly selected 25 panic disorder patients, 31 healthy first-degree relatives of probands with panic disorder and 26 normal volunteers with no family history of panic disorder. All patients had no psychotropic drugs for at least one week. They were induced to hyperventilate (30 breaths/min) for 4 min and anxiety scales were applied before and after the test. A total of 44.0% (N = 11) panic disorder patients, 16.1% (N = 5) of first-degree relatives and 11.5% (N = 3) of control subjects had a panic attack after hyperventilating (chi² = 8.93, d.f. = 2, P = 0.011). In this challenge test... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Panic attacks; Respiration; Anxiety disorder; Ventilation. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000001100009 |
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| Nardi,A.E.; Valença,A.M.; Lopes,F.L.; Nascimento,I.; Mezzasalma,M.A.; Zin,W.A.. |
| Our aim was to compare the clinical features of panic disorder (PD) patients sensitive to hyperventilation or breath-holding methods of inducing panic attacks. Eighty-five PD patients were submitted to both a hyperventilation challenge test and a breath-holding test. They were asked to hyperventilate (30 breaths/min) for 4 min and a week later to hold their breath for as long as possible, four times with a 2-min interval. Anxiety scales were applied before and after the tests. We selected the patients who responded with a panic attack to just one of the tests, i.e., those who had a panic attack after hyperventilating (HPA, N = 24, 16 females, 8 males, mean age ± SD = 38.5 ± 12.7 years) and those who had a panic attack after breath holding (BHPA, N = 20, 11... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Anxiety disorder; Challenge tests; Panic disorder; Hyperventilation; Breath holding. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000200013 |
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