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| Registros recuperados: 39 | |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Munoz, Arnold O.. |
| This paper examines the forces that affected the Northeastern fresh tomato supply in the post-WWII period. A simultaneous equation model is developed which incorporates a composite price expectation model, supply response, and factors affecting regional price. Findings reveal that data are consistent with the Rational Expectation Hypothesis. Urban pressure played a major role in shifting supply response while shipments from competing areas had a modest impact on regional production or price. The positive elasticity of producers' revenue with respect to local production highlights the aggregate benefits of increasing yields. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28890 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Sepulveda, Jorge L.. |
| The thrust of this paper is to identify and measure structural changes in the U.S. demand for sugar and to derive subsequent implications for import restriction policies. Empirical results indicate that changes in consumer preferences and the availability of closer and cheaper sweeteners in food processing, especially high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), are exerting a downward pressure on sugar demand. As the U.S. demand for sugar decreases and the food industry adjusts faster to sweetener choices, the U.S. government would have to impose more restrictive import barriers to maintain prices to domestic sugar and HFCS producers. Furthermore, the welfare impact of U.S. sugar policy options on domestic consumers and food processors will be lessened. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28960 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Liron-Espana, Carmen. |
| This study estimates the elasticities of wholesale food prices, cost efficiency, and market power with respect to industrial concentration in 35 food processing industries, modifying the model of Lopez, Azzam, and Lirón-España (2002). In contrast to the results of their earlier analysis, findings of this study indicate that further increases in concentration would result in significant processing cost savings (and Lerner index increases) in nearly all industries and that output prices would decline in nearly 50% of the industries, although significantly so in only 20% of them. As industrial concentration rises, price declines occur in industries with low levels of concentration while price increases occur in highly concentrated industries. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Cost efficiency; Food prices; Food processing; Industrial concentration; Market power; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59610 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Matschke, Xenia. |
| We apply the Berry, Levinsohn and Pakes (1995) market equilibrium model (BLP) to data from 30 brands of beers sold in 12 U.S. cities over 20 quarters (1988-92) to estimate the consumers taste for beer characteristics (price, alcohol content, and calories) as well as for the cultural region of origin (USA, Anglo-European, Germanic, and countries bordering the U.S.). Consumer heterogeneity is allowed with respect to age, income and gender. Overall we end up with 7,200 beer brand observations (30x12x20) and 13,920 (58 random draws x 12 x 20) consumer observations. Empirical results indicate that indeed there is home bias with respect to European beers and somewhat less so with respect to beers from bordering countries (Mexico and Canada). Home bias is more... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Home bias; Beer; Country of origin; Demand; Differentiated products; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7883 |
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| Chidmi, Benaissa; Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Cotterill, Ronald W.. |
| This paper applies the BLP approach to the demand for ready-to-eat cereals (RTECs) at the supermarket-chain level in Boston using IRI monthly data. The Random Coefficient Model is used to estimate the demand for 37 brands of RTECs at the leading supermarkets in the Boston area. The empirical results provide a wealth of consumer behavior information, including own- and cross-price elasticites for 37 brands of RTECs at four leading supermarkets in Boston. The demand for RTECs is generally price elastic (ranging between -3 and -8). Consumers respond positively and strongly to promotion, negatively and strongly to price, calories and fiber, and weakly to sugar content. Income has a strong interactive effect with product characteristics and thus is a useful... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19236 |
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| Liu, Xiaoou; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| The Impact of Wal-Mart Supercenters on Supermarkets’ Profit Margins. XIAOOU LIU (Email: xiaoou2010@gmail.com, School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China 100872) RIGOBERTO LOPEZ (Professor and Department Head, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Storrs, CT 06269) This paper quantifies the impact of Wal-Mart Supercenters on supermarkets’ profitability via a two-stage dynamic entry game, using simulated methods of moment and milk scanner data from Dallas/Fort Worth supermarkets. The empirical findings show that the entry of Wal-Mart Supercenters accounts for about an average of 50% decreases in profit margins for incumbent supermarkets. The effect of scale of economies is found to be more... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Wal-Mart; Entry; Profit margins; Dynamic games; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61800 |
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| Bonanno, Alessandro; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper measures the degree of monopsony power exerted by Wal-Mart over retail workers using a dominant-firm model and data on contiguous U.S. counties where the company operates, presenting for the first time a measure of the anti-competitive behavior of the company. Empirical results show that Wal-Mart’s monopsony power over workers varies significantly across the country, being higher in rural counties, particularly in the south. For instance, Wal-Mart’s buying power index in labor markets in rural southern central states is estimated to be 5% or higher while the impact on northeastern states’ retail wages is negligible. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6219 |
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| Gonzalez, Maria A.; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper estimates farm household levels of technical efficiency and their determinants in Colombia, with particular reference to political violence (i.e., guerilla fronts, assassinations, kidnappings, and displaced population). An input-oriented stochastic frontier is estimated simultaneously with a technical inefficiency model that incorporates violence at the local level, using survey data from 822 farm households. The findings show that household productivity is lower in areas of high political violence, particularly with high incidence of guerrilla fronts and kidnappings. Should political violence be eliminated, the average Farrell's technical efficiency index of farm households in the sample would increase by an average of 6.4%, favoring households... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Distance function; Farm efficiency; Colombia; Violencia; Consumer/Household Economics; Q74; O13; O54; D24. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19528 |
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| Bonanno, Alessandro; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper investigates the impacts of store brands (i.e., private labels) and retail characteristics (scanners, deli, bakery, and pharmacy departments, ATMs, restaurant and store size) on fluid milk prices using 1,740 supermarket-level observations from four cities. Non-parametric results reveal that although private label milk initially exerts a procompetitive effect on milk prices, eventually the effect is to raise the prices of both manufacturers' brands and private labels. Econometric results further reveal that price differentials are larger for reduced-fat milk than for whole milk and that the more enhanced the retail configuration is, the higher milk prices are. Overall, the results attest to some degree of price discrimination by retailers through... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25222 |
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| Chidmi, Benaissa; Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Cotterill, Ronald W.. |
| The purpose of this paper is to examine the vertical relationship between the manufacturers of ready-to-eat cereals (RTEC) and the retailers in the Boston area. The study uses highly disaggregated (supermarket and brand level ) monthly data from Information Resources Inc (IRI) from 1995 to 1997.The Logit model is used to estimate the demand for 37 brands of RTEC in the top four supermarkets in the Boston area. The demand estimates are then used to compute the price-cost margins (PCM) for retailers and manufacturers under different vertical scenarios, including vertical Nash double marginalization, non-linear pricing, vertical integration, and collusion. The results of the study shed light on the power each agent (manufacturers and retailers) has to set the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19916 |
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| Bhuyan, Sanjib; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper estimates welfare losses in thirty-eight U.S. food and tobacco industries at the four-digit SIC level, then relates such losses to market structure and conduct variables to identify the welfare loss determinants. Empirical findings indicate that these losses are higher in markets characterized by high export intensity, high advertising expenditures, economies of scale, mergers and acquisitions, and market concentration. In addition, losses are larger in industries that sell finished consumer products and face lower import competition. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31519 |
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| Bonanno, Alessandro; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper investigates the effect of in-store services on retail food prices, supermarket competition, and demand using fluid milk as a case study. It is shown that higher-service supermarkets charge higher milk prices essentially because of an increase in market power due to differentiation of service offering. Results show that different types of services impact milk prices differently, that upscale food-retailers face stronger competition in newer services, and that service competition results in a trade-off for the consumer between the attractiveness of the enhanced retail configuration and the increase in prices. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Retailing; Pricing; Milk; Supermarkets; Agribusiness; L81; D40; L66. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9833 |
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| Hathie, Ibrahima; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper ascertains the costs and benefits of diverting water from the Senegal River. Two scenarios are compared to the status quo of inaction: the social planner and the competitive scenarios. Although these two scenarios yield positive present values of net benefits, the social planner scenario would use smaller quantities of water while providing the highest net benefits to society. Given that the benefits are one-sided while the costs are spread over several constituencies that share the river, it is possible for the gainers to compensate the losers, especially the farmers of flood recession agriculture identified as the main deprived group. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19586 |
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| Bhuyan, Sanjib; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This article systematically estimates the allocative efficiency losses in the U.S. food and tobacco manufacturing industries under alternative oligopoly pricing regimes using a formal model of oligopoly. Using 1987 data for 44 industries and an industry-wide oligopoly pricing scheme, these losses were estimated at approximately 3% of sales--2% in the food industries and 19% in the tobacco industries. Five additional oligopoly pricing regimes, four of which are price leaderships, are simulated and their results compared and tested relative to the industry-wide pricing regime. Findings underscore the importance of cost structure assumptions and that the impact of the type of oligopoly behavior assumed is not as dramatic when differences in demand and cost... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food and tobacco industries; Market power; Welfare loss; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15269 |
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| Chidmi, Benaissa; Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Cotterill, Ronald W.. |
| This paper assesses the impacts of the Northeast Dairy Compact (NEDC) and retail oligopoly power on fluid milk prices in Boston. Empirical results reveal that price increases due to oligopoly power outweighed those caused by the NEDC by nearly seven times. In fact, markups are estimated at approximately 25% of the retail milk price, translating into approximately a little less than $0.75/gallon. We also estimated that only around two-thirds of the raw milk price changes were passed forward to consumers. This helps explain why consumer prices have come down only little after elimination of the NEDC. In fact, the new milk income loss contract program, which basically provides partial price subsidies to farmers, has contributed to low raw milk prices that... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25212 |
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| Registros recuperados: 39 | |
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