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| Andriamananjara, Soamiely; Dean, Judith M.; Feinberg, Robert; Ferrantino, Michael J.; Ludema, Rodney; Tsigas, Marinos E.. |
| The global economic effects of eliminating certain significant categories of nontariff measures (NTMs) are estimated in a CGE context. As a first step, a database of institutional information identifying alleged instances of NTMs for particular products and countries is constructed based on WTO, U.S. Government, and EU sources, and compared with the UNCTAD policy inventory. This database is then concorded to a GTAP-feasible multiregion, multisector aggregation. Retail price data from the EIU CityData database, similarly concorded, are analyzed econometrically, taking into account systematic deviations from purchasing-power parity, to determine whether and to what extent the presence of alleged NTMs is associated with significantly higher prices. The... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15863 |
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| Cuddington, John T.; Ludema, Rodney; Jayasuriya, Shamila A. |
| In light of ongoing concern about commodity specialization in Latin America, this paper revisits the argument of Prebisch (1950) that, over the long term, declining terms of trade would frustrate the development goals of the region. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to clarify the issues raised by Prebisch and Singer (1950), as they relate the commodity specialization of developing countries (and Latin America in particular). The second is to reconsider empirically the issue of trends in commodity prices, using recent data and techniques. We show that rather than a downward trend, real primary prices over the last century have experienced one or more abrupt shifts, or "structural breaks," downwards. The preponderance evidence points to a... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15857 |
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| Cebi, Pinar; Ludema, Rodney. |
| The United States and other industrialized countries were once strong proponents of generalized, unconditional Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) treatment as a fundamental GATT rule. Today that support is much diminished, and industrialized countries routinely adopt policies that circumvent MFN. This paper develops a model of multilateral trade negotiations to illustrate some of the trade-offs large countries face in adopting MFN and how these trade-offs may change over time. Two large countries (the North) negotiate a trade agreement with each other and with a continuum of smaller countries (the South). Under unconditional MFN, northern tariff reductions must be extended to all southern countries regardless of whether or not the southern countries agree to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15853 |
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