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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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| Wynne, Adrian T.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This study analyses survey data gathered from small and large-scale poultry producers in the rural areas of KwaZulu-Natal, and highlights factors constraining the impact of commercial poultry production on the local economy. It was found that small-scale poultry production has the ability to initiate economic growth by "exporting" its products and can draw under-utilised resources such as labour into production. The impact of the subsequent multiplier effect is generally strongest in the non-tradable, non-agricultural sector. Alleviating constraints for a large number of small enterprises is expected to impact more positively on the rural economy than if a few larger enterprises were encouraged to grow bigger. The descriptive results suggest that small... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19095 |
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| Mahabile, M.; Lyne, Michael C.; Panin, A.. |
| This study attempts to identify factors responsible for differences in the productivity of cattle managed by private and communal livestock farmers in the southern region of Botswana during 1999/2000. Sample survey data are used to estimate the parameters of a block recursive regression model. Some of the equations postulated in the model are estimated with two-stage least squares (2SLS) to account for likely correlation between endogenous explanatory variables and the error term. The results show that (a) respondents with secure land tenure (private farms) and larger herds use more agricultural credit than do those who rely on open access communal grazing to raise cattle; (b) secure tenure and higher levels of liquidity from long-term credit and off-farm... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31718 |
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| Lyne, Michael C.; Collins, Ray. |
| Agricultural cooperatives are often viewed as appropriate vehicles to facilitate vertical coordination with, or horizontal integration between, small farmers who would otherwise be excluded from value-adding opportunities and discerning markets. In South Africa, renewed interest in development-oriented cooperatives saw the introduction of a new Cooperatives Act in 2005, along with support measures dedicated to ‘emerging’ cooperatives. This paper contends that the architects of the new Act discounted important trends in international legislation that would have made development-oriented cooperatives more versatile and given their members better access to capital and expertise through equity partnerships with private agribusiness firms. It is concluded that... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural cooperatives; Small farmers; New institutional economics; Strategic partnerships; Land reform beneficiaries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37551 |
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| Shinns, L.H.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This study identifies different dimensions of poverty affecting the current and future well-being of households within a community of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal. A census survey of the beneficiary households was conducted in May 2002 to gather data on poverty indicators. Principal Component Analysis was used to construct an index of the standard of housing, which was then combined with variables measuring other symptoms of poverty (income, wealth and health) in a Cluster Analysis of the households. The analysis revealed five clusters representing four distinct groups of poverty; households relatively income and asset rich, households relatively income rich but asset poor, households relatively asset rich but income poor and... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9476 |
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| Lyne, Michael C.; Ferrer, Stuart R.D.. |
| Census surveys of land transactions show that 203,300 hectares of KwaZulu-Natal's commercial farmland transferred to previously disadvantaged South Africans over the period 1997-2003. This represents 3.8 per cent of the farmland originally available for redistribution in 1994. The annual rate of land redistribution in the province fell from a peak of 1.06 per cent in 2002 to 0.41 per cent in 2003, following an increase in the real price of farmland. Transactions financed only with government grants accounted for almost one-half of the redistributed farmland. However, the quality of farmland financed with grants awarded under government's land redistribution programme was poor relative to that financed privately. The LRAD programme introduced in 2001... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31739 |
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| Wynne, Adrian T.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This study analyses survey data gathered from small and large poultry producers in the rural areas of KwaZulu-Natal, and highlights factors constraining the impact of commercial poultry production on the local economy. It was found that small-scale poultry production has the ability to initiate economic growth through the "export" of its products and to draw under-utilised resources such as labour into production. The impact of the subsequent multiplier effect is most likely strongest in the non-tradable, non-agricultural sector. Alleviating constraints for a large number of small enterprises is expected to impact more positively on the rural economy than if a few larger enterprises were encouraged to grow bigger. The descriptive results suggest that small... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9468 |
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| Gadzikwa, Lawrence; Lyne, Michael C.; Hendriks, Sheryl L.. |
| This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of free-riding in the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organization (EFO), a group of certified organic crop growers in South Africa, using data gathered in a census survey of its 151 partially and fully certified members. The computed free-riding index scores suggested that free-riding posed a serious threat to the group’s collective marketing efforts. Regression analysis showed that members who were male, poorly educated, aware of loopholes in the grading system, and who did not trust the buyer, were more likely to free-ride. In the longer term, the EFO should address institutionalized free-riding by issuing tradable ownership rights. In the short term, it must engage with the packhouse (buyer) to remove flaws in... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Organic crops; Collective marketing; Free-riding; Crop Production/Industries; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57014 |
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| Shinns, L.H.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This study investigates possible causes of poverty afflicting a community of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal. The 38 beneficiary households had previously been clustered into four groups displaying different symptoms of poverty. Linear Discriminant Analysis was used first to distinguish households that were relatively income and asset "rich" from those that were relatively income and asset "poor", and second to distinguish households that were relatively income poor but "asset rich" from those relatively asset poor but "income rich". In the first analysis it was found that "rich" households could be distinguished from "poor" households using just two indicator variables; gender of the household head and family size. Larger,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31720 |
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| Gray, B.C.; Lyne, Michael C.; Ferrer, Stuart R.D.. |
| This paper extends a previous study in South Africa aimed at developing methodology for assessing the performance of equity-share schemes. The previous study proposed four broad criteria to measure performance: poverty alleviation; empowerment and participation; institutional arrangements and governance; and financial performance. This paper does not aim to assess the performance of existing equity-share schemes but to develop a methodology for the first three criteria based on empirical analysis of data gathered in 2004 from a land reform project in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal and seven established equity-share schemes in the Western Cape. Poverty alleviation is measured using a transition matrix of households grouped by four different symptoms of... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31701 |
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| Gray, B.C.; Lyne, Michael C.; Ferrer, Stuart R.D.. |
| This study aims to develop a robust methodology for measuring financial performance of equity-share schemes. Several studies have investigated various aspects of performance of these schemes but no single study has yet measured their performance using an objective set of criteria. Four categories of such objective criteria are proposed: poverty alleviation; empowerment and participation; institutional arrangements and governance; and financial performance. This paper focuses only on the financial performance criteria. Recognised indicators of financial performance are applied to balance sheet and income statement data provided by four equity-share schemes in the Western Cape province. This analysis highlights problems with several of the conventional... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9493 |
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| Newman, R.A.; Ortmann, Gerald F.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| A survey was conducted in 1995 among 135 commercial farmers in KwaZulu-Natal to analyse labour remuneration and farmers' perceptions about the impact of labour legislation recently extended to agriculture. Farm labour remuneration normally includes cash wages and payments in kind (such as rations, housing, land use rights and clothing). The study suggests that, all things being equal, farmers who pay relatively lower cash wages tend to provide more rations per worker and allocate more land use rights. Most respondents agreed that there is some need for labour legislation in agriculture, but the majority perceived the present legislation to be time-consuming and costly, and wanted the legislation to be less ambiguous, more flexible and less extensive.... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54980 |
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| Dennison, D.B.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This paper has two objectives: first, to identify the main contaminants responsible for high treatment costs in the Umgeni catchment area, and second, to predict treatment costs from observed levels of contaminants. A partial adjustment model of treatment costs is estimated for the DV Harris plant, which draws water from Midmar Dam, using ordinary least squares regression and principal component analysis. The model highlights important policy issues and explains 61% of the variation in chemical treatment costs. Environmental contaminants have a marked impact on treatment costs. Treatment costs increase when levels of alkalinity, sodium and turbidity fall. Conversely, costs rise with higher levels of dissolved oxygen and water stability. Paradoxically,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54976 |
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| Finnemore, G.R.L.; Darroch, Mark A.G.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| Investments in productive assets by broad-based black economic empowerment (BEE) enterprises in South Africa (SA) during the 1990s have been constrained, in part, by a lack of access to capital. Even if capital can be sourced, BEE businesses often face a liquidity problem, as conventional, equally amortized loan repayment plans do not take into account the size and timing of investment returns, or there are lags in the adjustment of management to such new investments. This paper describes five alternative loan products to the conventional equally amortized loan: the single payment non-amortized loan; the decreasing payment loan; the partial payment loan; the graduated payment loan; and the deferred payment loan. Recent SA experience with the graduated... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9495 |
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| Nganya, P.; Lyne, Michael C.; Ferrer, Stuart R.D.. |
| The new Cooperatives Act 14 of 2005 was promulgated in August 2005 to promote the development of sustainable cooperatives in South Africa and their use as a vehicle to develop small enterprises. This paper uses the new institutional economics (NIE) to highlight problems created by the Act. Case studies were done of three producer groups in KwaZulu-Natal that formally registered as cooperatives after August 2005. It is clear that the cooperative model was adopted because it was seen as a precondition for government support. All of these cooperatives displayed symptoms of institutional problems and two of them had mitigated these problems by shedding their poorest members and creating their own rules to reward investors with capital gains. The first of these... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural cooperatives; Cooperatives Act; New institutional economics; Case study; Institutional and Behavioral Economics. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61996 |
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| Chibanda, M.; Ortmann, Gerald F.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This paper evaluates the impact of institutional and governance factors on the performance of 10 smallholder agricultural cooperatives in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). Five of the cooperatives grow and market vegetables, three produce and market poultry, one is a beef production cooperative and another operates a bakery. The results of a cluster analysis suggest that the performance of the selected smallholder cooperatives is influenced by institutional and governance problems. Institutional problems give rise to low levels of equity and debt capital, reliance on government funding, low levels of investment, and subsequent loss of members. Governance problems are strongly linked to the absence of secret ballot, low levels of education, lack of production and... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Traditional cooperatives; Performance; Institutions; Good governance; Cluster analysis; Institutional and Behavioral Economics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55132 |
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| Matungul, Pierre M.; Ortmann, Gerald F.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| High transaction costs are detrimental to the efficient operation or existence of markets for inputs and outputs. The cost of information and the costs associated with the search for trade partners, distance to formal markets and contract enforcement are likely to influence the marketing of food crops. This study hypothesises that the level of income generated from food crop sales by small-scale farmers in the Impendle and Swayimana districts of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is influenced by transaction costs and certain household and farm characteristics. Regression analysis shows that the depth of marketing methods is significantly influenced by transaction cost proxies such as cooperation with large commercial farmers and ownership of means of transport.... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6958 |
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| Dengu, T.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| This study tests the hypothesis that an efficient rental market for cropland is a significant determinant of agricultural investment in the communal areas of KwaZulu-Natal. An efficient rental market creates an opportunity cost for under-utilisation, which tends to transfer resources to more effective users. The efficiency of a rental market is compromised by the presence of transaction costs that reduce returns for both lessees and lessors. Transaction costs include risk arising from a possible breach of the rental contract. Potential losses caused by a breach of contract can be reduced by introducing a credible third-party to witness the contract. Likewise, moral hazard can be reduced by contracting with trusted persons. Data from household surveys... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Customary institutions; Insecure land tenure; Rental market; Transaction costs; Moral hazard; Crop production; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8012 |
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| Fenwick, L.J.; Lyne, Michael C.. |
| The Heckman two-stage procedure is used to identify and rank the determinants of internal and external credit rationing in rural households using data sourced from two districts in the former KwaZulu homeland. The results confirm international findings that high transaction costs faced by rural households limit their access to formal credit markets. Income and savings levels are significant determinants of the level of credit obtained, with savings acting as a substitute for credit. Better access to financial markets will require public investment in rural infrastructure, literacy and vocational training, and legal reform in order to lower transaction costs, improve income levels, and facilitate the efficient use of collateral. Savings lose their value as... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54892 |
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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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