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Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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Milind Watve; Maithili Jog; Prajakta Belsare. |
The metabolic syndrome disorders (MSD) including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease are known to be triggered by lifestyle change. We state and support a hypothesis here that changes in behavior rather than changes in diet and metabolism are central to MSD. We provide and discuss evidence in support of the following sequence of arguments. (i) Diet, thriftiness and obesity centered paradigm is inadequate to explain most of the physiological and immunological changes associated with metabolic syndrome disorders (MSD). (ii) Comparative studies show that relative obesity rather than absolute obesity is strongly associated with various parameters of MSD and further perception of calories without... |
Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4833/version/1 |
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Milind Watve; Ulfat Baig. |
A very fundamental paradox of insulin resistance is that in a wide variety of animal models impairment of insulin signaling increases life span. But in humans it increases the risk of a range of fatal disorders. The Klotho protein appears to resolve this paradox. Overexpression of the Klotho gene increases longevity in mammals by inducing insulin resistance. But the Klotho protein is simultaneously anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and pro-angiogenesis. A number of other studies have indicated that systemic inflammation, angiogenesis dysfunction and oxidative stress are the main causes of pathological complications of diabetes. The Klotho protein has demonstrated that insulin resistance can be decoupled from these pathogenic mechanisms and if decoupled it... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Evolutionary Biology. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5420/version/1 |
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Milind Watve; Gauri Tendulkar; Ketaki Ghate. |
Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules in bacteria which replicate sharing the replication machinery with the bacterial chromosome. Since plasmids are much smaller than the chromosome, unless their replication is tightly regulated, their copy numbers can escalate quickly. A number of mechanisms of plasmid replication regulation are known in P1 plasmid of E. coli. Mechanisms such as autorepression of the replication initiator protein (RepA) and its dimerization are unable to explain copy number regulation by themselves. The number of RepA binding sites (iterons) is inversely related to copy numbers. Handcuffing of plasmids by RepA dimer is believed to be the main mechanism of arresting replication. We show here with a probabilistic model that for the... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5421/version/1 |
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Manasee Mankar; Radhika Joshi; Prajakta Belsare; Maithili Jog; Milind Watve. |
Fat accumulation has been classically considered as a means of energy storage. Obese people are theorized as metabolically ‘thrifty’, saving energy during times of food abundance. However, recent research has highlighted many neuro-behavioral and social aspects of obesity, with a suggestion that obesity, abdominal obesity in particular, may have evolved as a social signal. We tested here whether body proportions, and abdominal obesity in particular, are perceived as signals revealing personality traits. 

Faceless drawings of three male body forms namely lean, muscular and feminine, each with and without abdominal obesity were shown in a randomized order to a group of 222 respondents. A list of 30... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2711/version/1 |
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Milind Watve; Anuja Damle; Bratati Ganguly; Anagha Kale. |
Defection is frequently seen in co-operative systems [1-3]. Game theoretical solutions to stabilize cooperation rely on reciprocity and reputation in iterated games[4-5]. One of the basic requirements for reciprocity or reputation building is that the strategies of players and the resulting payoffs should be open at the end of every interaction. For games in which the strategies and payoffs remain hidden, these stabilizing factors are unlikely to work. We examine the evolution of cooperation for hidden-strategy games using human mating game as an example. Here faithful parenting can be considered as cooperation and extra-pair mating (EPM) or cuckoldry as defection. Cuckoldry may get exposed only occasionally and the genetic benefits of cuckoldry also... |
Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Evolutionary Biology. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/740/version/1 |
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Milind Watve; Maithili Jog. |
The parasite loads appear to differ widely within and between species of free ranging wild mammals. Using data on fecal propagule densities of 29 species of wild mammals from 20 wild life parks in India we tried to identify the ecological factors that are best predictors of parasite loads. Parasite loads were consistently negatively correlated with predatory pressures at both interspecific and intraspecific levels. Carnivores had higher mean parasite loads and the effect of diet and that of predatory pressure appeared to be independent of each other. No other ecological factors were significantly and consistently associated with fecal parasite loads. |
Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4834/version/1 |
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Mukta Watve; Milind Watve. |
Background:
All known mechanisms and genes responsible for the regulation of plasmid replication lie with the plasmid rather than the chromosome. It is possible therefore that there can be copy-up mutants. Copy-up mutants will have within host selective advantage. This would eventually result into instability of bacteria-plasmid association. In spite of this possibility low copy number plasmids appear to exist stably in host populations. We examined this paradox using a computer simulation model.

Model:
Our multilevel selection model assumes a wild type with tightly regulated replication to ensure low copy number. A mutant with slightly relaxed replication regulation can act as a... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2016/version/1 |
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Milind Watve; Sonam Mandani; Prajakta Belsare. |
The adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ which secretes proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines resulting into raised serum levels. Hypercytokinemia has been interpreted as raised level of innate immunity and its evolution is interpreted as a response to increased chances of infection under starvation conditions in which the thrifty phenotype evolved. If starvation and infection challenges co-occurred during hunter gatherer life, thrifty genotype and infection resistant genotype may have co-evolved. An inherent weakness of this explanation is that in obesity or insulin resistance there is no evidence of increased resistance to infections. The raised levels of inflammatory cytokines have not been demonstrated to combat infections or enhance wound... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Immunology. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2710/version/1 |
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Prajakta Belsare; Milind Watve. |
We examine here, using a simple mathematical model, the conditions under which thrifty genes or fetal programming could evolve. Obesity and related disorders are thought to have their roots in metabolic thirftiness that evolved to combat periodic starvation. The failure to detect any thrifty genes and the association of low birth weight with type 2 diabetes, caused a shift in the concept from thrifty gene to thrifty phenotype and fetal programming. This hypothesis assumes that intra-uterine undernutrition programs the body to be thrifty, predicting and preparing for starvation in later life. However, there are reproductive costs associated with thriftiness. Results of the model suggest that under no condition thrifty and non-thrifty genes would co-exist... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2709/version/1 |
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Shraddha Karve; Ketaki Shurpali; Neelesh Dahanukar; Maithili Jog; Milind Watve. |
Money is a recent phenomenon in the evolutionary history of man and therefore no separate brain centre to handle money is likely to have evolved. The brain areas activated by food reward and money reward are extensively overlapping. In an experimental set-up, hunger was demonstrated to influence money related decisions and money related thoughts to influence hunger. This suggests that the brain areas evolved for handling food related emotions are exapted to handle money and therefore there could be a neuronal cross-talk between food and money. If this is true then attitude and behavior related to money and wealth could influence obesity. We conducted a survey of 211 individuals working as full time cashiers in order to test whether ownership over the cash,... |
Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Neuroscience. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2708/version/1 |
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Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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