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| Ribaudo, Marc; Delgado, Jorge; Hansen, LeRoy T.; Livingston, Michael J.; Mosheim, Roberto; Williamson, James M.. |
| Nitrogen is an important agricultural input that is critical for crop production. However, the introduction of large amounts of nitrogen into the environment has a number of undesirable impacts on water, terrestrial, and atmospheric resources. This report explores the use of nitrogen in U.S. agriculture and assesses changes in nutrient management by farmers that may improve nitrogen use effi ciency. It also reviews a number of policy approaches for improving nitrogen management and identifi es issues affecting their potential performance. Findings reveal that about two-thirds of U.S. cropland is not meeting three criteria for good nitrogen management. Several policy approaches, including fi nancial incentives, nitrogen management as a condition of farm... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Reactive nitrogen; Nitrogen management; Fertilizer; Water quality; Greenhouse gas; Economic incentives; Conservation policy; Regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118022 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; McBride, William D.; Nehring, Richard F.; Sandretto, Carmen L.; Mosheim, Roberto. |
| U.S. dairy production is consolidating into fewer but larger farms. This report uses data from several USDA surveys to detail that consolidation and to analyze the financial drivers of consolidation. Specifically, larger farms realize lower production costs. Although small dairy farms realize higher revenue per hundredweight of milk sold, the cost advantages of larger size allow large farms to be profitable, on average, even while most small farms are unable to earn enough to replace their capital. Further survey evidence, as well as the financial data, suggest that consolidation is likely to continue. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Economies of scale; Economies of size; Dairy farm structure; Milk costs; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6704 |
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| Key, Nigel D.; McBride, William D.; Mosheim, Roberto. |
| There have been dramatic structural changes in the U.S. hog industry in the last two decades that have coincided with substantial increases in farm productivity. This study used a stochastic frontier analysis to measure TFP growth between 1992 and 2004 and to decompose the TFP growth into four components: technical change and changes in technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and allocative efficiency. The study finds that productivity gains in the twelve year study period are explained almost entirely by technical progress and by improvements in scale efficiency. The study also disaggregates TFP growth in the Southeast and Heartland to better understand the implications of large spatial shifts in production. Results indicate that regional differences... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21323 |
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| Mosheim, Roberto; Lovell, C.A. Knox. |
| This study uses a new dataset based on the 2000 Agricultural Resource Management Survey, the most recent national survey of dairy producers in the United States. A shadow cost function is employed to decompose and analyze economic efficiency and scale economies. The study details the development of the data employed in the analysis and focuses on the estimation of scale relationships across farms in different regions and of different sizes. Preliminary results point to important scale economies and suggest that surviving small farms are on average more economically efficient but can exploit scale economies to a much lesser degree than larger farms. The preferred specification of the cost function does not show a region of decreasing returns to scale. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21440 |
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