|
|
|
|
|
| de Brauw, Alan; Mueller, Valerie. |
| Migration is considered a pathway out of poverty for many rural households in developing countries. National policies can discourage households from exploiting external employment opportunities through the distortion of capital markets. Studies in China show that the presence of state and collectively owned land creates inefficiencies in the labor market. We examine the extent restrictions on land rights impede mobility in Ethiopia, having the lowest urbanization rate in sub-Saharan Africa. The empirical estimates support a robust positive effect from increasing the transferability of land rights on migration. Our findings are suggestive that the nascent land certification and registration programs in regions of Ethiopia may potentially promote poverty... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60958 |
| |
|
|
| Ollinger, Michael; Mueller, Valerie. |
| Sanitation and process control costs increased the costs of producing meat and poultry by about 0.5 percent in the period preceding the promulgation of the Pathogen Reduction/Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (PR/HACCP) rule of 1996. However, there was no benefit in trying to avoid these costs. Large slaughter plants and all further-processing plants with poor performance of sanitation and food safety process controls were more likely to exit their industries than other plants. Moreover, the fraction of costs required for sanitation and process control was about the same for large plants as for small plants, suggesting that larger plants were no better able than small plants to absorb sanitation and process control costs. Results also suggest that... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Production cost; Manufacturing plant survival; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33975 |
| |
|
|
|
