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| Registros recuperados: 24 | |
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| Cooper, Julia; Reed, Eleanor Y.; Hörtenhuber, Stefan Josef; Lindenthal, Thomas; Løes, Anne-Kristin; Mäder, Paul; Magid, Jakob; Oberson, Astrid; Kolbe, Hartmut; Möller, Kurt. |
| Maintaining sufficient soil phosphorus (P) levels for non-limiting crop growth is challenging in organic systems since off-farm inputs of P are restricted. This study assessed the status of P on organic farms in Europe using soil test results for extractable P. Data was obtained from published literature, unpublished theses, and various national and regional databases of soil test values. Most of the data (15,506 observations) came from field scale soil tests, but in some cases (1272 observations) values had been averaged across a farm. Farm scale and field scale data were analysed separately and the impact of farm type (arable, dairy, grassland, horticulture, mixed, poultry, unknown) was assessed. Soil test results were assigned to P classes from very low... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32707/1/Cooper%20et%20al%202017%20NCAES.pdf |
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| Keller, Martina; Oberson, Astrid; Annaheim, Kathrin E.; Tamburini, Federica; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen; Frossard, Emmanuel; Bünemann, Else K.. |
| Lower P-input levels in organic than conventional farming can decrease soil total and available P, which can potentially be resupplied from soil organic P. We studied the effect of 30 y of conventional and organic farming on soil P forms, focussing especially on organic P. Soil samples (0–20 cm) were taken in a field experiment with a nonfertilized control, two organic systems receiving P inputs as animal manure, and two conventional systems receiving only mineral P or mineral P and manure. Soils were analyzed for total, inorganic, organic, and microbial P, by sequential P fractionation and by enzyme additions to alkaline soil extracts. Samples taken prior to starting the experiment were also analyzed. Average annual P balances ranged from –20 to +5 kg... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/21783/1/keller-etal-2012-JPlantNutrSoilSci-Vol175-p385-393.pdf |
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| Keller, Martina; Oberson, Astrid; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen; Bünemann, Else K.. |
| The impact of cropping systems on soil phosphorus (P) forms and P dynamics was studied. The systems were a biodynamic (DYN), a bioorganic (BIO), a conventional (CON), a stockless system (MIN) and an unfertilized control (NON). These cropping systems are part of the DOK field trial in Therwil near Basel. The systems differed in fertilization and plant protection. The P budgets over 30 years were negative except for CON and increased in the order: NON < DYN < ORG < MIN < CON. A sequential P extraction scheme was used to characterize the P forms in soil samples from 2007 and 1977 (before the start of the trial). Labile inorganic P (Pi) forms differed significantly between cropping systems. Organic P forms (Po) and stable Pi forms were not... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil; Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14255/1/Keller_14255.pdf |
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| Oberson, Astrid; Jarosch, Klaus A.; Bosshard, Christine; Dubois, David; Frossard, Emmanuel; Hammelehle, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen. |
| Organic and conventional cropping systems differ in the nature and amounts of nitrogen (N) inputs, which may affect efficiency and sustainability of N use. In the DOK (bio-Dynamic, bio-Organic, Konventionell) field experiment, organic and conventional cropping systems have been compared since 1978 at two fertilization levels. Nitrogen inputs via manure and/or mineral fertilizers, and N exports from plots with harvested products have throughout been recorded. For all treatments, N outputs with harvests have exceeded the inputs with fertilizers. Over the past years, symbiotic N2 fixation by soybean and clover grown in the trial has additionally been assessed, indicating average annual inputs of about 100 kg ha-1 yr-1 of N fixed from the atmosphere. Soil... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Soil quality; Soil tillage. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34559/1/oberson-etal-2018ESA2018_FinalAbstractBook_p44.pdf |
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| Frick, Hanna; Oberson, Astrid; Frossard, Emmanuel; Wettstein, Hans-Rudolf; Bünemann, Else K.. |
| Background • Nitrate leaching threatens both the environment and drinking water quality • Switzerland ca. 380,000 ha with > 25 mg nitrate/L in groundwater (quality criteria for drinking water) [1]; the Gäu region (Canton Solothurn) is especially vulnerable • Organic fertilizers (slurry, farmyard manure, etc.) might entail considerably increased leaching risks due to variable nitrogen (N) content and availability • Aim: increase N use efficiency, simultaneously reduce leaching |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34860/1/Poster_Hanna_A0_1806_light.pdf |
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| Mayer, Jochen; Hirte, Juliane; Oberson, Astrid; Lüscher, Andreas; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mäder, Paul; Hammelehle, Andreas. |
| We investigated nitrogen and carbon below ground inputs of soybean, clover-grass and maize and management effects of biological and conventional systems in the DOK long term experiment. We found for soybean increasing below ground C and N inputs with decreasing fertilization intensity whereas those effects were small for clover-grass. Below ground nitrogen inputs of red clover could be estimated by above ground N multiplied with a factor of 0.5. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/27229/1/27229_mayer.pdf |
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| Cooper, Julia; Loes, Anne-Kristin; Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Mäder, Paul; Magid, Jakob; Oberson, Astrid; Möller, Kurt. |
| Organic farming standards regulate allowable nutrient inputs according to the core principles of: reliance on renewable resources, recycling of wastes and by-products of plant and animal origin, and feeding of plants through the soil ecosystem and not through soluble fertilizers, balanced against a goal to produce high quality products with a minimum level of contaminants. These criteria are applied to the list of currently permitted inputs in organic agriculture, known as "Annex 1" of the European Commission Regulation EC No. 889/2008. This list currently excludes some potentially useful sources of societal waste (e.g. some sources of household waste and digestate, sewage sludge), but allows other sources which may pose higher risks according to some... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Recycling; Balancing and resource management Values; Standards and certification Policy environments and social economy Farm nutrient management. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30544/2/Cooper%20poster%20ESA%202016.pptx |
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| Mayer, Jochen; Jarosch, KA.; Hammelehle, Andreas; Dubois, David; Gunst, Lucie; Bosshard, C.; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mäder, Paul; Oberson, Astrid. |
| N-balances over 35 years from the DOK trial are presented and combined with Nstock changes in DOK treatments on different fertilisation levels. Results strongly indicate an N efficiency-sustainability dilemma: DOK treatments with a high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) lose more soil stock N than those with a lower NUE but higher N losses from the system. The biodynamic system showed little advantage in terms of soil N stocks sustainability while the solely mineral fertilised conventional treatment had highest NUE across all inputs including soil N change. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/31925/1/Stickstoffbilanzen%20in%20biologischen%20und%20konventionellen.pdf |
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| Hammelehle, Andreas; Müller, Torsten; Oberson, Astrid; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen. |
| Symbiotic N2 fixation (Nfix) and N-balance was determined from organic and conven-tional grown soybean in the DOK experiment (Switzerland). Nfix was calculated i) based solely on soybean aboveground N (AGN) and ii) additionally taking into account belowground N (BGN), comprising N in physical roots and N rhizodeposition. Nfix was averagely two times higher considering AGN and BGN, ranging from 22 g N m-2 (conventional manure) to 37 g N m-2 (conventional mineral). N balances were positive in all treatments, but with 2 – 7 g N m-2 based on AGN solely comparatively small. These values were exceeded fourfold when considering BGN ranging from 13 g N m-2 (conventional manure) to 21 g N m-2 (organic and conventional mineral). |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Soil. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/21426/1/21426_hammelehle.pdf |
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| Løes, Anne-Kristin; Bünemann, Else K.; Cooper, Julia; Hörtenhuber, Stefan Josef; Magid, Jakob; Oberson, Astrid; Möller, Kurt. |
| Organic farming systems need to replace nutrients exported via farm products, especially phosphorus (P) which may otherwise become depleted in soil in the long term. In Europe, EU regulations for organic production are shaping the farming systems with respect to inputs of nutrients. Permitted off-farm P sources include conventional animal manure, composted or anaerobically digested organic residues, rock phosphate, and some animal residues such as meat and bone meal. The recent proposed revision of EU regulations for organic production (2014) puts less emphasis on closing nutrient cycles and instead aims at minimizing off-farm inputs, to reduce the risk of importing contaminants. This development, which has received little attention from the organic... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Quality and evaluation of inputs; Regulation. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30522/1/OA%20regulations%202016%20Loes%20et%20al%20printed.pdf |
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| Hammelehle, Andreas; Oberson, Astrid; Lüscher, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Mayer, Jochen. |
| Aims Belowground legume nitrogen (N) composed of roots and rhizodeposition is an important N input to soils, but published data of belowground N vary broadly, probably due to extrapolation from short-term experiments and dissimilar growing conditions. We quantified belowground N inputs of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) during two consecutive years in a clover-grass sward along a soil nutrient availability gradient. Methods We established a red clover-perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) model sward in microplots located in field plots of the DOK experiment, which has a 33-year history of organic and conventional cropping, resulting in a soil nutrient availability gradient. Four treatments were examined: the zero fertilisation control, bio-organic... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34924/1/hammelehle-etal-2018-PlantSoil-Vol425-Issue1-2-p507-525.pdf |
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| Oberson, Astrid; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mayer, Jochen; Flura, Thomas; Mäder, Paul; Lüscher, Andreas. |
| Because of lower nitrogen (N) input it is assumed that organically cultivated legumes fix more N2 than legumes grown under conventional cropping. Using the natural 15N abundance method, we assessed symbiotic N2 fixation by white and red clover. The clover was growing in a grass-clover meadow installed as part of the crop rotation of a long term (30 years) field experiment. Dry matter yields were similar for organic and conventional meadows on plots fertilized at levels typical for the respective system, but organic meadows tended to higher clover yields. The proportion of N derived from atmosphere (Ndfa) in both clover species was on average 84%. It was not significantly affected by the cropping system. Because of more legumes, amounts of fixed N2... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14215/1/Oberson_14215.pdf |
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| Bosshard, Christine; Sorensen, Peter; Frossard, Emmanuel; Mayer, Jochen; Mäder, Paul; Nanzer, Simone; Oberson, Astrid. |
| Nitrogen (N) utilisation by crops has to be improved to minimize losses to the environment. We investigated N use efficiency of animal manure and mineral fertiliser and fate of fertiliser N not taken up by crops in a bio-organic (BIOORG) and a conventional (CONMIN) cropping system of a long-term experiment over three vegetation periods (wheat-soybean-maize). Microplots received a single application of 15N-labelled slurries or mineral fertiliser. At the end of each vegetation period we tested whether higher microbial activity and biomass in BIOORG than CONMIN soils and lower long-term N input level in BIOORG affected use efficiency and fate of fertiliser N not taken up by crops. In total 41%, 15% and 50% of 15N applied as urine, faeces and mineral... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/14392/1/Bosshard_14392.pdf |
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| Lemming, Camilla; Oberson, Astrid; Hund, Andreas; Stoumann Jensen, Lars; Magid, Jakob. |
| Background: Phosphorus recycling from waste and localised placement of fertilisers can be means to improve sustainable P management in agriculture. However, knowledge about root and plant P uptake responses to placement of complex waste- derived fertilisers is lacking. Methods: Sewage sludge (SS) and sewage sludge ash (ASH) were tested against triple superphosphate (TSP) in a rhizobox setup where shoot and root growth of maize was followed for 30 days. The three P sources were either mixed homogenously into the soil (labelled with 33P) or localised in a patch close to the seed. Results: While localised TSP and SS both increased root length density around the fertiliser patch, it was at the expense of the remaining root system and soil P uptake for SS.... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/29273/7/29273.pdf |
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| Langmeier, Monika; Frossard, Emmanuel; Kreuzer, Michael; Mäder, Paul; Dubois, David; Oberson, Astrid. |
| Nitrogen nutrition of plants in organic farming depends largely on animal manure. In a pot experiment the hypothesis was tested that on a long-term organically managed soil (ORG) characterized by higher soil microbial activity, a greater portion of N applied as cattle manure is mineralized and taken up by plants than on a conventionally managed soil that had received exclusively mineral fertilizers (MIN). Dry matter yields and N uptake by Italian ryegrass were higher by around 20% on ORG than MIN soil. The N utilization of 15N labeled animal manure components and mineralNdiffered little between ORG and MIN. The major part of the increasedNuptake on ORG compared with MIN was due to a significantly greater N supply from ORG soil. The increased capacity of... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Soil. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26768/1/Langmeier_et_al_2002_A.pdf |
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| Meyer, Gregor; Bünemann-König, Else; Frossard, Emmanuel; Maurhofer, Monika; Mäder, Paul; Oberson, Astrid. |
| Inoculation with phosphorus (P) solubilizing bacteria is being proposed to increase P availability for plants by mineralization and solubilization of non-available soil and fertilizer P. Solubilization of inorganic P compounds by bacterial strains has repeatedly been shown on agar plates and in liquid media. However, the effects of inoculation on P availability to plants growing in soils, either in pot or field studies, are inconsistent and do not allow to separate between direct effects on P availability and indirect effects such as improved plant health. This differentiation could be achieved using 33P isotopic labeling. We applied the 33P isotopic dilution method in a pot and in an incubation experiment to study gross P fluxes in a calcareous soil... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Soil. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30745/1/Meyer%20et%20al%202017.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 24 | |
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