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| Olivia, Susan; Gibson, John. |
| The proper design of price interventions requires consideration of equity and efficiency effects. In this paper, budget survey data from 29,000 Indonesian households are used to estimate a demand system for five energy sources, which is identified by the spatial variation in unit values (expenditures divided by quantities). We correct for the various quality and measurement error biases that result when unit values are used as proxies for market prices. The price elasticities are combined with tax and subsidy rates to calculate the marginal social cost of price changes for each item. The results suggest that even at high levels of inequality aversion there is a strong case for reducing the large subsidies on gasoline and kerosene, supporting the reforms... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand elasticities; Energy; Fuels; Subsidies; Unit Values; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D12; Q31. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25745 |
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| Olivia, Susan; Gibson, John. |
| Indonesia is an emerging market for beef and cattle exports so estimates of income and price elasticities may help analysts predict future demands. In contrast to developed countries, where meat demand studies often use aggregate data, Indonesian studies rely on household surveys, with unit values (ratios of expenditures to quantities) used instead of market prices. Elasticities estimated from unit values can be subject to various quality and measurement error biases. In this paper, data from 29,000 households on Java are used to estimate a demand system for beef, chicken and other meat groups, and the extent of bias from commonly used estimation strategies is evaluated. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; D12; Q11. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58195 |
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| Olivia, Susan; Gibson, John. |
| There is growing interest in the rural non-farm sector in developing countries as a contributor to economic growth, employment generation, livelihood diversification and poverty reduction. Access to infrastructure is identified in some studies as a factor that affects non-farm rural employment and income but less attention has been paid to the constraints imposed by poor quality infrastructure. In this paper we use data from 4000 households in rural Indonesia to show that the quality of two key types of infrastructure – roads and electricity – affects both employment in and income from non-farm enterprises. It appears that there would be gains from development strategies that improve both the access to and the quality of rural infrastructure. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Infrastructure; Non-farm employment; Indonesia; Public Economics; H54; 017. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49919 |
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| Olivia, Susan; Gibson, John; Smith, Aaron D.; Rozelle, Scott; Deng, Xiangzheng. |
| Poverty maps provide information on the spatial distribution of welfare and can predict poverty levels for small geographic units like counties and townships. Typically regression methods are used to estimate coefficients from the detailed information in household surveys, which are then applied to the more extensive coverage of a census. One problem with standard regression techniques is that they do not take into account the ‗spatial dependencies‘ that often exist in the data. Ignoring spatial autocorrelation in the regression providing the coefficient estimates could lead to misleading predictions of poverty, and estimates of standard errors. Household survey data usually lack exact measures of location so it is not possible to fully account for this... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: China; Poverty; Small Area Estimation; Survey Methods; Spatial Models. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47651 |
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