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| Registros recuperados: 16 | |
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| Place, Frank; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This paper uses cross section-time series data on 57 communities in Malawi to determine statistically the factors determining changes in land use, tree cover, and crop yield. The econometric model is developed from a theoretical model which also endogenizes population growth and prevailing land tenure institutions within the customary sector of Malawi. The analysis reflects changes between 1971 and 1995, utilizing aerial photos taken at these dates and complementing these with field surveys. The data show a deterioration of Malawi's natural resource base: declining yields, loss of tree cover, and near exhaustion of land for agricultural expansion. Key findings are that population pressure induces land conversion but not yield or tree cover change; the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16070 |
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| Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This research was supported by the Government of Japan, the United Kingdom's Department for International Development, and the United States Agency for International Development, Office of Women in Development, Grant No. FAO-0100-G- 00-5020-00, on "Strengthening Development Policy through Gender Analysis: An Integrated Multicountry Research Program." We would like to thank S. Suyanto and Novi Khususiyah for implementing the inheritance survey in Western Sumatra, Ellen Payongayong for excellent research assistance, and Jonna Estudillo and seminar participants at IFPRI and Syracuse University for helpful comments. All errors and omissions are ours. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50054 |
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| Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| How do women's land rights change as customary tenure systems give way to individualized land tenure? While the individualization of land rights creates incentives for poor farmers in marginal areas to adopt agroforestry, not much is known about its impact on women's land rights. Land, Trees, and Women examines the evolution of customary land tenure institutions in areas of Western Ghana and Western Sumatra where traditional matrilineal inheritance systems have been changing. In these two areas, the authors find that individualization of land tenure has contributed to both increased gender equity and greater efficiency in agroforestry management. While property rights institutions are moving toward providing proper incentives for efficient natural resource... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16536 |
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| Suyanto, S.; Tomich, Thomas P.; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This study attempts to identify the impacts of land tenure institutions on the efficiency of farm management based on a case study of lowland paddy (rice) and upland cinnamon production in customary land areas of Sumatra. While the traditional joint‐family ownership system is found to exist in paddy land, more individualised ownership systems are widely observed in upland areas. Yet, we found no statistical evidence that residual profit per unit of land is affected by land tenure institutions in either the lowlands or uplands, indicating that the prevailing land tenure institutions are equally conducive to efficient farm management. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117474 |
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| Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Payongayong, Ellen M.; Aidoo, J.B.; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This study explores the impact of changes in land tenure institutions on women's land rights and the efficiency of tree resource management in Western Ghana. We find that customary land tenure institutions have evolved toward individualized systems to provide incentives to invest in tree planting. However, contrary to the common belief that individualization of land tenure weakens women's land rights, these have been strengthened through inter vivos gifts and the practice of the Intestate Succession Law. Investment in tree planting, in turn, is affected not simply by the level of land tenure security, but also by its expected changes, as tree planting strengthens land tenure security. Cocoa yields are lower on allocated family land and rented land under... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94854 |
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| Place, Frank; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This study uses aerial photographs and survey data from sixty four parishes in east-central Uganda to identify the factors affecting conversion of woodlands and traditional grazing areas to agriculture. Regression analysis shows that customary land tenure institutions, greater population pressure and poor access to markets are significant causes of land conversion to agriculture, and hence to loss of trees. Private ownership of converted land promotes greater integration of trees and crops and leads to the highest density of trees on agricultural land. Given that continuing population growth will lead to further land conversion to agriculture, the best prospect for maintaining or increasing tree populations lies with agroforestry on cultivated land. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16097 |
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| Otsuka, Keijiro; Suyanto, S.; Tomich, Thomas P.. |
| It is widely believed that land tenure insecurity under a customary tenure system leads to socially inefficient resource allocation. This article demonstrates that land tenure insecurity promotes tree planting, which is inefficient from the private point of view but could be relatively efficient from the viewpoint of the global environment. Regression analysis, based on primary data collected in Sumatra, indicates that tenure insecurity in fact leads to early tree planting. It is also found that customary land tenure institutions have been evolving towards greater tenure security responding to increasing scarcity of land. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16067 |
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| Place, Frank; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This paper examines the effects of tenure on tree management at a community level. First, several important conceptual issues arising from this particular meso-level focus are discussed. Second, a description of the key tenure and tree management issues in Uganda and Malawi is presented. In each case, data representing changes in land use and tree cover between the 1960–70s and 1990s are analyzed. In both countries, there has been significant conversion of land from woodlands to agriculture. Tree cover has been more or less maintained over time in Uganda but has decreased in Malawi. Lastly, the paper explores the relationships between tenure and tree management using econometric techniques. Tenure is found to be linked to land-use and tree-cover change in... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55435 |
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| Registros recuperados: 16 | |
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