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| Peri, Giovanni; Cunat, Alejandro. |
| The extremely large disparities in employment rates across Italian regions, and the bad performance of the Italian economy in terms of job creation in the 80´s and early 90´s make job creation a top-priority in the economic policy agenda. This paper uses data on employment from 784 Local Labor Systems (LLS´s) covering the whole Italian territory to analyze job creation and its covariates for the 1981-1996 period. Local agglomeration economies, in particular input-output linkages, social characteristics, in particular the crime rate, and infrastructure growth are found to be important determinants of employment growth across Italian LLS´s. Using these estimates and data relative to 1996, we assess the potential for job creation in the LLS´s for the next... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Local Agglomeration Economies; Employment Growth; Italian Regions; Labor and Human Capital; R0; R3; O1. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26385 |
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| D’Amuri, Francesco; Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.; Peri, Giovanni. |
| We adopt a general equilibrium approach in order to measure the effects of recent immigration on the Western German labor market, looking at both wage and employment effects. Using the Regional File of the IAB Employment Subsample for the period 1987-2001, we find that the substantial immigration of the 1990’s had no adverse effects on native wages and employment levels. It had instead adverse employment and wage effects on previous waves of immigrants. This stems from the fact that, after controlling for education and experience levels, native and migrant workers appear to be imperfect substitutes whereas new and old immigrants exhibit perfect substitutability. Our analysis suggests that if the German labor market were as ‘flexible’ as the UK labor... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Immigration; Skill Complementarities; Employment; Wages; Labor and Human Capital; E24; F22; J61; J31. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6384 |
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| Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.; Peri, Giovanni; Wright, Greg C.. |
| How many "American jobs" have U.S.-born workers lost due to immigration and offshoring? Or, alternatively, is it possible that immigration and offshoring, by promoting cost-savings and enhanced efficiency in firms, have spurred the creation of jobs for U.S. natives? We consider a multi-sector version of the Grossman and Rossi-Hansberg (2008) model with a continuum of tasks in each sector and we augment it to include immigrants with heterogeneous productivity in tasks. We use this model to jointly analyze the impact of a reduction in the costs of offshoring and of the costs of immigrating to the U.S. The model predicts that while cheaper offshoring reduces the share of natives among less skilled workers, cheaper immigration does not, but rather reduces the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Employment; Production tasks; Immigrants; Offshoring; Labor and Human Capital; F22; F23; J24; J61. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98462 |
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| Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.; Peri, Giovanni. |
| The standard empirical analysis of immigration, based on a simple labor demand and labor supply framework, has emphasized the negative impact of foreign born workers on the average wage of U.S.-born workers (particularly of those without a high school degree). A precise assessment of the average and relative effects of immigrants on U.S. wages, however, needs to consider labor as a differentiated input in production. Workers of different educational and experience levels are employed in different occupations and are therefore imperfectly substitutable. When taking this approach, one realizes that foreign-born workers are complements of U.S.-born workers in two ways. First, foreign-born residents are relatively abundant in the educational groups in which... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12073 |
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