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| Registros recuperados: 24 | |
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| Jayne, Thomas S.; Villarrea, Marcela; Pingali, Prabhu L.; Hemrich, Gunter. |
| This paper draws upon development economics theory, demographic projections, and empirical evidence to consider the likely consequences of the HIV/AIDS pandemic for the agricultural sector of the hardest-hit countries of Eastern and Southern Africa. We identify four processes that have been underemphasized in previous analysis: 1) the momentum of long-term population growth rates; 2) substantial underemployment in these countries’ informal sectors; 3) steady declines in land-to-person ratios in the smallholder farming sectors; and 4) effects of food and input marketing reforms on shifts in cropping patterns. The paper concludes that the conventional wisdom encouraging prioritisation of labour-saving technology or crops has been over-generalised, although... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110133 |
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| Pingali, Prabhu L.. |
| This paper re-visits the age old proposition that agriculture growth contributes to overall economic development, and asks whether the relationship still holds in an increasingly globalized world. There is overwhelming empirical support for the above proposition, indeed, it is hard to find exceptions, barring a few city states, where sustained economic development has not been preceded by robust agricultural growth. However, there are a large number of countries that have witnessed neither agricultural growth nor economic development. Even in countries where agricultural growth has been significant, dramatic inter-regional differences persist. This paper examines the factors that contribute to or constrain the process of agricultural transformation. Does... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25429 |
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| Pingali, Prabhu L.; Gerpacio, Roberta V.. |
| Several opportunities are available for dramatically reducing the use of agrochemicals in Asian cereal crop production. The first section of this paper summarizes past trends and future prospects for pesticide use in Asia for the three major cereal crops: rice, wheat, and maize. The second section identifies factors that have contributed to rising farm-level demand for pesticides and factors that could lead to a reduction in their demand. The third section highlights the advances that have been made in generating and disseminating cereal crops with resistance to insects and diseases. It focuses on conventional breeding strategies for host-plant resistance as well as the current and potential contributions of biotechnology. Pesticide productivity, yield... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7672 |
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| Pingali, Prabhu L.. |
| This report has four parts. The first part focuses on the changing environment in which the international wheat research system functions in developing countries. The authors describe recent trends in developing country wheat production against projected demand for wheat. Next, they present strategies for increasing productivity in favored and less favored wheat production environments. Part 1 concludes with a discussion of how emerging trends and policies, such as intellectual property protection and market liberalization, are likely to affect the global wheat research system and exchange of germplasm. Part 2 of the report presents new information on the historical impact of the international wheat improvement system, including information on the role of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Production Economics; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23726 |
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| Traxler, Greg; Pingali, Prabhu L.. |
| Investments over the past 35 years have created a system of national and international research centers that has revolutionized the supply of improved cereal varieties to developing country farmers. The newly created scientific ability to exploit genetic resources has been the engine of productivity growth in much of world agriculture. But the success that has been attained in building research institutions has not touched all countries or farmers, nor can it be considered permanent. The financial and political environment of the past decade has halted the expansion of agricultural research capacity and the scarcity of research resources and evolving world intellectual property rights (IPR) regimes complicates the search for stable arrangements for... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7668 |
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| Pingali, Prabhu L.. |
| Rapid economic and income growth, urbanization, and globalization are leading to a dramatic shift of Asian diets away from staples and increasingly towards livestock and dairy products, vegetables and fruit, and fats and oils. While the diversification of diets away from the traditional dominance of rice with rising incomes is expected and observed, current food consumption patterns are showing signs of convergence towards a Western diet. Globalization and the consequent global interconnectedness of the urban middle class, is the driving force behind the convergence of diets. The rapid spread of global supermarket chains and fast food restaurants are reinforcing the above trends. The following six key stylised facts characterize the changes in food... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23795 |
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| Pingali, Prabhu L.; Khwaja, Yasmeen. |
| This paper examines the change in the nature of food demand in India in the last twenty years. It identifies two distinct stages of diet transition associated with the period of economic growth. During the first stage, income-induced diet diversification, consumers move away from inferior goods to superior foods and substitute some traditional staples, especially rice. In the second stage, diet globalisation, the influences of globalisation are much more marked with increased consumption of proteins, sugars and fats. Diet diversification has marked the process of transformation in food production systems. The implications for small and marginal farmers could be serious, unless there are incentives and policies that allow them to move away from subsistence... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: India; Globalization; Diet Transformation; Food Supply; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; F02; Q18. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23796 |
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| Registros recuperados: 24 | |
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