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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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| Njuki, Jemimah M.; Kihiyo, V.B.M.; O'Ktingati, A.; Place, Frank. |
| This study was carried out in an agroforestry farming system in the central highlands of Kenya. The purpose of the study was to compare the productivity and technical efficiency of male and female managed farms. The study also sought to investigate the sources of differences in the Total Value Product and the technical efficiency of farms. Using a female dummy, the study found no evidence of differences in total value product between male and female managed farms. Male managed farms were however more technically efficient than female managed farms. The highest proportion of farms in the lowest bracket of efficiency levels was female managed farms. The total value product was found to be positively affected by age of the farmer, female labour and inputs... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25693 |
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| Kariuki, Gatarwa; Place, Frank. |
| Dimensions of the nature, scope, and complexity of collective action in Kenya have evolved over many years. In studying collective action, the aim is to understand why and how people participate in networks of trust. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different objectives that farmers pursue through collective action with the aim of understanding the patterns of people’s participation in collective action, identify factors that influence people to join groups, and identify the costs and benefits of participating in activities of groups. The study was carried out in four sites spread across the highlands of central Kenya. Data was collected from a total of 442 households, focusing on whether members of those households belonged to groups and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Kenya; Groups; Gender; Assets; Institutions; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42487 |
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| Place, Frank; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This paper uses cross section-time series data on 57 communities in Malawi to determine statistically the factors determining changes in land use, tree cover, and crop yield. The econometric model is developed from a theoretical model which also endogenizes population growth and prevailing land tenure institutions within the customary sector of Malawi. The analysis reflects changes between 1971 and 1995, utilizing aerial photos taken at these dates and complementing these with field surveys. The data show a deterioration of Malawi's natural resource base: declining yields, loss of tree cover, and near exhaustion of land for agricultural expansion. Key findings are that population pressure induces land conversion but not yield or tree cover change; the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16070 |
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| Benin, Samuel; Place, Frank; Nkonya, Ephraim M.; Pender, John L.. |
| Land markets, including land sales and short-term land rentals, have an important role to play for efficient and sustainable land management and agricultural development, especially where markets for other factors of production are imperfect or missing. This study utilises data from the highlands of Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda to examine the impact of land markets on various types of land investment and management practices, crop yield, and land quality. The results highlight the relative long-term versus short-term return to different types of investment and practices, where those with longer-term benefits such as trees, manuring, and composting are preferred on more tenure-secure plots, while those with immediate or season-to-season benefits such as... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land markets; Land investment and management; Land use efficiency; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25645 |
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| Place, Frank; Franzel, Steven Charles; Noordin, Qureish; Jama, Bashir. |
| This case study explores the development, dissemination, adoption, and impact of improved tree fallows in rural western Kenya. The processes of technology development and dissemination throughout the region are described and analyzed. To analyze adoption and impact, the paper applies a variety of different data collection methods as well as samples from both pilot areas where researchers maintained a significant presence and non-pilot areas where farmers learned of the technologies through other channels. Sample sizes for the quantitative analysis ranged from almost 2,000 households for measuring the adoption process to just over 100 households for measuring impact indicators. Qualitative methods included long-term case studies for 40 households and focus... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Soil fertility; Kenya; Adoption; Impact; Technology; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16054 |
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| Place, Frank; Adato, Michelle; Hebinck, Paul; Omosa, Mary. |
| For decades, there has been significant investment in the development of agricultural technologies that aim to increase productivity of smallholder farms in Africa. At a macro-level, however, farm output and productivity have stagnated and poverty rates have remained stubbornly high, even increasing in some areas. It is widely acknowledged that policy and infrastructural constraints play a large role in reducing incentives for farmers to invest in agriculture. Yet the fact that farmers have made some investments and that some progress has occurred suggests that characteristics of the technologies themselves, or the way in which they are promoted, also facilitate or inhibit wider adoption and impact. This research report, part of a set of studies on the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Soil fertility; Kenya; Agroforestry extension; Agroforestry projects; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37888 |
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| Pender, John L.; Place, Frank; Ehui, Simeon K.. |
| Low agricultural productivity, land degradation and poverty are severe interrelated problems in the East African highlands. While the proximate causes of such problems are relatively well known, the underlying causes are many and complex, and depend upon many site-specific factors that vary greatly across the diverse circumstances of the region. Thus, no “one-size-fits-all” policy, institutional or technology strategy is likely to suffice to generate sustainable development. While common elements of successful strategies to exist, such as security and macroeconomic stability, the appropriate portfolio of investments in physical, human, natural and social capital will likely be different in different circumstances. In this paper, we argue that the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16061 |
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| Place, Frank; Swallow, Brent M.. |
| Studies of the relationships between property rights and technology adoption are complicated in several respects. First, there are challenges involved in defining and measuring property rights and tenure security. Second, there are several different valid purposes for undertaking such studies and each purpose may require a different approach. Third, there are a number of difficult theoretical and empirical issues involved in such studies, particularly in defining technology, identifying key dimensions of property rights, and accounting for the endogeneous determination of property rights. Through a synthesis and evaluation of previous studies, this paper identifies key issues and develops guidelines for conducting research on the relationships between... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55438 |
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| Bamwerinde, W.; Bashaasha, Bernard; Ssembajjwe, W.; Place, Frank. |
| We use a multinominal logit model to examine the determinants of plot abandonment (unintentional fallows) and long fallows (intentional fallows) in order to propose policy interventions that lead to optimal and sustainable management of land use systems in Kigezi highlands. Household factors such as age, and post primary education positively influenced farmers' decision to abandon plots. Therefore, more fallows and abandoned terraces were common with older farmers compared to younger ones. However, farm size and household type had no significant influence on abandonment of plots. Plot variables such as slope and plot distance had the expected positive signs while soil fertility had a significant negative sign as predicted. Two types of interventions are... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Abandoned terraces; Land use; Kigezi Highlands; Multinominal logit; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25298 |
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| Place, Frank; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This study uses aerial photographs and survey data from sixty four parishes in east-central Uganda to identify the factors affecting conversion of woodlands and traditional grazing areas to agriculture. Regression analysis shows that customary land tenure institutions, greater population pressure and poor access to markets are significant causes of land conversion to agriculture, and hence to loss of trees. Private ownership of converted land promotes greater integration of trees and crops and leads to the highest density of trees on agricultural land. Given that continuing population growth will lead to further land conversion to agriculture, the best prospect for maintaining or increasing tree populations lies with agroforestry on cultivated land. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16097 |
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| Place, Frank; Otsuka, Keijiro. |
| This paper examines the effects of tenure on tree management at a community level. First, several important conceptual issues arising from this particular meso-level focus are discussed. Second, a description of the key tenure and tree management issues in Uganda and Malawi is presented. In each case, data representing changes in land use and tree cover between the 1960–70s and 1990s are analyzed. In both countries, there has been significant conversion of land from woodlands to agriculture. Tree cover has been more or less maintained over time in Uganda but has decreased in Malawi. Lastly, the paper explores the relationships between tenure and tree management using econometric techniques. Tenure is found to be linked to land-use and tree-cover change in... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55435 |
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| Kwesiga, Freddie; Franzel, Steven Charles; Mafongoya, Paramu; Ajayi, Olu Clifford; Phiri, Donald; Katanga, Roza; Kuntashula, Elias; Place, Frank; Chirwa, Teddy. |
| The decline in soil fertility in smallholder systems is a major factor inhibiting equitable development in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Some areas fallow in order to strength soil fertility for later planting, but as populations increase, demand follows. and continuous cropping becomes the norm and there is a reduction in yields. This case study summarizes the development of improved tree fallows by researchers and farmers in eastern Zambia to help solve the problem of poor soil fertility. Many farmers are finding that by using improved fallows, they can substitute relatively small amounts of land and labor for cash, which they would need to buy mineral fertilizer. The study has three phases: the historical background (phase 1); an assessment of problems,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Fallows; Crop yields; Soil fertility; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59247 |
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| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
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