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| Registros recuperados: 38 | |
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| Qaim, Matin; Stein, Alexander J.; Meenakshi, J.V.. |
| Micronutrient malnutrition affects billions of people world-wide, causing serious health problems. Different micronutrient interventions are currently being used, but their overall coverage is relatively limited. Biofortification that is, breeding staple food crops for higher micronutrient contents has been proposed as a new agriculture-based approach. Yet, as biofortified crops are still under development, relatively little is known about their economic impacts and wider ramifications. In this article, the main factors that will influence their future success are discussed, and a methodology for economic impact assessment is presented, combining agricultural, nutrition, and health aspects. Ex ante studies from India and other developing countries... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Micronutrient malnutrition; Public health; Biofortification; Agricultural technology; Impact analysis; Developing countries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I1; I3; O1; O3; Q1. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25584 |
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| Stein, Alexander J.; Meenakshi, J.V.; Qaim, Matin; Nestel, Penelope; Sachdev, H.P.S.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.. |
| Hunger is acknowledged to impose a heavy burden on humankind with severe negative health consequences. Micronutrient malnutrition, or "hidden hunger", is an even more widespread problem, to which economic development and income growth alone are not expected to provide a solution any time soon. Existing micronutrient interventions like pharmaceutical supplementation or industrial fortification have their limitations and can be complemented by a new approach: breeding food crops for higher micronutrient densities. Knowledge about the cost-effectiveness of this new tool, also termed biofortification, is scarce. In this study, a framework for economic impact analysis is developed, which is then used for evaluation of iron-rich rice and wheat in India. Health... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19468 |
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| Qaim, Matin; de Janvry, Alain. |
| Unlike several other countries, where Bt cotton is being rapidly adopted, in Argentina technology diffusion has been rather slow. Based on recent survey data, it is shown that the technology significantly reduces insecticide applications and increases yields; however, these advantages are curbed by the high price charged for genetically modified seeds. Using the contingent valuation method, it is shown that farmer's average willingness to pay for Bt cotton is less than half the actual market price. A lower price would not only increase benefits for cotton growers, but could also multiply the profits of the monopoly seed producer, thus resulting in a Pareto improvement. Implications of the sub-optimal pricing strategy are discussed. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19710 |
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| Honicke, Mireille; Ecker, Olivier; Qaim, Matin; Weinberger, Katinka. |
| Micronutrient malnutrition is a public health problem in many regions of the developing world. Severe vitamin A and iron deficiencies are of particular concern due to their high prevalence and their serious, multiple health effects on humans. This paper examines dietary patterns and nutrient intakes, as well as their socioeconomic determinants among households in the Philippines. Since promotion of indigenous vegetables is often considered as an avenue to reduce micronutrient malnutrition, special emphasis is placed on analyzing the contribution of this particular food group to household vitamin A and iron intakes. We use a sample consisting of 172 resource-poor households located in peri-urban areas of Laguna Province. A 24-hour food consumption recall... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8533 |
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| Krishna, Vijesh V.; Qaim, Matin. |
| The primary focus of the study is the changes that occurred in the pesticide-use structure of cotton production sector of India, owing to the diffusion of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) technology. Studies from different countries show that transgenic Bt crops can reduce chemical pesticide use with positive economic, environmental, and health effects. However, most of these studies build on cross-section survey data, so that longer term effects are uncertain. Bt resistance and secondary pest outbreaks may potentially reduce or eliminate the benefits over time, especially in developing countries where refuge strategies are often not implemented. Here, data from a unique panel survey of cotton farmers, conducted in India between 2002 and 2008, show that the Bt... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114696 |
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| Basu, Arnab K.; Qaim, Matin. |
| This paper considers genetically modified (GM) seed adoption decisions by farmers in a developing country under two alternative information regimes (with and without perfect information regarding production conditions) that allows the monopolist producer of GM seeds to either practice perfect discrimination or uniform pricing. Under each regime we analyze two scenarios: when the government can and cannot credibly commit to the announced form of welfare enhancing intervention in the domestic seed market. We show that the optimal policy under either information regime is to subsidize the price of conventional seeds. The optimal size of the conventional seed subsidy depends systematically, in turn, on the (i) marginal cost of GM and conventional seeds, (ii)... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7115 |
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| Stein, Alexander J.; Qaim, Matin; Meenakshi, J.V.; Nestel, Penelope; Sachdev, H.P.S.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.. |
| Iron deficiency is a widespread nutritional problem in developing countries, causing impaired physical activity and cognitive development, as well as maternal mortality. Although food fortification and supplementation programmes have been effective in some countries, their overall success remains limited. Biofortification, that is, breeding crops for higher micronutrient content, is a relatively new approach. We propose a methodology for ex-ante impact assessment of iron biofortification, which builds on disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and a large household data set. Our analysis of iron-rich rice and wheat in India indicates sizeable potential health benefits. The cost-effectiveness of iron biofortification compares favourably with other... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Biofortification; Plant breeding; Iron deficiency anaemia; Health benefits; DALYs; Cost-effectiveness; Cost-benefit analysis; India; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; I120; I180; I310; O150; O220; O330; Q180.. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8536 |
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| Zimmermann, Roukayatou; Qaim, Matin. |
| Golden Rice has been genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene in the endosperm of the grain. It could improve the vitamin A status of deficient food consumers, especially women and children in the developing world. This paper analyses the potential impacts in a Philippine context. Since the technology is still at the stage of R&D, benefits are simulated within a scenario approach. The health effects are quantified using the methodology of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Golden Rice will not completely eliminate the problems of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness or increased mortality rates. So it should be seen as a complement rather than a substitute for alternative interventions. Yet, the technology will reduce related health... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18753 |
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| Registros recuperados: 38 | |
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