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| Registros recuperados: 96 | |
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| Vinyes, Cristina; Roe, Terry L.. |
| Disenchantment with the Washington Consensus has led to an emphasis on growth diagnostics. In the case of Brazil, the literature suggests three main factors impeding growth: low domestic savings, a shortage of skilled workers, and lack of investment in the country’s transportation infrastructure. The unique contribution of this study is to show the inter-temporal implications of relaxing these constraints. We fit a multi-sector Ramsey model to Brazilian data, validate its fit to times data, and provide empirical insights into the economy’s structural transformation to long-run equilibrium. Then, the sensitivity of these results to relaxing each of these three constraints is investigated in a manner that yields the same long-run level of well- being.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Ramsey; Growth diagnostics; International Development; O11; O41; O54; D58. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56502 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Elbehri, Aziz; Gehlhar, Mark J.; Gibson, Paul R.; Leetmaa, Susan E.; Mitchell, Lorraine; Nelson, Frederick J.; Nimon, R. Wesley; Normile, Mary Anne; Roe, Terry L.; Shapouri, Shahla; Skully, David W.; Smith, Mark; Somwaru, Agapi; Trueblood, Michael A.; Tsigas, Marinos E.; Wainio, John; Whitley, Daniel B.; Young, C. Edwin. |
| Agricultural trade barriers and producer subsidies inflict real costs, both on the countries that use these policies and on their trade partners. Trade barriers lower demand for trade partners' products, domestic subsidies can induce an oversupply of agricultural products which depresses world prices, and export subsidies create increased competition for producers in other countries. Eliminating global agricultural policy distortions would result in an annual world welfare gain of $56 billion. High protection for agricultural commodities in the form of tariffs continues to be the major factor restricting world trade. In 2000, World Trade Organization (WTO) members continued global negotiations on agricultural policy reform. To help policymakers and others... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34015 |
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| Moledina, Amyaz A.; Roe, Terry L.. |
| As growth in world trade outpaces the growth in world Gross Domestic Product (GDP), economies are becoming ever more linked through world markets (Helpman, 1998). It is evident that U.S. agriculture is also becoming increasingly affected by changes or economic shocks in world markets and that this response is conditional on the response of other sectors with which it must compete for economy-wide resources. This paper links the U.S. agricultural sector with its bilateral trading partners by deriving "shock transmission functions". These functions link the direct effects of world economic shocks to the price of four U.S. (export) commodities namely meat, dairy, grains and crops. We derive a price equation that is a function of the product of income... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21751 |
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| Mohtadi, Hamid; Roe, Terry L.. |
| Does democratization imply faster growth, less corruption and less inefficiency? Past studies yield ambiguous results on the effects of democracy on economic performance and growth. We develop a simple two-sector endogenous growth model that shows both very young and mature democracies grow faster than countries in mid stages of democratization, producing a 'U' effect. This effect results from the pattern of rent seeking as it diverts from the provision of public goods. Rent-seekers act as monopolistic competitors. Initially, more democracy increases their number, raising aggregate rents. However, rents per rent-seeker fall with the number of rent seekers, aggregate rents fall in mature democracies. Thus, rents show an 'inverted-U' effects in relation to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Political Economy. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12981 |
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| Irz, Xavier T.; Roe, Terry L.. |
| This paper develops a two-sector growth model incorporating the essential distinguishing features of agriculture, including the reliance of production on a natural resource base as well as on industrially produced inputs, the low income elasticity of demand for food and the life-sustaining function of food consumption. In this framework, the ability of an economy to supply an adequate supply of food to a growing population can be related to the existence of a steady state. This property is used to define a simple analytical criterion upon which to assess the long-term food situation of a closed economy. This sustainability condition relates all the dynamic parameters of the economy: rates of technological change in the two sectors, rate of population... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54213 |
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| Roe, Terry L.; Mohtadi, Hamid. |
| The role of international trade in the new growth theory is investigated from several perspectives. Following a historical outline and a brief analytical sketch of the R&D based models, the results from fitting three structural models to data are presented. Results show the relative impacts on growth from trade and R&D based policies including technological spillovers from trade. The mechanism of inter-sectoral adjustments to the long-run growth path are also discussed. Results from selected econometric studies are reviewed. With emphasis on agriculture, this includes evidence of technological spillovers from trade, the effect of R&D expenditures on growth in total factor productivity, and the extent to which the stock of technological... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Endogenous Growth; Trade; Technological Spillovers; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21536 |
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| Gerrard, Chris; Roe, Terry L.. |
| The paper is organized into six major sections. Background and trends in agricultural production and trade are presented in Section II. The extent of government intervention in food grain production and trade is described in Section III. This provides a foundation for Section IV where the behavioral equations for defining government intervention in food grain markets are specified. These equations, along with the retail demand and farm level supply equations, yield six equations in six endogenous variables for each of the food grain crops, maize, wheat and rice. It is shown in Section V that the model provides a good fit to the data. In the concluding sections, simulations are performed to obtain insights into the effect on and motivation for government... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 1981 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13813 |
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| Mohtadi, Hamid; Roe, Terry L.. |
| A simple two-sector endogenous growth model of government spending and growth is developed with a producing and a lobbying sector. Lobbyists divert government spending for private gains. One key innovation is this: With democratization, information (and power) becomes more diffused (public), allowing more lobbyists to lobby but reducing gains per lobbyist. Thus, aggregate rents rise with the number of lobbyists but fall with increasing competition among them. This simple mechanism produces a "U" curve in which growth falls with early democratization but rises later, and a related "inverted U" curve in which rents rise with early democratization but fall later. Extensive empirical test of the interrelationship between growth, government spending,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Political Economy. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7485 |
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| Antonovitz, Frances; Roe, Terry L.. |
| The theory of the competitive firm under price uncertainty is used to develop a money metric of a producer's willingness to pay for additional information. This concept is extended to the market by formulating ex-ante and ex-post measures of the value of a rational expectations forecast. The empirical feasibility of these measures are demonstrated by application to a simple two equation model of an agricultural market. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marketing. |
| Ano: 1984 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13467 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Roe, Terry L.. |
| The effects of environment on trade and welfare are analyzed in a modified Heckscher-Ohlin framework using a quasi-homothetic preferences to account for differences in countries' expenditure shares on health. Three types of pollution, local-disembodied, global-disembodied and embodied, result as a by-product of inputs used in production. For each case, the Walrasian, Pareto optimal and the Regulators' problem are analyzed. The optimal tax is shown to improve each country's welfare if the country is small in the world market. Otherwise, changes in the terms of trade may cause one country to be made better off at the expense of the other. Interdependence for the global-disembodied case is explored using a one-shot Nash game. For the embodied pollution,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7517 |
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| Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta; Roe, Terry L.; Smith, Rodney B.W.. |
| This study investigates whether HIV prevalence rates impact TFP growth. We construct a panel of data on general macroeconomic indicators and HIV prevalence rates for over 100 countries, for the years 1994 through 2002, and estimate the impact of HIV on TFP growth rates for each country. We find that HIV can have a large negative impact on factor productivity growth in Southern African countries. For example, factor productivity growth in Lesotho falls by up to 23%, and for South Africa factor productivity growth falls by up to 15%. We then investigate the potential impact of the disease on the economic growth of Lesotho and South Africa. This is accomplished by calibrating a single sector, neoclassical model of economic growth with endogenous savings to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy; International Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12976 |
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| Registros recuperados: 96 | |
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