|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
|
|
| Kaiser, Brooks A.; Burnett, Kimberly M.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Once established, invasive species can rapidly and irreversibly alter ecosystems and degrade the value of ecosystem services. Optimal control of an exotic pest solves for a trajectory of removals that minimizes the present value of removal costs and residual damages from the remaining pest population. The shrubby tree, Miconia calvescens, is used to illustrate dynamic policy options for a forest invader. Potential damages to Hawaii's forest ecosystems are related to decreased aquifer recharge, biodiversity, and other ecosystem values. We find that population reduction is the optimal management policy for the islands of Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii. On the island of Kauai, where tree density is lower and search costs higher, optimal policy calls for deferring... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21301 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| James, William E.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Substantial variations in landowner's share under sharecropping arrangements are documented. Partial relationships between landowner's share and land quality and between landowner's share and physiological population density are explained by extensions of the competitive theory of share tenancy. It is shown that high landowner's share can be expected to be associated with high land quality and or high physiological density. The tendency for increases in population to be associated with increases in landlords' shares can be ameliorated by land-saving technological change. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1979 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22806 |
| |
|
|
| Pitafi, Basharat A.K.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Proposals for marginal cost water pricing have often been found to be politically infeasible because current users will have to pay a higher price even though future users will be better off. We show how efficiency pricing can be rendered Pareto-improving, and thus politically feasible, by compensating the users suffering a loss due to higher prices. We also provide a method for determining efficient spatial and inter-temporal water management for a system with consumption at significantly different elevations supplied from a renewable coastal aquifer, which is subject to salinity if over-extracted. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20022 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Pitafi, Basharat A.K.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Many places, including the island of Oahu in Hawaii, have a number of groundwater aquifers. Consumers located in one aquifer area can be supplied from water extracted and transported from another aquifer if this results in cost savings over local extraction. Incorporating such interdistrict transport is necessary for a fully efficient allocation framework. We derive efficient water management and pricing plans for two of the four aquifer zones in the Central Oahu corridor, taking into account the possibility of inter-district water trade. Efficient management requires not only intertemporal efficiency within zones but also spatial efficiency between zones, where water is transferred from one zone to the next if, without the transfer, the intertemporal... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21473 |
| |
|
|
| Pitafi, Basharat A.K.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Several authors have argued that the second-best environmental tax on a "dirty good" is less than the marginal emission damage associated with its consumption. These studies limit their analysis to cases in which emissions can only be reduced by a proportional reduction of the "dirty" good. With a more general specification of technology that allows emissions to be directly as well as indirectly taxed, we show that the direct emission tax cannot be less than its marginal emission damage, regardless of the normalization. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19693 |
| |
|
|
| Roumasset, James A.. |
| The history of thought in the field of Economic Development and corresponding development programs have gone through a series of identifiable phases. Phases of theory and praxis in Agricultural Development are likewise compared. In both cases, there is an apparent lost opportunity to learn the lessons of past failures and successes before moving to the next fad. After reviewing several policy and program areas, a few lessons are synthesized, a forward-looking research framework suggested, and the appropriate role of foreign aid discussed. A particular theme of interest is the balance in thinking and programs between social engineering and facilitation of economic cooperation. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Development. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25598 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Rosegrant, Mark W.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| The sources of production risk are many and diverse in nature. Estimating risk as a black box, without explicit recognition of its sources, can lead to inferior estimates of optimal inputs under risk aversion. In this paper, a method is presented for estimating production functions with measurable stochastic inputs and for generating the parameters of the probability distributions of yield for various environments and input levels. Based on this method, it appears that moderate risk aversion can account for a 6.7 per cent to 16.7 per cent reduction in nitrogen use (relative to the risk-neutral solution) for selected rice producing areas of the Philippines. Estimating optimal inputs without environment specific information about the sources of risk leads to... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22518 |
| |
|
|
| Roumasset, James A.. |
| The problem investigated is how to estimate expected profits and the risk of using nitrogenous fertilizer for purposes of making fertilizer recommendations and explaining farmer decisions. Three inappropriate methods are discussed and a new method is developed which combines experimentally determined production functions with cross-section data on crop damages. For the Philippine situation analyzed, it appears that using the amount of nitrogen fertilizer which maximizes expected profits does not substantially increase the risk above low nitrogen levels. This finding casts doubt on the hypothesis that farmers' reluctance to use modern techniques is due to their aversion to risk. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1974 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9144 |
| |
|
|
| Burnett, Kimberly M.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| A central pillar of the sustainability movement is the call to include environmental accounting in standard measures of economic performance. This increased transparency would, in principle, mitigate the temptation of economic managers and policy makers to increase growth in material consumption at the expense of the environment. Moreover, as Repetto (1989) and others have argued, deducting depreciation of produced capital from NNP but not deducting depreciation of natural capital is inconsistent and debases NNP as a possible indicator of welfare. Based on the evidence available, it appears that while GNNP is substantially less than NNP, these adjustments do not adversely compromise existing estimates of economic growth for China. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25559 |
| |
|
|
| Roumasset, James A.; Pitafi, Basharat A.K.. |
| Conserving the watershed can help to preserve the groundwater supplies by avoiding loss of recharge. Preventing overuse of available water through pricing reforms can also substantially increase benefits from groundwater stock. Since efficiency prices are generally higher than the inefficient, status quo prices, efficiency pricing may be politically infeasible and watershed conservation may be considered as an alternative. Using Pearl Harbor water district as an example, we find that pricing reform yields large welfare improvement (about $900 million) and is welfare-superior to watershed conservation unless the latter prevents over 10% loss of recharge. In addition, watershed conservation is more valuable at efficiency pricing than at the status quo prices. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Watershed conservation; Water pricing; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D62; H21; H23. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20133 |
| |
|
|
| Burnett, Kimberly M.; Kaiser, Brooks A.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| The optimal size and location of an invasive species population depend upon spatially differentiated biological growth, economic costs, and damages. Although largely absent from most economic models, spatial considerations matter because the likelihood and magnitude of the invasion vary spatially and the threatened assets may be unevenly distributed across space. We map the current and future populations of an invasive species, Miconia calvescens, on Oahu, Hawaii, and the potential damages to water quantity, quality, and endangered-species habitat, and weigh these against treatment costs. We find that optimal densities vary from approximately 1% to 18% cover throughout the island. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Geographical Information Systems; Hawaii; Invasive species; Miconia calvescens; Oahu; Spatial analysis; Watershed; Q23; Q25; Q28; Q51; Q57. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37274 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Pitafi, Basharat A.K.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Several studies have documented that intertemporal water allocation in Hawaii (as elsewhere) is inefficient (see e.g., Moncur et. al., 1998). The result is widely expected to be early depletion of groundwater resources and the resulting need for using expensive and exotic technologies such as desalination. The problem is further complicated by the presence of saltwater underneath most of the freshwater lenses in Hawaii. Increasing groundwater extraction over time will drive the freshwater head levels lower until the existing well installations will start to pump out saltwater. Once the wells become saline, it is very hard to reverse the process. The consequences of these conditions, in terms of the economic value of waste, are unknown. Moreover, recharge... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21958 |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Burnett, Kimberly M.; Kaiser, Brooks A.; Pitafi, Basharat A.K.; Roumasset, James A.. |
| Invasive species change ecosystems and the economic services such ecosystems provide. Optimal policy will minimize the expected damages and costs of prevention and control. We seek to explain policy outcomes as a function of biological and economic factors, using the case of Hawaii to illustrate. First, we consider an existing invader, Miconia calvescens, a plant with the potential to reduce biodiversity, soil cover, and water availability. We then examine an imminent threat, the potential arrival of the Brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis). The arrival of the snake in Guam has led to native bird extirpations, power outages, and health costs. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Invasive species; Bioeconomics; Optimal control; Miconia calvescens; Boiga; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10178 |
| |
| Registros recuperados: 18 | |
|
|
|
