SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Kogler, Klaus; Saunders, Caroline M..

The 2003 reform of the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) replaced the coupled direct support schemes by a Single Farm Payment (SFP), which will be mainly delivered to farmers irrespective of what they produce (hence 'decoupled' from production). The level of decoupling differs among the Member States. This paper assesses the implementation of the SFP across Member States and how far it has been decoupled. The expected changes in the European Union's and New Zealand's trade in dairy products and beef resulting from the 2003 reform of the CAP are simulated, using a partial equilibrium trade model (Lincoln Trade and Environment Model; LTEM).

Palavras-chave: Single Farm Payment; European Union; New Zealand; Common Agricultural Policy; Direct payments; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31953

Book reviews

Anderson, Jock R.; Saunders, Caroline M.; Thirtle, Colin G.; Nightingale, John J..

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119000

Food miles, Carbon footprinting and other factors affecting our trade (Power Point)

Saunders, Caroline M..

Analyzing Drivers of World Food Prices: Weather, Growth, and Biofuels

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97621

Saunders, Caroline M.; Kaye-Blake, William; Cagatay, Selim.

The recent rise of food cost in world markets has accelerated the research examining the underlying factors for this rise. The present research investigated the separate and combined impacts of three factors thought to contribute to the price rise: adverse weather events, strong and sustained growth in high populated countries, and increased biofuels production. The research further analysed the effects of these price rises on consumption expenditures in Brazil, China and India. Analyses were carried out using a partial equilibrium trade model with a focus on the 2004 to 2007 period. The modelling suggests that the most important factor behind the price rise depends on the commodity, with maize/corn, oilseeds, and sugar most affected by biofuels, while...

New Zealand Agribusiness Success: An Approach to exploring the role of strategy, structure and conduct on firm performance

Palavras-chave: Food prices; Partial equilibrium model; Biofuel; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; F11; Q17.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51460

Scrimgeour, Frank G.; McDermott, Alan; Saunders, Caroline M.; Shadbolt, Nicola M.; Sheath, Gavin W..

This paper presents a framework to explore agribusiness success in New Zealand. The framework provides the basis for historical analysis. It draws on existing theory based on the structure-conduct-performance paradigm but expanded to take account of firm strategy and the analysis of value chains.

Modelling the effects of climate change policy on the NZ livestock sector

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Structure; Conduct; Performance; History; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31948

The link between trade and the environment has aroused considerable interest both in terms of the impact of trade liberalisation on the environment, and also the impact of environmental policy on production and trade. Of key environmental concern at present is global warming and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Global attempts to limit GHG emissions will also impact on agricultural trade and producer returns, particularly in countries such as NZ, where relatively large proportions of GHG emissions originate from the agricultural sector. This study uses a partial equilibrium agricultural trade model, extended to include production systems and GHG emissions, to analyse the effects of GHG mitigation policies on agricultural production and trade.

MITIGATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS: THE IMPACTS ON A DEVELOPED COUNTRY HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON AGRICULTURE

Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97785

This paper focuses on the impact of mitigating greenhouse gases (GHG) on agricultural trade. In particular, the paper assesses the impact on New Zealand (NZ), which is highly reliant on agricultural trade, with a high percentage of its total GHG emissions are originating in the agricultural sector. The paper also analyses the impact of mitigation strategies in the European Union (EU), which has a low proportion of GHG coming from agriculture, a highly protected agriculture sector, and is a major market and competitor for NZ. Results from a partial equilibrium trade model, the LTEM, show clearly that while these mitigation strategies achieve the goal of GHG reduction, producer returns are also negatively affected. The value of these changes in emissions...

ARGOS - Modelling the Economic, Environmental, and Social Implications for New Zealand from Different Scenarios Relating to the Demand and Supply of Organic Products

Palavras-chave: Agricultural production system; Greenhouse gas emissions; Partial equilibrium trade model; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25912

Saunders, Caroline M.; Emanuelsson, Martin.

This paper reports on some of the initial findings of the ARGOS (Agricultural Research Group on (Sustainability) programme, a 6 year quasi-experimental research project with the aim to model the economic, environmental, and social differences between organic, environmentally friendly and conventional systems of production. In the first section the paper reviews the development of organic markets, details the production costs and reports some preliminary results from ARGOS. The information is then used to develop potential future scenarios relating to the organic sector, which are assessed using the Lincoln Trade and Environment Model (LTEM), a partial equilibrium trade model that differentiates between organic and conventional production methods. This...

Modelling Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Forestry with the Extended LTEM (Lincoln Trade and Environment Model)

Palavras-chave: Sustainability; New Zealand; Organic markets; ARGOS; Demand and Price Analysis; F18; Q17.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24724

Saunders, Caroline M.; Kaye-Blake, William.

In the land-based sectors, agricultural production generally is a source of carbon, while forestry may be thought to act as a sink. This paper focuses on new research examining the interaction of the two. The core of the research is the Lincoln Trade and Environment model (LTEM), a partial equilibrium model which links trade in NZ with the main trading countries overseas, through to production and associated environmental consequences . This paper reports on research expanding the model to include forestry from incorporating the capabilities of the Global Forest Products Model (GFPM) into the LTEM and hence producing an integrated model of agricultural and forestry land-uses for NZ and overseas. The paper extends the environmental modelling capabilities of...

Agricultural Trade Liberalization and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Modeling the Linkages Using a Partial Equilibrium Trade Model

Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91947

Current Contribution of Four Biotechnologies to New Zealand's Primary Sector

Global attempts to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions may impact on agricultural trade and producer returns, particularly in countries such as New Zealand, where a relatively large proportion of GHG emissions originate from the agricultural sector. This study uses an extended partial equilibrium agricultural trade model to analyze the effects of trade policy liberalization on agricultural production and trade, as well as on GHG emissions. Further analysis combines trade liberalization with GHG mitigation policy in the New Zealand and European dairy sectors, and the effects on producer returns and GHG emissions are predicted. As expected, full trade liberalization in the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries enhances...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Partial equilibrium trade model; Agricultural production system; Greenhouse gas emissions; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10190

Kaye-Blake, William; Saunders, Caroline M.; Emanuelsson, Martin.

Over the last several decades, changes to production technologies have significantly increased output from the primary sector. The contribution of improved genetics has been variously estimated, and the impacts of genetic engineering have received much attention. The present research estimated the economic impact of four modern biotechnologies (other than genetic engineering) on the primary sector. Information from interviews with key informants was incorporated into a cost-benefit analysis to estimate these impacts. The net contribution was estimated at $266 million per year, with impacts spread unevenly through the sector and across biotechnologies.

Capital Based Sustainability Indicators as a Possible Way for Measuring Agricultural Sustainability

Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cost-benefit analysis; Marker assisted selection; New Zealand; Primary production; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; Q16.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25411

Saunders, Caroline M.; Kaye-Blake, William; Campbell, Rachel.

This paper takes the capital based approach to sustainability and applies this to examine the sustainability of different farming methods. The capital based approach argues that for future generations to be as well off as the present than the capital base should at least be maintained. The paper explores some of the issues around this approach such as the definition of capitals, their measurement and weakness in the approach which do not account for the resilience of system and/ or the substitutability of capitals. The paper outlines how this could be applied to agriculture and show sustainability across different farming methods. The data used is from the ARGOS (Agricultural Research Group on Sustainability) project which has collected data on social,...

Food Miles, Carbon Footprinting and their potential impact on trade

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91720

Saunders, Caroline M.; Barber, Andrew; Sorenson, Lars-Christian.

To obtain market access for NZ food exports to high value developed country markets exporters are having to comply and consider environmental factors such as carbon footprinting. This growth in demand for environmental attributes is shown in the rise of the food miles debate or concept. Food miles is a concept which has gained traction with the popular press arguing that the further food travels the more energy is used and therefore carbons emissions are greater. This paper assesses, using the same methodology, whether this is the case by comparing NZ production shipped to the UK with a UK source. The study found that due to the different production systems even when shipping was accounted for NZ dairy products used half the energy of their UK counterpart...

Exploratory Research into the Resilience of Farming Systems during Periods of Hardship

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48051

Parsonson-Ensor, Chris; Saunders, Caroline M..

This paper investigates the management strategies and responses used by New Zealand sheep and beef farmers to ensure resilience during periods of hardship. Using two, farm level surveys conducted in 1986 and 2010, some aspects of resilient farming systems were identified. Despite apparent hardship current farmers seemed more willing to take risks, with many more borrowing to invest in on farm developments than those in 1986. The main similarity between time periods was the greatest response to economic changes being the adoption of a low input policy. This result was quite significant, as conventional farmers are generally believed to resort to other strategies or responses.

Commercial release of first-generation genetically modified food products in New Zealand: using a partial equilibrium trade model to assess the impact on producer returns in New Zealand

Palavras-chave: Resilience; New Zealand; Indicators; Sustainable agriculture; Strategies; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115511

Saunders, Caroline M.; Cagatay, Selim.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116191

Estimated Contribution of Four Biotechnologies to New Zealand Agriculture

Kaye-Blake, William; Saunders, Caroline M..

The impact of biotechnology is an important consideration for New Zealand. The country depends significantly on agricultural production and exports (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 2004), and has relied in part on modern biotechnology for productivity increases over the last 20 years (Evenson & Gollin, 2003; Jacobsen & Scobie, 1999; Ovenden, Anderson, Armstrong, & Mitchel, 1985). A recent survey of individuals in agriculture and biotechnology generated a comprehensive list of products and processes that are derived from four specific biotechnologies and are commercially significant in agriculture (Kaye-Blake, Saunders, Emanuelsson, Dalziel, & Wreford, 2005). This innovative research generated primary data on the actual impacts that...

Consumer Attitudes towards Sustainability Attributes on Food Labels

Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21133

Tait, Peter R.; Miller, Sini; Abell, Walter L.; Kaye-Blake, William; Guenther, Meike; Saunders, Caroline M..

Concerns about climate change and the general status of the environment have increased expectation that food products have sustainability credentials, and that these can be verified. There are significant and increasing pressures in key export markets for information on Greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity of products throughout its life-cycle. How this information is conveyed to consumers is a key issue. Labelling is a common method of communicating certain product attributes to consumers that may influence their choices. In a choice experiment concerning fruit purchase decisions, this study estimates willingness to pay for sustainability attributes by consumers in Japan and the UK. The role of label presentation format is investigated: text only, text and...

Trade liberalisation and greenhouse gas emissions: the case of dairying in the European Union and New Zealand

Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Choice experiment; Food labelling; Sustainability; Cross-country comparison; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q18; Q51; Q56.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100716

Saunders, Caroline M.; Wreford, Anita; Cagatay, Selim.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116980

TRADE AND THE ENVIRONMENT. LINKING A PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM TRADE MODEL WITH PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES

Saunders, Caroline M.; Roningen, Vernon O..

This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on...

Greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production

Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14552

Links between trade and the environment have aroused considerable interest, both in terms of the impact of trade liberalisation on the environment, and also the impact of environmental policy on production and trade. A key environmental concern is global warming. The agricultural sector both contributes to, and will be affected by, climate change. Various mitigation strategies have been proposed for agriculture, including a limit on animal numbers, and restrictions on Nitrogen fertiliser application. The effects of these mitigation options on production, trade and emissions are analysed in this paper, using a partial equilibrium, agricultural multi-country, multi-commodity trade model, extended to include production systems and GHG emissions.