|
|
|
| Registros recuperados: 24 | |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Workshop presentation with particular focus on values, transferability and praxis relevance of organic farming research. Examples from agricultural engineering lead to the conclusion, that prototype farming, goal oriented project management, participative decision making and funding, coaching of co-operation, and coaching of conflict management may enhance long term, holistic and interdisciplinary research. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy; Indicators and other value-laden measures; Systems research and participatory research; Specific methods. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/4559/1/Seminar_12%2D12%2D02.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Assessment results of renewable energy supply in agriculture and forestry are often questionable because 1. the methodology does not describe the nature dependent conditions of agricultural production, 2. there is no standard system boundary, 3. thermodynamic laws are violated and/or ignored, 4. direct and embodied energy is mixed, 5. the mainstream life cycle analysis (LCA) takes downstream and upstream inputs arbitrarily into consideration, depending on the research objectives and the research-funding agency. Thus, the calculation results neglect a wide range of specific energy input figures of upstream and downstream factors outside farm level resulting in non-comparable figures. The EROI describes the ratio between energy output and... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2016 |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried; Lehto, Marja; Teye, Frederick. |
| Objectives The feasibility study shall answer the following questions: Are there economical and ecological advantages of on-farm dry digestion biogas plants? How the construction and operation parameters of a dry digestion biogas plant influence environment, profit, and sustainability of on-farm biogas production? The aim of the feasibility study is to provide facts and figures for decision makers in Finland to support the development of the economically and environmentally most promising biogas technology on-farm. The results may encourage on-farm biogas plant manufacturers to develop and market dry anaerobic digestion technology as a complementary technology. This technology may be a competitive alternative for farms using a dry manure chain or even... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Buildings and machinery; Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/6590/1/MET77.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Inclusive farming (INCLUFAR) - Transfer of concepts, experiences, skills, and training tools for social farming and eco-social inclusion is an innovation transfer project within the Lifelong Learning Leonardo da Vinci funding scheme of the EU. The results were gathered during the project period from October 2013 until September 2015.Why INCLUFAR? First, Finland signed the UN convention on the rights of persons with disabilities and is presently adjusting the legislation accordingly. Second, the results of the public consultation on the review of the EU-policy on organic agriculture conducted by the directorate general for agriculture and rural development in 2013 shows that economic and social dimension have the highest priority.Third, social farming and... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Social aspects; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation; Quality and evaluation of inputs. |
| Ano: 2016 |
|
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Agrifood Research Finland completed a feasibility study concerning on-farm dry fermentation. The study included the documentation of a prototype plant of a dairy farm at Järna about 50 km south of Stockholm. Interesting features of the plant are amongst others the recycling of a second-hand smokestack as reactor material, the inclined first reactor for mixing the solid manure by gravity force, the bottomless drawer technique for discharging, the fixed film technique for rapid methane generation, and a manure compost produced with low nitrogen losses. The recently developed technology is in the process of testing and refinement. The local association of farms, horticulture enterprises, food processing units, food stores, and consumers in Järna aims to... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management Buildings and machinery Recycling; Balancing and resource management. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15165/1/Sch%C3%A4fer_26.11.2008.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Objectives: Pest control in organic production of berries, potatoes and vegetables usually employs spreading technique of registered phytopharmaceutical agents. This technique may be supported or even replaced by pneumatic pest control. Up to now there is no evaluation of pneumatic pest control available from agricultural engineering point of view. This paper concerns the following questions: Which techniques of pneumatic pest control are available and how may these techniques be improved in terms of technical and physical parameters? Hypothesis: Analysis of pneumatic pest control techniques supports improvement of present available implements. Method: Literature review, process analysis, and evaluation in respect of agricultural engineering parameters... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Fruit and berries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/880/1/Pneumatic_pest_control.PDF |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Crop production is a conversion process of sun energy into biomass. Consequently, both the cultivation area and the insolation stroking this area limit the agroenergy output of the globe. Cultivation measures support the photosynthetic conversion process. Although organic cultivation measures require less energy than mainstream agriculture, the overall efficiency remains below 1%. Nevertheless, agroenergy production is captivating with many win-win situations: environmentally neutral bio-fuels replace polluting fossil fuels, farmers get better prices for energy crops, and turnover of power industry grows due to increasing energy consumption to process biomass into fuel. As a following, the state tax income improves too. However, better prices for energy... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects Indicators and other value-laden measures Farm nutrient management Buildings and machinery Recycling; Balancing and resource management Technology assessment. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15430/1/Sch%C3%A4fer_Lednice.pdf |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried; Evers, Lars; Lehto, Marja; Sorvala, Sanna; Teye, Frederick; Granstedt, Artur. |
| The Biodynamic Research Institute in Järna developed at the farm Yttereneby a two phase biogas plant. The plant digests manure of dairy cattle and organic residues originating from the farm and the surrounding food processing units containing 17,7 - 19,6 % dry matter. A new technology for continuously filling and discharging the biogas reactor was developed and implemented. Digestion residues are separated into a solid fraction for composting and into a liquid fraction. The solid fraction is suitable for aerobic composting. Initial results show that anaerobic digestion and following aerobic composting of the solid fraction improves the nitrogen balance of the farm compared to mere aerobic composting. Composted biogas plant residues and effluent together... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general Dairy cattle Recycling; Balancing and resource management Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/3459/1/3459.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried; Evers, Lars; Lehto, Marja; Sorvala, Sanna; Teye, Frederick; Granstedt, Artur. |
| So called "dry fermentation" prototype plants for anaerobic digestion of organic material containing 15-50 % total solids show added advantages compared to slurry digestion plants (Hoffman 2001): Less reactor volume, less process energy, less transport capacity, less odour emissions. However on-farm dry fermentation plants are not common and rarely commercially available. Recent on-farm research (Kusch & Oechsner 2004) and prototype research (Linke 2004) show promising technical solutions for dry fermentation batch reactors on-farm. The Biodynamic Research Institute in Järna developed a two-phase on-farm biogas plant. The plant digests manure of dairy cattle and organic residues originating from the farm and the surrounding food processing units... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Buildings and machinery; Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/6542/1/nj372.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| Pest control in organic production of berries, potatoes and vegetables usually employs spreading technique of registered phytopharmaceutical agents. This technique may be supported or even replaced by pneumatic pest control. Pneumatic pest control means suction of pest using a vacuum device similar to a home vacuum cleaner. Up to now there is no evaluation of pneumatic pest control available from an agricultural engineering point of view. This paper concerns the following questions: Which techniques of pneumatic pest control are available and how may these techniques be improved in terms of technical and physical parameters? Based on the answers a new device design is presented. |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/4667/1/4667.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| A method to calculate efficiency of energy crop production including sun energy, direct and indirect energy for cultivation, processing, and conversion into fuel is demonstrated using rape and derived fuels as an example. Every production and conversion step is a process and calculated separately. The overall efficiency includes energy input and output of all processes. The process efficiency of rape cultivation reaches in Finland up to 1100 %. However, the overall energy efficiency of rape methyl ester (RME) is 1 to 2 ‰ only. The production of biogas from manure of dairy fed by rape meal results in a process energy efficiency of 33 to 41 %, but the overall energy efficiency of RME and biogas together is only 1.2 to 2.5 ‰. In contrast, thermal or... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Recycling; Balancing and resource management. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/15164/1/ECOMIT_Sch%C3%A4fer_2008.pdf |
| |
|
|
| van Elsen, Thomas; Herz, Gerhard; Ehlers, Hartwig; Schäfer, Winfried; Merckens, Klaus. |
| "Social farming" and “Green Care” are being developed throughout Europe: farms which put the "multifunctionality" demanded by the policy makers into practice, contributing to the creation of jobs in rural areas through the creation of social services. The team of authors has applied successfully to run the project “Inclusive farming – transfer of concepts, experiences, skills and training tools for Social Farming and eco-social inclusion” within the “Leonardo da Vinci - Transfer of Innovation” scheme. Based on the experiences above and two 3-years curricula (FAMIT and BALTIC seminar) a participatory transfer to “importing countries” in Eastern and Southern European countries is planned. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Social aspects Education; Extension and communication. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24071/1/24071%20paper_ISOFAR_final_new_MM.pdf |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried; Evers, Lars; Lehto, Marja; Sorvala, Sanna; Teye, Frederick; Granstedt, Artur. |
| During the last decade some so called ‘dry fermentation’ prototype plants were developed for anaerobic digestion of organic material containing 15-50 % total solids. These plants show added advantages com-pared to slurry digestion plants: Less reactor volume, less process energy, less transport capacity, less odour emissions. However on-farm dry fermentation plants are not common and rarely commercially available. This paper reports about an innovative two phase prototype biogas plant designed for continuous digestion of solid dairy cattle manure. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Buildings and machinery; Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/6592/1/rapport2005.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| The photosynthesis process generates beside carbon hydrates also complex chemical compounds. The artificial synthesis of such compounds is often impossible or may require high energy input compared with their heating value. In other words, the entropy of energy crops is low compared with that of fossil fuels. This fact is usually neglected in energy analysis of bio fuels resulting in questionable political decisions concerning renewable energy. This paper demonstrates that the energy saving and the GHG mitigation potential of fibre crops may be enhanced using them first used as raw material for commercial products before processing to fuel at the end of their lifetime. For example reed canary grass may be used for paper production and after recycling the... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Technology assessment Recycling; Balancing and resource management Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/21040/1/Fibre_crops_Jelgava_2012_s.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried; Väisänen, Jaana; Pihala, Marjo. |
| Finland’s policy of subsidising the conversion to organic production precipitated the rapid growth of organic farming in the 1990’s. As a consequence, many stockless farms encountered the problems of nitrogen deficit, poor grain quality, and weed control. Since the spreading of green mulch on cash crops is very common especially in tropical agriculture, organic fertilisers like green mulch may be an alternative that would compensate for the prohibition on the use of mineral N-fertilisers. However, one problem is that presently there is no appropriate technique available to substitute for the strenuous handwork of spreading green mulch. The main subject of this research report is the technique of green mulch spreading. Between 1994 and 1997, a green... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/608/1/tukimusselostus79.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Schäfer, Winfried. |
| The development of living on farm is described from an agricultural engineer's point of view focussing on opportunities for elderly in Finland. There are three main groups: Anthroposophical social farms, farms governed by a strict ecological philosophy of life, and farms looking for diversification concerning ecology, business and on-farm living communities. However, the boundaries between these groups are fluid. The farms may create additional income by offering accommodation, janitorial and transport services, basic and other services to people, who want to live on the farm. Thus, the traditional target of community supported farms - processing and selling the farm products to a community of customers - is considerably extended. In the long run, the... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Recycling; Balancing and resource management Social aspects Education; Extension and communication Landscape and recreation. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/23601/1/63601%20Sch%C3%A4fer%20Living%20on%20farm.pdf |
| |
| Registros recuperados: 24 | |
|
|
|
