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| Registros recuperados: 37 | |
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| Niether, Wiebke; Schneidewind, Ulf; Armengot, Laura; Adamtey, Noah; Schneider, Monika; Gerold, Gerhard. |
| Soil moisture has high spatial and temporal variability, depending on topography, soil texture, vegetation and meteorological conditions. It influences many processes in the soil and supplies water to the vegetation. This is often a limiting factor in agricultural production. Over an 18-month period, we measured soil moisture dynamics down to a depth of 70 cm in a long-term trial in Bolivia comprising six different land-use systems, i.e. cocoa monocultures and agroforestry systems, both under organic and conventional management, successional cocoa agroforestry systems and a natural fallow. Soil was heterogeneous over the area and in depth. We identified and separated two soil groups which differed in both, texture and soil water retention capacity.... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Soil; Bolivia; Environmental aspects. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32091/1/Niether-etal-2017-Catena-Vol158-p340-349.pdf |
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| Wurtz, Marion; Armengot, Laura; Andres, Christian; Milz, Joachim; Alcon, Freddy; Schneider, Monika. |
| To estimate the cocoa dry bean weight from the fresh weight a standard dry bean factor (DBF) ranging from 32% to 40% is usually applied. This factor, i.e. the relation between the dry bean weight (fermented and dried) and the fresh weight at pod opening, is used by cooperatives and factories that buy the fresh beans of the farmers. However, this factor is subjected to seasonal fluctuations and can be highly influenced by rainfall. Therefore, for instance, higher values are expected during the dry season compared with the rainy season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the use of a standard fix DBF value compared with the use of actual DBF values periodically collected over the season for assessing the performance of 12 cocoa... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/29760/1/Schneider-etal-2015-LIFKkoTS-tropentag.pdf |
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| Niether, Wiebke; Armengot, Laura; Andres, Christian; Schneider, Monika; Gerold, Gerhrad. |
| Shade trees in agroforestry systems protect the understory cocoa from climate extremes. Shade tree pruning manages microclimatic conditions in favor of cocoa production while tree diversity is maintained. Adaptation of pruning has to consider seasonal changes in temperature and precipitation to protect the understory cocoa. Context Structural characteristics of tree stands such as species diversity, tree density, and stratification can affect throughfall and microclimate. Pruning changes the canopy and may therefore modulate internal conditions. Aims The aim of this study is to assess the environmental growing conditions of cocoa trees. Methods We monitored canopy openness and the impact of stand structure on throughfall and microclimate in three... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34493/1/niether-etal-2018-AnnalsForrestScience-Vol75-38.pdf |
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| Jacobi, Johanna; Schneider, Monika; Pillco Mariscal, María; Huber, Stephanie; Weidmann, Simon; Bottazzi, Patrick; Rist, Stephan. |
| Cocoa production in Alto Beni, Bolivia, is a major source of income and is severely affected by climate change impacts and other stress factors. Resilient farming systems are, thus, important for local families. This study compares indicators for social–ecological resilience in 30 organic and 22 nonorganic cocoa farms of Alto Beni. Organic farms had a higher tree and crop diversity, higher yields and incomes, more social connectedness, and participated in more courses on cocoa cultivation. Resilience was enhanced by local farmers’ organizations, providing organic certification and supporting diversified agroforestry with seedlings and extension, going beyond basic organic certification requirements. |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research; Crop husbandry; Environmental aspects. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/29764/1/Jacobi-etal-2015-ASFS-Vol39-No7-p798-823.pdf |
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| Jacobi, Johanna; Bottazzi, Patrick; Pillco, Maria Isabel; Schneider, Monika; Rist, Stephan. |
| Migration from the Bolivian Altiplano to the Amazonian lowlands poses a number of challenges related to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Alto Beni, located in the Bolivian Yungas at the interface between two altitudinal zones, is a critical area in this respect. Unsustainable land use practices are leading to soil erosion, shallow landslides, as well as forest and biodiversity loss. Settlers from the Altiplano see themselves confronted with an ecosystem that does not support the agricultural systems they were once used to. Soil degradation and government incentives have promoted migration further into the rainforest, creating pressure on local indigenous groups and biodiversity. The best-suited land use system for the fragile soils... |
| Tipo: Book chapter |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Bolivia; Environmental aspects. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32090/1/Jacobi-etal-2017-Building-farm-resilience-changing-climate_Chapter14-p321-247.pdf |
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| Ferrari, Leone; Florez, Andrez; Velásquez, Fortunato; Schneider, Monika; Andres, Christian; Milz, Joachim; Trujillo, German; Alcon, Freddy; Fromm, Ingrid. |
| The cocoa mirid (Monalonion dissimulatum) is one of the major pests in cocoa cultivation in Alto Beni, Bolivia, causing up to 50% yield losses. The most common control method is the manual removal of the nymphs sucking at the pods in the morning. This practice is very time-consuming, and farmers often do not dispose of enough time to perform these control measures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more efficient practices to control this important pest. The present study evaluated the pathogenicity of two strains of Beauveria bassiana for the control of Monalonion dissimulatum on cocoa: a non-native, commercialized strain (Probiobass MR, Probiotec S.R.L.), and a native strain of Alto Beni, which is not yet commercialized (isolated by the local... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/27526/1/Beitrag_Ferrari_etal_HAFL_symposium_2014.pdf |
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| Schneider, Monika; Richter, Toralf; Spahn, Christoph; Portmann, Katrin. |
| From the Summar of the Report Production At worldwide level in year 2003 66% of the world’s organic land (total 24 mio ha) are concentrated in two continents: Australia and Latin America. In these regions extensive grazing land is widespread beside the whole game of plant production, from cereals to coffee, tea and other tropical products. In Northern America the organic farmland achieves 1,5 mio ha. Europe has 23 % of the worldwide organic land (5,5 mio ha), these 5,5 mio ha correspond to almost 2% of agricultural land managed organically. Liechtenstein is with 26 % of agricultural area managed organically the leader followed by Aus-tria with 11% and Switzerland with 10%. In most countries the organically managed surface is still increasing. In the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Ukraine; Markets and trade. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/4733/1/schneider%2Detal%2D2005%2Dukraine.pdf |
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| Armengot, Laura; Barbieri, Pietro; Andres, Christian; Milz, Joachim; Schneider, Monika. |
| The global demand for cacao has recently increased. To meet this demand, the cultivated area has been expanded in tropical forest areas and production has intensified by replacing traditional agroforestry systems with monocultures. This has led to a loss of biodiversity in cacao-growing areas. More sustainable production systems such as agroforestry and organic managed systems are expected to yield less cacao, but by-crops and premium prices, respectively, might economically compensate for the lower yields. Here, we compared the productivity and the return on labor, that is the return per working day, of four different cacao production systems: agroforestry and monocultures under organic and conventional management. Cacao and by-crop yields, costs,... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Bolivia. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30968/1/Armengot_at_al_2016_ASD_art_10.1007_s13593-016-0406-6.pdf |
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| Jacobi, Johanna; Andres, Christian; Schneider, Monika; Pillco, Maria; Calizaya, Patricia; Rist, Stephan. |
| This study compares aboveground and belowground carbon stocks and tree diversity in different cocoa cultivation systems in Bolivia: monoculture, simple agroforestry, and successional agroforestry, as well as fallow as a control. Since diversified, agroforestry-based cultivation systems are often considered important for sustainable development, we also evaluated the links between carbon stocks and tree diversity, as well as the role of organic certification in transitioning from monoculture to agroforestry. Biomass, tree diversity, and soil physiochemical parameters were sampled in 15 plots measuring 48 × 48 m. Semi-structured interviews with 52 cocoa farmers were used to evaluate the role of organic certification and farmers’ organizations (e.g., cocoa... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry Values; Standards and certification Bolivia. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24833/1/Jacobi-etal-2013-AgrarforstrySyst-online.pdf |
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| Niether, Wiebke; Schneidewind, Ulf; Fuchs, Michael; Schneider, Monika; Armengot, Laura. |
| Farmers expect yield reduction of cash crops like cocoa when growing in agroforestry systems compared to monocultures, due to competition for resources, e.g. nutrients and water. However, complementarities between species in the use of resources may improve resource use efficiency and result in higher system performance. Cocoa trees have a shallow rooting system while the rooting characteristics of the associated trees are mainly unknown. This work investigates fine root distribution and production in five cocoa production systems: two monocultures and two agroforestry systems under conventional and organic farming, and a successional agroforestry system. In the organic systems a perennial leguminous cover crop was planted and compost was added, while... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34492/1/niether-etal2019_ScienceTotalEnvironment-Vol657-p558-567.pdf |
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| Zundel, Christine; Schneider, Monika; Musyoka, Martha; Muriuki, Anne; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Mucheru-Muna, Monica; Chabi-Olaye, Adenirin; Niggli, Urs. |
| Organic Agriculture is perceived by many stakeholders as a promising approach to increase food security in developing countries. However, only few attempts have been made so far to assess agronomic and economic performance of Organic Agriculture in these regions in a systematic way. The Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), together with its partners, is presently establishing long-term comparisons of farming systems in various agro-ecological and socio-economic contexts to study the different parameters that are essential for sustainable development. To date, three study areas have been selected: (a) a sub-humid area in Kenya where farming is subsistence-oriented; (b) a semi-arid area in India where cotton is produced for the export market;... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/18373/1/Zundel-etal-2009-african-organic-conference.pdf |
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| Pérez-Neira, David; Schneider, Monika; Armengot, Laura. |
| The increasing global demand for chocolate and related products has intensified their production systems by both replacing traditional agroforestry systems with monocultures and increasing the use of synthetic external inputs and machinery. High dependence on non-renewable energy is a clear symptom of unsustainability in food production systems. Consequently, more sustainable agricultural practices should be promoted. With a special focus on non-renewable energy, this work compares: i) the cumulate energy demand (CED), ii) energy return on investment (EROI), and iii) energy return on labour of four different cacao production systems: two agroforestry systems and two monocultures under organic and conventional management. Cacao and subproduct yields and the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2020 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/36703/1/neira-etal-2020-AgriculturalSystems-Vol177-102711-p1-7.pdf |
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| Schneider, Monika; Perez, Eucebio; Alcon, Freddy; Choque, Romero; Trujillo, German; Andres, Christian. |
| One of the most essential limiting factors of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) productivity worldwide is pests and diseases. Each of the major production regions has its specific pests and diseases. Reported yield losses range from minor to almost 100 per cent. In Alto Beni, located in the Amazonian watershed of the department La Paz, Bolivia, the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL) and its local partners are addressing several problems of cocoa producers using a participatory technology development approach. Problems were identified in a participatory way and are, in order of priority, i) to reduce the incidence of pests and diseases, mainly the cocoa mirid (Monalonion dissimulatum) and Frosty Pod Rot (Moniliophthora roreri); ii) to evaluate the... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research Technology transfer Breeding; Genetics and propagation. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/27524/1/PosterSyscom_Cocoa_def.pdf |
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| Kaegi, Nora; Milz, Joachim; Weibel, Franco; Vanhoudt, Niels; Cobo Borrero, Juan Guillermo; Anselmi, Cinzia; Schneider, Monika. |
| In Malaysia an intensively managed high input full sun cocoa plantation can reach high yields of 1.5 to 2 t dry beans per ha. Following a high production period of 10 years the yields often decrease markedly. Focusing on leading depleted cacao plantations sustainably back to full production a research project was initiated in June 2011 using a diversification approach with agroforestry systems. The experimental site is located on a large commercial farm in the humid tropical lowlands of peninsular Malaysia, in the region of Kuala Lipis. In a field trial with a strip-split-plot design, three different production systems, mainly characterised by diversification levels (mono culture to high diversity agroforestry) and accordingly different external input... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Asia. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/25276/1/Kaegi_etal_Tropentag2013.pdf |
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| Armengot, Laura; Barbieri, Pietro; Andres, Christian; Milz, Joachim; Alcon, Freddy; Trujillo, German; Schneider, Monika. |
| Cocoa cropping systems vary from full-sun monocrops to highly diversified agroforestry systems, which combine the cocoa production with by-crop such as bananas or plantains and trees with different functions. Additionally, these systems can be organically or conventionally managed. Although labour demand is one of the main activities contributing to the total production costs of the plantations and it may highly differ between production systems, there are still scarce data and information available. In this study we present the labour demands of five different production systems in a newly established cocoa plantation in Alto Beni, Bolivia. The trial was established in 2008 within the framework of the SysCom programme (www.systems-comparison.fibl.org)... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Systems research and participatory research; Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/29761/1/Armengot-etal-2015-Tropentag2015-abstract-313.pdf |
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| Jacobi, Johanna; Schneider, Monika; Pillco, Maria Isabel; Rist, Stephan. |
| Cocoa based small scale agriculture is the basic livelihood of most farming families in the region of Alto Beni in the Bolivian Andes. Cocoa cultivation is affected by climate change impacts, soil degradation, pests and plant diseases, and insecure cocoa prices. From a sustainable development point of view, cocoa farms need thus to become more resilient. Resilience refers to the ability within a farming system to reduce the sensitivity to stress factors while maintaining productivity, the capacity for self-organisation, to learn, and to adapt to change. Resilience can be subdivided in the three features buffer capacity, self-organisation, and adaptive capacity. This study addresses differences in resilience of organic and non-organic cocoa farms, and the... |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Bolivia. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24782/1/Jacobi-etal-2013-Tropentag-Poster.pdf |
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| Riedel, Judith; Kägi, Nora; Armengot, Laura; Schneider, Monika. |
| Overaged full-sun cacao plantations and the need for sustainable production systems call for combining rehabilitation of plantations with the establishment of agroforestry. We tested the effect of drastic rehabilitation pruning of old cacao tree stock and the introduction of both high- and low-diversity agroforestry on survival, growth and yield of T. cacao in a commercial plantation in peninsular Malaysia over a period of 5 years. We further determined the incidence of pests and diseases of cacao pods and assessed the performance of the whole system for smallholder farmers, including yields of by-crops. Rehabilitation pruning negatively affected cacao tree development and short-term yield. No more effects of pruning on cacao yield were observed starting... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34484/1/Riedel_etal_2019_cacaoPruningAgroforestry_supp.pdf |
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| Niether, Wiebke; Smit, Inga; Armengot, Laura; Schneider, Monika; Gerold, Gerhard; Pawelzik, Elke. |
| Cocoa beans are produced all across the humid tropics under different environmental conditions provided by the region but also by the season and the type of production system. Agroforestry systems compared to monocultures buffer climate extremes and therefore provide a less stressful environment for the understory cocoa, especially under seasonally varying conditions. We measured the element concentration as well as abiotic stress indicators (polyamines and total phenolic content) in beans derived from five different production systems comparing monocultures and agroforestry systems and from two harvesting seasons. Concentrations of N, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Na, and Zn were higher in beans produced in agroforestry systems with high stem density and leaf area... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34495/1/niether-etal-2018-JAgricFoodChem-Vol65-Issue47-pp10165%E2%80%9310173.pdf |
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| Schneidewind, Ulf; Niether, Wiebke; Armengot, Laura; Schneider, Monika; Sauer, Daniela; Heitkamp, Felix; Gerold, Gerhard. |
| Agroforestry systems (AFS) can serve to decrease ecosystem carbon (C) losses caused by deforestation and inadequate soil management. Because of their shade tolerance, cacao plants are suitable to be grown in AFS, since they can be combined with other kinds of trees and shrubs. The potential for C sequestration in cacao farming systems depends on various factors, such as management practices, stand structure and plantation age. We compared conventionally and organically managed cacao monoculture systems (MCS) and AFS in Sara Ana (Bolivia) with respect to C stocks in plant biomass and to amounts of litterfall and pruning residues. The total aboveground C stocks of the AFS (26 Mg C ha−1) considerably exceeded those of the MCS (~7 Mg C ha−1), although the... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Soil. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/34494/1/schneidewind-etal-2018-ExperimentalAgri-online-p1-19.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 37 | |
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