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| Registros recuperados: 26 | |
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| Datt, Gaurav; Jolliffe, Dean; Sharma, Manohar P.. |
| This paper presents a profile of poverty in Egypt for 1997. It assesses the magnitude of poverty and its distribution across geographic and socioeconomic groups, provides information on the characteristics of the poor, illustrates the heterogeneity among the poor, and helps identify empirical correlates of poverty. The poverty profile is constructed using data from the recently completed Egypt Integrated Household Survey, a nationwide, multiple-topic household survey, carried out by the International Food Policy Research Institute in coordination with the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation and the Ministry of Trade and Supply. Reference poverty lines that take into account regional differences in food and nonfood prices, age and composition of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94863 |
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| Morduch, Jonathan; Sharma, Manohar P.. |
| The worsening degradation of natural resources urgently requires the adoption of more sustainable management practices. This need has led to growing interest and investment in monitoring systems for tracking the condition of natural resources. Although grounded in concepts of sustainability, the application of monitoring systems has progressed little beyond the identification and measurement of large numbers of potentially interesting indicators. Most monitoring activities are also passive and do not lead to the changes needed to rectify the problems they identify. Too often monitoring becomes an end in itself and an expensive claim on public funds. This study is concerned with the design of monitoring systems that have direct relevance for the management... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Public Economics. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16414 |
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| Zeller, Manfred; Sharma, Manohar P.; Henry, Carla; Lapenu, Cecile. |
| Development institutions and projects frequently seek to target poorer segments of the population. Yet, existing methods for evaluating their outreach are generally unsuited to most operational settings, since they are either too costly and cumbersome (e.g., detailed income or household surveys), or they produce results that are not comparable between villages or regions within a country (e.g., participatory poverty appraisals). This paper presents a new and operationally suitable method to measure the poverty of clients of development projects in relation to the general population of nonclients. The method was developed in response to demands by donors and development practitioners for a low-cost evaluation instrument that could be used as a regular... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16443 |
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| Rashid, Shahidur; Sharma, Manohar P.; Zeller, Manfred. |
| It has long been hypothesized that lack of access to credit is the main reason why, despite higher profitability of High Yielding Varieties (HYVs), farmers in developing countries continue to allocate a portion of their land to traditional crop varieties. The empirical testing of this hypothesis has generated a large body of literature with differing conclusions. This paper re-examines the issue in the context of a specially designed group based lending programs for small farmers in Bangladesh, who neither have access to formal sources of credit nor do they qualify to become members of other micro-credit organizations. Two measures of access to credit, credit limit and amount borrowed at a given point in time, are used to analyze the determinants of farm... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16230 |
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| Zeller, Manfred; Sharma, Manohar P.; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Rashid, Shahidur. |
| In the last two decades, nongovernmental organizations in Bangladesh have provided millions of poor rural people with savings and credit services at low cost. These services have reduced poverty and may have improved food security and nutrition and achieved positive social change as well. The relative success of these microfinance institutions merits an in-depth examination of their structure, conduct, and performance and the role they play in reducing poverty. This report analyzes the fit between the rural poor and three key NGOs that represent the variety of microfinance institutions in Bangladesh. The report evaluates the effects of microfinance credit programs on household resource allocation, income generation, food and non-food consumption, and the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16522 |
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| Sharma, Manohar P.. |
| This case study examines the scaling-up experiences of two microfinance institutions: the Nirdhan Utthan Bank Limited (NUBL) in Nepal and the Self-Help Group (SHG)-Bank linkage program of the National Agricultural Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) in India. Both NUBL and NABARD groups use self-regulation (peer selection, peer monitoring, and peer enforcement of contracts) as key to gaining access to services not otherwise available to them. There are two community-based drivers. First, loan products are closely driven by client preferences, as evidenced by strong demand to join the program, high repayment rates, and very low dropout rates. Second, the process of organizing clients into groups has a significant empowering effect, providing... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community-driven development (CDD); Scaling up; Microfinance; Case studies; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60396 |
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| Sharma, Manohar P.; Zeller, Manfred. |
| This paper analyzes the repayment rates of credit groups belonging to three group-based credit programs in Bangladesh: the Association for Social Advancement (ASA), the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), and the Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service (RDRS). Hypotheses are drawn from economic theory relating group responsibility, and the resulting monitoring by peers, to a more effective enforcement of contractual obligations as well as to improved ability of the group as a whole to repay loans. Specific tests are performed on the following hypothesized determinants: group size, size of loans, degree of loan rationing, enterprise mix within groups, demographic characteristics, social ties and status, and occurrence of idiosyncratic shocks. Analysis is... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Credit; Research; Methodology; Bangladesh; Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97302 |
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| Sharma, Manohar P.; Zeller, Manfred. |
| Bangladesh has witnessed major strides in providing financial services to the rural poor. These services are provided largely through innovative group-based credit programs of several nongovernmental organizations. The implicit but widespread assumption has been that they are indeed placed in special poverty-stricken areas. Is this assumption valid? If not, what factors actually affect programs' placement across communities? This paper uses an unique thana-level data set to analyze the placement of three group-based credit programs in Bangladesh. Analysis of branch placement indicates that, unlike commercial banks, nongovernmental institutions do respond to general conditions of poverty. However, it appears that NGO services are located more in poor... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94847 |
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| Sharma, Manohar P.. |
| The issue of orphan-care has risen to the top of the social protection agenda in Malawi, where the prevalence of orphaned children has dramatically increased because of early deaths of parents infected by the HIV/AIDS. Ensuring that orphaned children are not deprived of minimum investments in education is now a policy priority. Probit models suggest that in rural Malawi, the likelihood of dropping out of school is higher for orphans than for non-orphans as grade level increases. But contrary to conventional wisdom, results suggest that orphans residing with non-parent or non-grandparents caregivers do not have higher probability of dropping out of school. In fact, quite the opposite is true. Orphans under the care of a single surviving parent or... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25666 |
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| Registros recuperados: 26 | |
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