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Adubação nitrogenada beneficia soja alagada Bragantia
Lanza,Luciana Nunes Menolli; Rossi,Sarita Carneiro; Sodek,Ladaslav.
RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar o desenvolvimento de cinco cultivares de soja produzidas no Estado de São Paulo, em situação de alagamento do sistema radicular, e avaliar a resposta das plantas ao nitrato nessa situação. No trabalho, foram analisadas a área foliar, a massa seca da parte aérea, o volume do sistema radicular e a massa seca do sistema radicular das cultivares de soja IAC Foscarin-31, IAC-23, IAC-17, IAC-24 e IAC-18, além de análise histológica do caule e da raiz principal da cultivar IAC-23, das plantas mantidas durante 28 dias alagadas. Todas as cultivares foram submetidas aos tratamentos: alagamento do vaso sem nitrato; alagamento com nitrato e alagamento com nitrato adicionado após sete dias de experimento. Os resultados...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Encharcamento; Glycine max; Nitrogênio; Crescimento vegetal.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052013000100002
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Identificação de espécies de citros mediante polimorfismo enzimático Bragantia
Sawazaki,Haiko Enok; Sodek,Ladaslav; Pio,Rose Mary; Müller,Gerd Walter.
Estudou-se, mediante polimorfismo enzimático em gel de poliacrilamida, a variabilidade genética das espécies de laranja-doce (Citrus sinensis); laranja-azeda (C. aurantium); tangerinas clementina (C. clementina), sunki (C. sunki), cleópatra (C. reshni) e poncã (C. rsticulata); lima-da-pérsia (C. limettioides); limão-galego (C. aurantifolia); limão-cravo (C. limonia) e trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata). Extratos de folhas foram analisados para as isoenzimas de malato deidrogenase (MDH), enzima málica (ME), leucino amino peptidase (LAP), glutamato oxaloacetato transaminase (GOT), fosfoglucoisomerase (PGI), fosfoglucomutase (PGM) e isocitrato deidrogenase (IDH). Verificou-se grande variabilidade genética interespecífica, porém nenhuma entre os cultivares de...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Citros; Isoenzimas; Identificação de espécies.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051992000200002
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Transporte de compostos nitrogenados em soja cultivada com diferentes fontes de nitrogênio Bragantia
Sawazaki,Haiko Enok; Sodek,Ladaslav; Teixeira,João Paulo Feijão.
Plantas de soja inoculadas com Rhizobium japonicum foram cultivadas em vermiculita com solução nutritiva sem nitrogênio, em casa de vegetação, no Centro Experimental de Campinas, do Instituto Agronômico. Foi estudado o efeito quanto aos níveis de ureídeos (alantoína e ácido alantóico), aminoácidos (total e qualitativo por analisador de aminoácidos), NO3- e NH4+, encontrados na seiva do xilema. Para esse fim, as plantas (noduladas) foram tratadas durante sete dias com soluções nutritivas contendo os íons NO3- (15mM) ou NH4+ (10mM) aplicadas próximo à época de floração, ou sem nitrogênio (controle). O ácido alantóico predominou em relação à alantoína, e essa proporção tendeu a aumentar com a exposição da planta a N-mineral. O transporte de nitrogênio total...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Soja; Aminoácidos; Ureídeos; Fixação simbiótica; Nutrição nitrogenada.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051987000200011
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Effect of salt on the growth and metabolism of Glycine max BABT
Queiroz,Helena Müller; Sodek,Ladaslav; Haddad,Claudia Regina Baptista.
Soybean plants cultivated with 50, 100 and 200 mM of NaCl, revealed that root growth was less affected by salinity than shoots. Salinity led to a reduction in leaf area and an increase in water content of the roots. These factors could contribute to the adaptation of the plant, improving its hydration. Although nitrate and free amino acid levels were reduced by salt treatment in roots, protein content of leaves was not altered. Salinity led to alterations in xylem amino acid composition, with increases in Ser, Ala, Gaba and Pro and a decrease in Asn. Similar changes were seen for Asn and Ser in roots together with a much stronger increase in Gaba. It is suggested that the decline in Asn reflects its conversion to Ala and Gaba (via Glu) in the roots while...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Soybean; Stress; Amino acid transport; Asparagine; Alanine; Γ-aminobutyrate.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000600002
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Purification and properties of asparaginase from the testa of immature seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L.) BABT
Chagas,Eliana P.; Sodek,Ladaslav.
A K+-dependent asparaginase (E.C. 3.5.1.1.) was purified 1328-fold from the testas of immature pea seeds (Pisum sativum L., var. Bolero) and characterized. Antibodies raised against purified asparaginase cross-reacted with the putative asparaginase band in Western blot analyses of semi-purified extracts. However, for crude extracts of pea testas, a cross-reaction was obtained with at least four protein bands, one of which was asparaginase protein. Affinity-purified antibodies to the four strongest bands of crude extracts were fairly specific for the bands from which they were purified, suggesting a mixture of specific antibodies. The Mr of asparaginase was 69,000 by Sephacryl S200 chromatography and also by mobility on native PAGE relative to BSA. There...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Pisum sativum; Asparaginase; Purification; Properties.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132001000300004
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Development of the nodulated soybean plant after flooding of the root system with different sources of nitrogen Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Thomas,André Luís; Sodek,Ladaslav.
Flooding leads to hypoxia, a stress to which symbiotic N2 fixation is especially sensitive. The response of fully nodulated soybean plants to a 21-day period of flooding was studied by measurements of growth parameters and xylem transport of organic nitrogenous components to the shoot, in the presence and absence of NO3- and NH4+ in the medium. Flooding was found to seriously impair N2 fixation, irrespective of the N source, as indicated by strongly reduced xylem ureide levels. In the absence of a source of N, growth was strongly reduced during flooding while accumulation of N in the shoot was virtually abolished. Flooding in the presence of 5 mM NO3- or NH4+ led to the accumulation of total N in the shoot but only NO3- promoted increases in total dry...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Anaerobiosis; Oxygen deficiency.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000300003
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Nitrate uptake and metabolism by roots of soybean plants under oxygen deficiency. Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Brandão,Andrea D.; Sodek,Ladaslav.
Nitrate is reported to improve tolerance of plants towards oxygen deficiency enabled by waterlogging of the root system, but the mechanism underlying the phenomenon remains poorly understood. We studied the metabolism of nitrate in roots exposed to hypoxia, using soybean plants growing in a hydroponic system after suspending aeration and covering the surface of the nutrient solution with mineral oil. Nitrate depletion from the medium was more intense under hypoxia than normoxia, but in the presence of chloramphenicol, consumption under hypoxia was significantly reduced. Nitrite accumulated in the medium in the state of hypoxia and this effect was partially eliminated by chloramphenicol. Nitrate consumption sensitive to chloramphenicol was attributed to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Hypoxia; Nitrate reductase; Nitrite; Waterlogging.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000100003
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The metabolic response of plants to oxygen deficiency Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Sousa,Carlos Antônio Ferreira de; Sodek,Ladaslav.
Plants, under natural or experimental conditions, can be subject to a range of O2 concentrations from normal (normoxia) through deficient (hypoxia) to total absence (anoxia). Many metabolic processes are affected by O2 deficiency but the most studied events are those related to respiration and metabolism of N. In the absence of a terminal electron acceptor for the electron transport chain, the tricarboxylic acid cycle functions only partially and in both directions. Acidification of the cytosol occurs and pyruvate, the product of glycolysis, is transformed to lactate and ethanol, which represent the main fermentation reactions in plants. Alanine is the third most important product of anaerobic metabolism, resulting from high rates of amino acid...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Anoxia; Hypoxia; N metabolism; Fermentation products.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202002000200002
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Amino acid and ureide transport in the xylem of symbiotic soybean plants during short-term flooding of the root system in the presence of different sources of nitrogen Braz. J. Plant Physiol.
Thomas,André Luís; Sodek,Ladaslav.
The transport of organic N compounds to the shoot in the xylem sap of nodulated soybean plants was investigated in an attempt to better understand the changes in N metabolism under root hypoxia (first 5 days of flooding), with different sources of N in the medium. NO3- is beneficial for tolerance of plants to waterlogging, whereas other N sources such as NH4+ and NH4NO3, are not. Nevertheless, in the presence of NH4+ high levels of amino acids were transported in the xylem, consistent with its assimilation. Some increase in the transport of amino acids was also seen with NO3- nutrition during waterlogging, but not with N-free medium. Ureide transport in the xylem was severely reduced during waterlogging, consistent with impaired N2 fixation under these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Alanine; Hypoxia; N metabolism.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000200010
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N-partitioning, nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities in two contrasting varieties of maize PAB
Machado,Altair Toledo; Sodek,Ladaslav; Fernandes,Mânlio Silvestre.
In order to identify useful parameters for maize genetic breeding programs aiming at a more efficient use of N, two maize varieties of contrasting N efficiency, Sol da Manhã NF (efficient) and Catetão (inefficient) were compared. Experiments were carried out under field and greenhouse conditions, at low and high N levels. The parameters analysed included total and relative plant and grain N content, biomass and the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase in different parts of the plant. It was found that the translocation efficiency of N and photoassimilates to the developing seeds and the source-sink relations were significantly different for the two varieties. N content of the whole plant and grain, cob weight and the relative ear dry...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Nutrient transport; Nitrogen; Grain; Source sink relations; Plant breeding.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2001000200006
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Inoculação de Azospirillum amazonense em dois genótipos de milho sob diferentes regimes de nitrogênio Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo
Reis Junior,Fábio Bueno dos; Machado,Cynthia Torres de Toledo; Machado,Altair Toledo; Sodek,Ladaslav.
A adaptabilidade de genótipos de milho a ambientes onde os nutrientes não estejam prontamente disponíveis pode ser relacionada com a adaptação à predominância, nos solos, das formas de N nítrica e amoniacal e à associação com microrganismos benéficos como as bactérias diazotróficas e, ou, promotoras de crescimento de plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o comportamento de dois híbridos intervarietais de milho sob diferentes doses e formas de N, assim como o efeito da inoculação com Azospirillum amazonense, em um ensaio em casa de vegetação, utilizando vasos preenchidos com vermiculita e solução nutritiva de Hoagland como fonte de nutrientes. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial, constituindo os tratamentos em:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bactérias diazotróficas; Bactérias promotoras do crescimento; Zea mays.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832008000300022
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Xylem sap nitrogen compounds of some Crotalaria species Scientia Agricola
Vitória,Angela Pierre; Sodek,Ladaslav.
Thirteen species of Crotalaria were analysed for nitrogen compounds in the xylem root bleeding sap. Amino acids were the main form of organic nitrogen found, but only traces of ureides were present. Of the four species analysed for amino acid composition, asparagine was found to be the major amino acid, accounting for over 68% of the nitrogen transported. No striking deviations from this general pattern was found between species, between vegetative and floral stages of development, or between nodulated and non-nodulated plants. It was concluded that the Crotalaria species studied here have an asparagine-based nitrogen metabolism, consistent with many other non-ureide-producing legume species.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Crotalaria; Transport; Nitrogen; Amino acids; Asparagine.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90161999000300031
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Distribution of soluble amino acids in maize endosperm mutants Scientia Agricola
Toro,Alejandro Alberto; Medici,Leonardo Oliveira; Sodek,Ladaslav; Lea,Peter John; Azevedo,Ricardo Antunes.
For human nutrition the main source of vegetable proteins are cereal and legume seeds. The content of total soluble amino acids in mature endosperm of wild-type, opaque and floury maize (Zea mays L.) mutants were determined by HPLC. The total absolute concentration of soluble amino acids among the mutants varied depending on the mutant. The o11 and o13 mutants exhibited the highest average content, whereas o10, fl3 and fl1 exhibited the lowest average content. In general, the mutants exhibited similar concentrations of total soluble amino acids when compared to the wild-type lines, with the clear exception of mutants o11 and fl1, with the o11 mutant exhibiting a higher concentration of total soluble amino acids when compared to its wild-type counterpart...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Lysine; Threonine; Methionine.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162003000100014
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