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| Registros recuperados: 20 | |
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| Johnston, Robert J.; Weaver, Thomas F.; Smith, Lynn A.; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| Despite the many important uses (and potential abuses) of focus groups in survey design, the CV literature presents few guidelines to aid moderators in their interaction with focus group participants. This paper draws on the theory and practice of ethnographic interviewing to introduce general guidelines that can improve focus groups as an aid to CV research. The proposed guidelines illustrate types of questions that should reduce speculation and moderator-introduced bias in focus group responses, and improve the correspondence between focus group responses and actual behavior. The paper illustrates these ethnographic guidelines through a CV application concerning watershed resources. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31460 |
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| Newell, Laurienne Whinstanley; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| This paper reports on a choice experiment where respondents stated their preferences for different wetland parcels. The study used hypothetical surveys to measure respondents' preferences, but in one survey version respondents expected and received a follow-up question involving real monetary payments. The results indicate that those respondents who received hypothetical surveys that included a real-money question registered a different preference function from those respondents who received a survey that asked respondents to answer hypothetical questions only. The study finds that respondents may reverse their preferences for parcel attributes, such as public access to the parcel as related to presentation. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19623 |
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| Johnston, Robert J.; Swallow, Stephen K.; Bauer, Dana Marie. |
| Newer residents of rural, urban-fringe communities are often assumed to have preferences for the development and conservation of rural lands that differ from those of longer-term residents. The existing literature offers little to verify or quantify presumed preference shifts. This paper provides a systematic, quantitative examination of whether stated preferences for development and conservation tradeoffs differ according to length of residency in a rural community, and explores implications of these findings for assumptions regarding development and conservation preferences. Results are based on stated preferences estimated from a multi-attribute contingent choice survey of Rhode Island rural residents. Heterogeneity-according to length of town... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19683 |
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| Spencer, Michael A.; Swallow, Stephen K.; Miller, Christopher J.. |
| This paper studies the preferences and willingness-to-pay for individuals for volunteer water quality monitoring programs. The study involves supporting water quality monitoring at two ponds in the state of Rhode Island. The paper uses both a hypothetical and a real-payment contingent valuation survey to directly measure individual preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for volunteer water quality monitoring at the two ponds. The overall results of the study suggest that hypothetical WTP is not statistically greater than real WTP, and that the average survey respondent is willing to support water quality monitoring on one of the two ponds. The study also finds that the specified purpose of water quality monitoring and certain socioeconomic... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31504 |
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| Bauer, Dana Marie; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| Development in rural-urban fringe communities is increasing with the potential to damage healthy ecosystems and endanger the long-term persistence of resident flora and fauna. The environmental impacts of development include loss, degradation, and fragmentation of wildlife habitat, increased air and water pollution, increased soil erosion, and decreased aesthetic appeal of the landscape. Current land use policies rarely incorporate features of landscape-scale ecosystem health. This paper develops a model that combines ecological and economic constructs to determine the optimal allocation of development across a spatially-realistic landscape. The land allocation model establishes links between long-term metapopulation persistence and development through... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19394 |
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| Jiang, Yong; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| The public has increasingly demonstrated a strong support for open space preservation. Questions left to local policy-makers are how local governments can finance preservation of open space in a politically desirable way, whether there exists an optimal level of open space that can maximize the net value of developable land in a community and that can also be financed politically desirably, and what is the effect of the spatial configuration of preserved open space when local residents perceive open space amenities differ spatially. Our economic model found the condition for the existence of an optimal level of open space is not very restrictive, the increased tax revenue generated by the capitalization of open space amenity into property value can fully... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21205 |
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| Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| Ecosystem management may extend multiple use management, where economists identify and value a complex mix of ecosystem outputs. The dominant theme in conservation biology favors "safe minimum standards" (SMS) constraints on ecosystem attributes, which respond to complex and purely uncertain ecological knowledge and lead economists toward valuation questions that identify "tolerable" constraints. A hierarchical SMS constraint raises substitution possibilities among ecosystem-level components. Economists may identify unavoidable resource tradeoffs, such as in allocating land among elements of a reserve network, particularly when ecological wealth differs among geographically dispersed human communities. Economic and ecological ironies obfuscate... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31418 |
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| Uchida, Emi; Anderson, Christopher M.; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| Agriculture conventionally supplies food, fiber and fuel that consumers can purchase through the market. With the right incentives, farmers can also provide ecosystem services such as wildlife habitat, climate regulation, surface water flows and waste absorption and breakdown. Such incentives have so far come almost entirely from government-sponsored programs that rely on financial assistance to farmers to encourage them to alter agricultural practices or input mix to enhance ecosystem services. Programs recently implemented in Costa Rica and Columbia rely on payments by the beneficiaries of the ecosystem services, such as municipal water companies and water users (Pagiola et al. 2002). Few of these programs, however, have attempted to establish a market... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9955 |
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| Johnston, Robert J.; Swallow, Stephen K.; Bauer, Dana Marie; Anderson, Christopher M.. |
| The rural public may not only be concerned with the consequences of land management; residents may also have systematic preferences for policy instruments applied to management goals. Preferences for outcomes do not necessarily imply matching support for the underlying policy process. This study assesses relationships among support for elements of the policy process and preferences for management outcomes. Preferences are examined within the context of alternative proposals to manage growth and conserve landscape attributes in southern New England. Results are based on (a) stated preferences estimated from a multi-attribute contingent choice survey of rural residents, and (b) Likert-scale assessment of strength of support for land use policy tools.... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31346 |
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| Smith, Elizabeth C.; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| Research on public good auctions is intended to initiate development on new approaches to finance public goods, beyond government and philanthropic efforts. The researchers evaluate the potential to identify economic value for a subset of ecosystem services and markets that have the potential to provide for them. Empirical analysis focuses on public valuation for three specific types of ecosystem activities (bird habitat, sea grass restoration and shellfish restoration) in coastal Virginia. Data was collected using a field experiment employing an experimental auction approach with mechanisms to reduce free riding often seen in the experimental economics literature. These incentive mechanisms are applied to individual restoration activities and willingness... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Valuation; Public goods; Ecosystem services; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61654 |
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| Jiang, Yong; Swallow, Stephen K.; Paton, Peter. |
| Establishing habitat corridors has been an important strategy in many conservation practices. Nonetheless, the existing literature has ignored the role habitat corridors could play in reserve network design. Based on modern ecological theory, the effectiveness of a reserve system largely depends on its connectivity, but it is less clear how recent spatial modeling of reserve network design improves the connectivity of the reserve system as required by population persistence in a highly fragmented, heterogeneous landscape. This study explicitly incorporates the idea of habitat corridor into optimal reserve design, an approach which might significantly reduce the uncertainty brought by land use change or a source-sink habitat matrix. More importantly, by... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Nature reserve; Ecosystem; Spatial configuration; Amphibian; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19440 |
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| Jiang, Yong; Swallow, Stephen K.; McGonagle, Michael P.. |
| Benefit transfer has been an important, practical policy tool appealing to government agencies, especially when time or budget is constrained. However, the existing literature fails to support convergent validity of benefit transfer using the stated-preference method. This empirical study examines the convergent validity of benefit transfer using the choice modeling method, a potentially promising technique compatible with the heterogeneity of the transfer contexts. Based on a survey designed for Rhode Island (RI) and modified only slightly for Massachusetts (MA), regarding coastal land management, four convergent validity tests were conducted on the benefit transfer from RI to MA. Although results fail to support convergent validity in all aspects, the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Benefit transfer; Contingent choice method; Choice experiment; Convergent validity; Land management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20040 |
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| Sedjo, Roger A.; Swallow, Stephen K.. |
| International environmental and government organizations propose eco-labeling as a market incentive to cause industry to operate in an ecologically sustainable and biodiversity-friendly manner. A microeconomic analysis questions whether eco-labeling will cause producer profits in a competitive industry to decline, even under a voluntary system, and whether eco-labeling will necessarily generate different prices for labeled and unlabeled product. Using wood product as an example, results identify conditions that may exist when firms lose profits, even under a voluntary system, and where existing production constraints may lead to a single price, regardless of labeling. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Eco-labeling; Prices; Markets; Environmental Economics and Policy; D40; L10; L15. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10826 |
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| Registros recuperados: 20 | |
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