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| Hilbeck, Angelika; Meier, Matthias; Trtikova, Miluse. |
| We outline important underlying reasons that fuel the decades-long controversy over adverse effects of Bt toxins expressed in genetically modified plants on beneficial, nontarget organisms. Inconsistent evaluation standards and asymmetrical levels of scrutiny applied to studies reporting significant adverse effects compared to those finding no adverse effects are described using the examples of the green lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea) and the twospotted lady beetle (Adalia bipunctata). Additionally, the chosen style and concerted nature of the rather confrontational counter study and responses in the lady beetle cases bear striking similarities to other reported examples in the field of biosafety/risk science of genetically modified plants and to other... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Knowledge management. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24706/1/Hilbeck-etal-2012-EnvironSciEu-24-9-p1-5.pdf |
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| Hilbeck, Angelika; Mc Millan, Johanna M.; Meier, Matthias; Humbel, Anna; Schläpfer-Miller, Juanita; Trtikova, Miluse. |
| Background: In 2008/2009, Schmidt and colleagues published a study reporting lethal effects of the microbial Bt toxins Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb on the coccinellid biological control organisms Adalia bipunctata. Based on this study, in concert with over 30 other publications, Mon810 cultivation was banned in Germany in 2009. This triggered two commentaries and one experimental study all published in the journal ‘Transgenic Research’ that question the scientific basis of the German ban or claim to disprove the adverse effects of the Bt toxins on A. bipunctata reported by Schmidt and colleagues, respectively. This study was undertaken to investigate the underlying reasons for the different outcomes and rebuts the criticism voiced by the two other commentaries.... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy; Environmental aspects. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/23046/1/Hilbeck-etal-2012-EnvironSciEu-24-10-p1-12.pdf |
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