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| Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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| Udry, Christopher R.; Conley, Timothy G.. |
| In this chapter we examine social networks among farmers in a developing country. We use detailed data on economic activities and social interactions between people living in four study villages in Ghana. It is clear that economic development in this region is being shaped by the networks of information, capital and influence that permeate these communities. This chapter explores the determinants of these important economic networks. We first describe the patterns of information, capital, labor and land transaction connections that are apparent in these villages. We then discuss the interconnections between the various economic networks. We relate the functional economic networks to more fundamental social relationships between people in a reduced form... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Endogenous networks; Informal credit; Social learning; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; O12; D85. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28488 |
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| Goldstein, Markus; Udry, Christopher R.. |
| We examine the impact of ambiguous and contested land rights on investment and productivity in agricultural in Akwapim, Ghana. We show that individuals who hold powerful positions in a local political hierarchy have more secure tenure rights, and that as a consequence they invest more in land fertility and have substantially higher output. The intensity of investments on different plots cultivated by a given individual correspond to that individual's security of tenure over those specific plots, and in turn to the individual's position in the political hierarchy relevant to those specific plots. We interpret these results in the context of a simple model of the political allocation of land rights in local matrilineages. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land tenure; Investment; Institutions; Land Economics/Use; O12; O13; O17; P48. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28479 |
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| Udry, Christopher R.. |
| Child labor exists because it is the best response people can find in intolerable circumstances. Poverty and child labor are mutually reinforcing: because their parents are poor, children must work and not attend school, and then grow up poor. Child labor has two important special features. First, when financial markets are imperfect, the separation in time between the immediate benefits and long-delayed costs of sending children to work lead to too much child labor. Second, the costs and benefits of child labor are borne by different people. Targeted subsidies for school attendance are very effective in reducing child labor because they successfully address both of these problems. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Child labor; Human capital; Household economics; Labor and Human Capital; J24; O15. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28393 |
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| Duflo, Esther; Udry, Christopher R.. |
| In Cote d'Ivoire, as in much of Africa, husbands and wives farm different crops on separate plots. These different crops are differentially sensitive to particular kinds of rainfall shocks. We find that conditional on overall household expenditure, the composition of expenditure is sensitive to the gender of the recipient of a rainfall shock. For example, rainfall shocks associated with high women's income shift expenditure towards food. Social norms constrain the use of profits from yam cultivation, which is carried out by men. Correspondingly, we find that rainfall-induced fluctuations in income from yams are transmitted to expenditures on education and food, not to expenditures on private goods. We reject the hypothesis of complete insurance within... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Intra-household allocation; Insurance; Social norms; Mental accounts; Consumer/Household Economics; O12; D13. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28404 |
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| Alderman, Harold; Hoddinott, John; Haddad, Lawrence James; Udry, Christopher R.. |
| Within many African households, agricultural production is simultaneously carried out on many plots controlled by different members of the household. Detailed plot-level agronomic data from Burkina Faso provides striking evidence of inefficiencies in the allocation of factors of production across the plots controlled by different members of the household. Production function estimates imply that the value of household output could be increased by 10 to 20 percent by reallocating currently-used factors of production across plots. This finding contradicts standard models of agricultural households. A richer model of behavior, which recognizes that the individuals who comprise a household compete as well as cooperate, has important implications for the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42677 |
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| Registros recuperados: 10 | |
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