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| Blandford, David; Gaasland, Ivar; Vardal, Erling. |
| Despite the failure of the U.N. Copenhagen climate conference in December 2009 efforts are continuing to reach agreement on binding global commitments on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At the same time, efforts are still underway to conclude the Doha Round of trade negotiations through the World Trade Organization (WTO). Both of these agreements could have a significant impact on the level of activity in agriculture and the GHG emissions that it generates. In this paper we explore strategies to comply with both trade liberalization and GHG emission reduction commitments. We examine the implications of trade liberalization and a carbon tax, both of which affect agricultural output, as means of achieving emission reductions. We emphasize two diametrically... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108780 |
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| Blandford, David; Gaasland, Ivar; Vardal, Erling. |
| As a result of substantial government support, Norway is more or less self-sufficient in its main agricultural products. This contributes to both trade distortions and higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In multinational negotiations separate efforts are being made to liberalize trade (through the World Trade Organization) and to reduce global GHG emissions (through the United Nations). Using a model of Norwegian agriculture, we explore interconnections between trade liberalization and GHG emission reductions. We show that the Doha proposals would involve no major cut in either agricultural production or GHG emissions due to weakness in the disciplines on trade distorting support. We contrast further trade liberalization and the use of a carbon tax to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91729 |
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| Brunstad, Rolf Jens; Gaasland, Ivar; Vardal, Erling. |
| Without support, the levels of agricultural public goods will fall short of the demand in high cost countries like Norway, Finland and Iceland. However, as demonstrated in this paper using Norway as a case, the current support and agricultural activity is far out of proportions from a public goods perspective. Model simulations show that at most 40% of the current support level can be defended by the public good argument. Furthermore, the present support, stimulating high production levels, is badly targeted at the public goods in question. Since agricultural land is a major component of both food security and landscape preservation, thus giving rise to a high degree of cost complementarities between the two public goods, it would be more efficient to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Landscape preservation; Public goods; Agricultural policy; Numerical model; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24470 |
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