|
|
|
|
|
| Peigne, Joséphine; Vian, Jean François; Payet, Vincent; Saby, Nicolas. |
| It has become commonplace to consider ploughing as an agricultural practice that destroys soil fertility. Organic farmers have traditionally used the plough to till their soil and control weeds. However, there is a growing interest in adopting tillage practices without ploughing to preserve long-term soil fertility and in the hope, subsequently, of increasing crop yields. The aim of this paper is to assess if conservation tillage treatments in organic farming did in fact improve long-term soil fertility, wheat rooting and yield in a long term field experiment (2004–2015). We compared the effects of conservation tillage treatments (superficial tillage – ST- with chisel at 15 cm depth and very superficial tillage – VST- at 5–7 cm depth) and conventional... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32372/1/10yearsofACinOF.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Peigne, Joséphine; Gautronneau, Yvan; Vian, Jean François; Achard, Perrine; Chignier-Riboulon, Maxime; Ruffe, Lysiane; Vaskou, Claire. |
| Afin de suivre l’état physique d’un sol, différents outils d’observation au champ existent. En Europe du Nord, on retrouve le test VESS (Visual Evaluation of Soil Structure) issu du test Peerlkamp. Ce test VESS permet d’apprécier la qualité de la structure des sols au niveau des premiers horizons. Il est basé sur un système de notation de 1 (très bonne qualité de structure du sol) à 5 (mauvaise qualité de structure du sol). En pratique, sa réalisation sur le terrain dure 5 à 15 minutes. Il permet d’avoir diverses informations sur les agrégats du sol (taille, forme, force, couleur) et les éléments biologiques (présence de racines). On peut aussi apprécier les éventuelles porosités. En Nouvelle-Zélande, le test VSA (Visual Soil Assessment) est pratiqué.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality Education; Extension and communication. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/31137/1/peigne-etal-2016-GuideTestBeche-ISARA_Lyon.pdf |
| |
|
| |
|
|
| Vian, Jean François; Peigné, Joséphine; Chaussod, Rémi; Roger-Estrade, Jean. |
| Tillage modifies soil structure and crop residue distribution and in turn affects the ability of soil micro-organisms to degrade soil organic matter and release nutrients for crop growth. In organic farming, soil microbiological activity is of primary importance as nutrient supply is mainly dependent on the degradation of soil organic matter by soil micro-organisms. The aim of this work was therefore to study, in organic farming, the effects of four tillage systems [mouldboard ploughing (MP), shallow mouldboard ploughing (SMP), reduced tillage (RT) and shallow soil tillage (ST)] on soil structure, soil microbial biomass (SMB) and its potential activity (Cmin) during the first year following the treatments. To study simultaneously the effects of soil... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Soil biology Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Soil tillage. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/19497/1/Vian%2C_2009_Effects_of_four_tillage_systems_on_soil_structure_and_soil_microbial_biomass_in_organic_farming.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Fliessbach, Andreas; Hammerl, Verena; Antichi, Daniele; Barberi, Paolo; Berner, Alfred; Bufe, Cornelia; Delfosse, Philippe; Gattinger, Andreas; Grosse, Meike; Haase, Thorsten; Heß, Jürgen; Hissler, Christophe; Koal, Phillip; Kranzler, Andreas; Krauss, Maike; Mäder, Paul; Peigné, Joséphine; Pritsch, Karin; Reintam, Endla; Surböck, Andreas; Vian, Jean François; Schloter, Michael. |
| Field trials on reduced soil tillage under organic farming conditions across Europe were used to compare the soil quality changes over time. Soil organic carbon fractions, soil carbon stocks and microbial community structure were analysed. Most severe differences between plough and reduced tillage were found in the top ten cm of the soil profile. Differences became less or not significant in deeper layers. Analyses are still ongoing and will only be ready to be presented at the conference. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Soil biology; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/24293/1/24293%20TILMAN%20Fliessbach_revised_MM.pdf |
| |
|
|
| Vian, Jean François; Peigné, Joséphine; Chaussod, Rémi; Roger-Estrade, Jean. |
| Soil tillage modifies environmental conditions of soil microorganisms and their ability to release nitrogen. We compare the influence of reduced tillage (RT) and mouldboard ploughing (MP) on the soil microbial functioning in organic farming. In order to connect soil structure generated by these tillage systems on the soil microbial biomass we adopt a particular sampling scheme based on the morphological characterisation of the soil structure by the description of the soil profile. This method reveals the influence of soil structure on soil microbial biomass and allows a more precise assessment of the impact of tillage managements on the soil microbial functioning. |
| Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. |
Palavras-chave: Soil. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/9775/1/Vian%2D2007%2Dtillage_systems.pdf |
| |
|
|
|
