SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Conservation of biodiversity is a complex issue. Apart from the creation of nature reserves, there is a plethora of other factors that are part of this complex web. One such factor is the public knowledge of species. Since public funding is imperative for the conservation of species and creation of reserves for them it is important to determine the public’s awareness of species and their knowledge about them. In the absence of such awareness and knowledge, it is possible that the public may misallocate their support. In other words, resources may be provided for species that do not need support urgently. We show how availability of balanced information about species helps the public to make rational decisions and to allocate support (e.g. monetary) to...

Birds - Their importance to visitors to an Australian Rainforest

Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Conservation; Australia’s tropical wildlife; Public knowledge; Balanced information.; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51417

Lamington National Park in Queensland, Australia is noted for its rainforest and is part of Australia’s fourteen World Heritage listed properties but no systematic study has been done of the importance of birds to its visitors. This study rectifies this situation. It is based on data from survey forms handed to visitors at an important site in this park and completed by visitors following their visit. This yielded 622 useable replies. These enabled us to establish the comparative importance of birds as an attraction to this site. Furthermore, logit regression is used to analyze and to identify factors that increase the likelihood of a visitor saying that birds are an important attraction. In addition, the relative importance to visitors of various...

Why farmers continue to use pesticides despite environmental health and sustainability costs

Palavras-chave: Australia; Biodiversity; Birds; Rainforest; Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48976

Use of chemical inputs such as pesticides have increased agricultural production and productivity. However, negative externalities, too, have increased. The externalities include damage to the environment, agricultural land, fisheries, fauna and flora. Another major externality has been the unintentional destruction of beneficial predators of insects which has led to a virulence of many species of agricultural pests. Mortality and morbidity among agricultural workers, especially in developing countries from exposure to pesticides, are also common. The costs from these externalities are large and affect farmers’ returns. However, despite these high costs, farmers continue to use pesticides and in increasing quantities. In this paper, we examine this...

Economic, Educational and Conservation Benefits of Sea Turtle Based Ecotourism: A Study focused on Mon Repos

Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Agriculture; Environment; Human health; Sustainability; Hysteresis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48363

Antarctic Tourists, Wildlife and the Environment: Attractions and Reactions to Antarctica

Palavras-chave: Sea turtle based ecotourism; Conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55110

Provides background on the development and nature of Antarctic tourism and associated environmental issues, as well as agreements and regulations affecting environmental management in Antarctica. Following an outline of the survey methodology and provision of information on the socioeconomic profiles of the respondents, results of a survey of Antarctic tourists on the Russian registered ship the ‘Akademik Ioffe’ are reported. The importance of Antarctic wildlife as an attraction for these Antarctic tourists is then given particular attention. The study considers amongst other things how important Antarctic wildlife was in convincing these tourists to undertake their trip to Antarctica, the importance to the tourists of seeing different species of...

OLS and Tobit Estimates: When is Substitution Defensible Operationally?

Palavras-chave: Antarctica; Tourism; Wildlife; Antarctic Treaty; Madrid Protocol; Environmental protection.; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51295

Field data are used to illustrate that, other things constant, regression results using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) converge to Tobit estimates as the number of zeros in the regressand decrease. Tobit estimates are theoretically superior to OLS estimates when using censored data. However, if little difference exists between OLS and Tobit estimates, OLS may be operationally acceptable. OLS may even be optimal in a bounded rationality sense because the extra cost of using Tobit analysis may be less than the extra benefits from a very slight increase in accuracy.

Public Valuation of and Attitudes towards the Conservation and Use of the Hawksbill Turtle: An Australian Case Study

Palavras-chave: Bounded rationality; Censored data; Ordinary Least Squares; Tobit; Regressand; Willingness to pay studies.; Public Economics.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90519

Tisdell, Clement A.; Swarna Nantha, Hemanath; Wilson, Clevo.

Managing hawksbill turtle populations for use and conservation requires (i) adequate scientific understanding of their population status and dynamics and (ii) consideration of the public’s attitudes to this species. This study employs experimental surveys to assess the Australian public’s attitudes towards the hawksbill turtle, their knowledge of it, their views about its sustainable commercial harvesting, and their support and financial contribution for the species’ conservation. Contingent valuation reveals that the Australian public’s willingness to contribute to the conservation of the hawksbill turtle is high even in comparison to threatened Australian bird and mammal fauna. Most of this stated contribution is based on the intrinsic (non-use) value...

Conflicts over Natural Resources and the Environment: Economics and Security

Palavras-chave: Attitudes; CITES; Economics of conservation; Eretmochelys imbricata; Hawksbill turtle; Non-use economic value; Sustainable use; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55066

None

A Study of the Impact of Ecotourism on Environmental Education and Conservation: The case of Turtle Watching at an Australian Site

Palavras-chave: Natural Resource Conflict; Shared Natural Resources; Asia; Economic Security; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48967

The importance of environmental education as a component of ecotourism is highlighted. The extent of environmental education and its impact on attitudes to conservation of sea turtles and actions by ecotourists to support such conservation as a result of their visits to Mon Repos Conservation Park (Queensland), an important marine turtle rookery, is examined. To do this, results from 519 usable survey forms completed by ecotourists are analysed. It is found that a considerable amount of environmental education is obtained by visitors and that this has positive and statistically significant impacts on their desire to protect sea turtles and their intended actions to do so. The importance of the interaction of tourists with wildlife as a contributor to...

Empirical Evidence Showing The Relationships Between Three Approaches For Pollution Control

Palavras-chave: Ecotourism; Environmental education; Sea turtles; Sustainable tourism; Wildlife conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48365

Wilson, Clevo.

Willingness to pay models have shown the theoretical relationships between the contingent valuation, cost of illness and the avertive behaviour approaches. In this paper, field survey data are used to compare the relationships between these three approaches and to demonstrate that contingent valuation bids exceed the sum of cost of illness and the avertive behaviour approach estimates. The estimates provide a validity check for CV bids and further support the claim that contingent valuation studies are theoretically consistent.

Open-Cycle Hatcheries, Tourism and Conservation of Sea Turtles: Economic and Ecological Analysis

Palavras-chave: Avertive Behaviour; Contingent Valuation; Cost of Illness; Willingness to Pay; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48952

Considers the role that tourism-based sea turtle-hatcheries can play in conserving populations of sea turtles by combining economic analysis of markets with ecological parameters. Background is provided on the nature and development of such hatcheries in developing countries, giving particular attention to Sri Lanka. The modelling provided helps with the assessment of the impacts of turtle hatcheries on the conservation of sea turtles and enables ecological consequences of tourism, based on such hatcheries, to be better appreciated than in the absence of such modelling. The results demonstrate that sea turtle hatcheries that operate for tourist purposes can make a positive contribution to sea turtle conservation, but this depends on the manner in which...

Attitudes to entry fees to national parks: results and policy implications from a Queensland case study

Palavras-chave: Ecological economics; Nature conservation; Sea turtles; Ranching; Developing countries; Sri Lanka; Sea turtle hatcheries; Tourism; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48959

Examines visitor attitudes and whether visitors are willing to pay to enter Lamington National Park and under what circumstances they would do so. First a sample of visitors is asked a general (normative) question as to whether visitors should pay to visit Lamington National Park and in another question (positive) they are asked whether they would be more willing to pay if the money collected would be invested in the park to improve visitor facilities and for conservation work. The results show that visitors are more willing to accept the ‘user-pays’ principle if the money will be used for the benefit of the national park and its visitors. It was found that foreigners are more in support for a ‘user-pay’ fee than Australians, and among Australians, those...

Breeding and feeding pigs in Australia and Vietnam

Palavras-chave: Entry fees; National parks; Overseas and Australian visitors; Attitudes to ‘user-pays’ principle; Lamington National Park; Policy implications; Conservation benefits; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48960

Knowledge and Willingness to Pay for the Conservation of Wildlife Species: Experimental Results Evaluating Australian Tropical Species

This report establishes that ACIAR Research Project AS2/1994/023, ‘Breeding and feeding pigs in Australia and Vietnam’ (supported by ACIAR from July 1995 to the end of 2000) has yielded an extraordinarily high rate of economic return on the funds invested. The collaborating agencies were the Department of Primary Industries, Queensland, James Cook University and The University of Queensland in Australia, and the Institute of Agricultural Sciences of South Vietnam in Vietnam. The best estimate benefit–cost ratio for investment in this project is at least 159:1 with a corresponding internal rate of return of 900% and a net present value of A$496 million. This is a total value, not an annual value. To give context to the number A$496 m, in 2000, 1.3 million...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Pig; Vietnam; Australia; Breeding; Feeding; High rate of return; High impact; High economic return; DPI QLD; James Cook University; University of QLD; Institute of Agricultural Sciences of South Vietnam; Benefit-cost ratio; Net present value; Internal rate of return; Significant returns; Genetic; Nutrition; Pork; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47695

The nature of an experiment involving 204 residents is outlined and the results are reported and analysed. Two consecutive surveys of the respondents provide data about their stated knowledge of 23 wildlife species present in tropical Australia, most of which exclusively occur there. In addition, these surveys provide data about the willingness of respondents to pay for the conservation of those species belonging to three taxa; reptiles, mammals, and birds. Thus it is possible to compare the respondents’ stated knowledge of the species with their willingness to pay for their conservation, and to draw relevant inferences from this. From the initial survey and these associations, interesting relationships can be observed between those variables (knowledge...

Wildlife-based Tourism and Increased Tourist Support for Nature Conservation Financially and Otherwise: Evidence from Sea Turtle Ecotourism at Mon Repos

Palavras-chave: Conservation policies; Knowledge and willingness to pay; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51293

Arguments of most conservationists supporting ecotourism have been based upon the views that it is environmentally friendly as a resource-use and that receipts from it can counter demands to use the natural resources involved for more extractive economic purposes. But wildlife-based ecotourism can also have positive impacts in itself on the willingness of tourists to pay for wildlife conservation, strengthen the pro-conservation attitudes of tourists and foster personal actions by them which contribute to wildlife conservation. These aspects are explored in this article on the basis of a survey of tourists visiting Mon Repos Beach near Bundaberg, Queensland for the purpose of watching marine turtles. The results enable several of the conservation...

Conflicts over natural resources and the environment: Economics and Security

Palavras-chave: Tourism; Conservation; Sea Turtles; Ecotourism; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48364

Environmental and Pro-Social Norms: Evidence from 30 Countries

None

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Natural Resource conflict; Economic security; Shared resources; Asia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/145100

Torgler, Benno; Frey, Bruno S.; Wilson, Clevo.

The paper investigates the relationship between pro-social norms and its implications for improved environmental outcomes, an area which has been neglected in the environmental economics literature. We provide empirical evidence, demonstrating a strong link between perceived environmental cooperation (reduced public littering) and increased voluntary environmental morale, using European Values Survey (EVS) data for 30 Western and Eastern European countries. The robust results suggest that environmental morale and perceived environmental cooperation, as well as identifying the factors that strengthen these relationships, potentially bring about better environmental outcomes.

Economics, Wildlife Tourism and Conservation: Three Case Studies

Palavras-chave: Environmental Preferences; Environmental Morale; Conditional Cooperation; Pro-Social Behavior; Environmental Economics and Policy; H260; H730; D640.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8225

Information and Wildlife Valuation: Experiments and Policy

SUMMARY This report presents the results of an economics component of the National Interdisciplinary Project (NIP) on wildlife tourism in Australia. Objectives of Study The main objectives of the study were: • to outline and assess the role that economics can play in the valuation and management of wildlife-based tourism; • to undertake appropriate case studies to highlight the value of economics and its limits in assessing wildlife tourism in each case; • given the importance of nature conservation for sustainable tourism, including for the sustainability of its economic value, take into account relevant environmental issues involved in wildlife tourism; and • to make recommendations on the basis of these studies that will help managers of wildlife...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Valuation and management; Wildlife-based tourism; Nature conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51416

An experiment involving 204 residents of Brisbane, Australia is outlined and the results are reported and analysed. Two consecutive surveys of the respondents provide data about their stated knowledge of 23 wildlife species present in tropical Australia, many of which exclusively occur there. In addition, these surveys provide data about the willingness of respondents to pay for the conservation of those species belonging to three taxa: reptiles, mammals, and birds. The respondents’ stated knowledge of the species is compared with their willingness to pay for species’ conservation, and relevant inferences are drawn. When the respondents’ knowledge of the species is experimentally increased in a balanced way, it is found to result in more dispersion...

Endangerment and Likeability of Wildlife Species: How Important are they for Proposed Payments for Conservation

Palavras-chave: Q51; Q57; Q58; Environmental Economics and Policy; Biodiversity; Contingent valuation; Endangered species; Environmental evaluation; Knowledge; Wildlife conservation..

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51409

Tisdell, Clement A.; Swarna Nantha, Hemanath; Wilson, Clevo.

Examines empirically the relative influence of the degree of endangerment of wildlife species and their stated likeability on individuals’ willingness to pay (WTP) for their conservation. To do this, it utilises data obtained from the IUCN Red List and likeability and WTP data obtained from two serial surveys of a sample of the Australian public who were requested to assess 24 Australian wildlife species in each of three animal classes: mammals, birds and reptiles. Between the first and second survey, respondents were provided with extra information about the focal species. This information resulted in the clear dominance of endangerment as the major influence on the WTP of respondents for the conservation of the focal wildlife species. Our results throw...