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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| A brief review of the efforts made to acquire a knowledge of the Ocean, and a general account of the opinions held prior to the year 1872 as to the physical and biological conditions of the great ocean basins, may form an appropriate Introduction to the Narrative of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger. The objects which the promoters had in view when they urged Her Majesty's Government to fit out and despatch an Expedition on a special scientific investigation of the depths of the sea will thus be indicated. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR] |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4746.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| The Challenger left England on the 21st December 1872, and experienced heavy southwesterly gales until the 30th, when the parallel of Cape Finisterre was reached. From this position to Lisbon, which port was reached on the 3rd January 1873, the weather was variable, but on the whole fine, so that it was possible to test the sounding and dredging gear, and instruct the ship's company in duties new to nearly all of them. Five soundings and three hauls of the dredge were obtained in depths varying from 325 to 1975 fathoms (see Sheets 2 and 3). These first operations were not very successful, as the sounding line parted on three occasions, the dredge rope once, and the dredge on one occasion came up foul. These accidents were due partly to inexperience, and... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4750.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| The second visit of the Challenger to Bermuda lasted from the 31st May till the 13th June, and during this time as well as during the visit in April, the Members of the Expedition were hospitably received by the Governor, Sir Henry Lefroy, the naval and military officers stationed on the island, and the inhabitants; everyone being interested in the objects of the Expedition, and anxious to render assistance. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR] |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4754.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| On the 2nd February, the day after leaving Kerguelen Island, the weather in the forenoon being fine and clear, a successful sounding and dredging were obtained in 150 fathoms, on a hard bottom (Station 150). The bottom was covered with a coarse gravel; the dredge brought up a large number of stones, fragments of rocks of irregular form, varying in size from 1 to 7 centimetres in diameter, with the angles more or less rounded, but much less so than those of ordinary rolled pebbles. They were blue-black, and the majority had a compact structure and were fine grained, while others were porous with a rough surface. Macroscopically they appeared to be basalts or basaltic lavas, but examined with the microscope it was seen that they belonged to the felspathic... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4761.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| The deep-sea investigations conducted on board H.M. Ships " Lightning," "Porcupine," and" Shearwater," in the years 1868, 1869, 1870 and 1871, and the subsequent correspondence between the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, the Council of the Royal Society, and Dr. W. B. Carpenter, C.B., F.R.S. , have been referred to in the preceding introductory chapter. The practical outcome of these preliminary expeditions and negotiations was the decision by the Government and the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to equip an Expedition for the examination of the physical and biological conditions of the deep sea throughout the great ocean basins. The proposal to defray the expense of such an Expedition out of the public funds received the cordial assent of the... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4749.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| The island of Kerguelen is throughout mountainous, made up of a series of steep-sided valleys separated by ridges and mountain masses, which rise to very considerable heights. Mount Ross, the highest, is 6120 feet in altitude, Mount Richards 4000 feet, Mount Crozier 3250, Mount Wyville Thomson 3160, Mount Hooker 2600, and Mount Moseley 2400. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR] |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4758.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| The Challenger left Santa Cruz, Tenerife, on the evening of the 14th February. The weather was bright and pleasant, with a light breeze from the northeast. A southwesterly course was pursued for a few days, until well within the northern limit of the trade wind, after which the route followed was, as nearly as practicable, in a straight line to Sombrero Island, the outlying sentinel at the northeast extremity of the Lesser Antilles. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR] |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4752.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| The Expedition left Porto Praya at 8 P.M. on the 9th August, and a course was shaped for St. Paul's Rocks. Owing to the season of the year in which the passage was made, the course was necessarily somewhat erratic; the ship proceeding to the southeastward along the African coast until the S.E. trade was reached in lat. 3° 8' N., long. 14° 49' 'W, and then standing over to the westward for St. Paul's Rocks. The soundings and temperatures obtained must, therefore, be divided into two sections - 1st, the southeasterly section towards the equator; and 2nd, the equatorial section. [NOT CONTROLLED OCR] |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4755.pdf |
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| Wyville Thomson, C; Murray, J. |
| One of the chief objects of the Expedition was to collect information as to the distribution of temperature in the waters of the ocean. It was therefore important to observe the temperature, not only at the surface, but at the bottom, and at intermediate depths. The determination of the temperature of surface water is simple. It suffices to collect a sample in a bucket, taking care that it is not contaminated with water, either from the scuppers, or from the discharge pipes of the engine, to plunge a good thermometer into it, and observe it carefully. The thermometers 1 supplied for this purpose were very sensitive, and divided into single degrees of Fahrenheit's scale. For the purpose of observing the temperature of the waters below the surface in lakes... |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 1885 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1885/publication-4751.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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