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| Registros recuperados: 64 | |
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| Simtowe, Franklin; Zeller, Manfred; Phiri, Alexander. |
| Moral hazard is widely reported as a problem in credit and insurance markets, mainly arising from information asymmetry. Although theorists have attempted to explain the success of Joint Liability Lending (JLL) schemes in mitigating moral hazard, empirical studies are rare. This paper investigates the determinants of moral hazard among JLL schemes from Malawi, using group level data from 99 farm and non-farm credit groups. Results reveal that peer selection, peer monitoring, peer pressure, dynamic incentives and variables capturing the extent of matching problems explain most of the variation in the incidence of moral hazard among credit groups. The implications are that Joint Liability Lending institutions will continue to rely on social cohesion and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Moral hazard; Joint liability; Dynamic incentives; Group lending; Malawi; Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25287 |
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| Glenk, Klaus; Barkmann, Jan; Schwarze, Stefan; Zeller, Manfred; Marggraf, Rainer. |
| Ecosystem services generate benefits that enter human consumption either directly or indirectly via their contribution to human production activities. In this contribution, we provide evidence that (i) the demand of peasants for ecosystem services in rural Indonesia depends on relative poverty; and that (ii) the type of reaction to poverty depends on the specific relation of the ecosystem services to peasant production and consumption. In early 2005 a representative choice experiment study was conducted in the Lore Lindu area in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, to quantify regional economic preferences (marginal willingessto- pay: MWTP) for four different ecosystem services (n=249; rattan and water availability, shading in cacao agroforestry, population size... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Relative poverty; Choice experiment; Ecosystem services; Environmental valuation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q21; Q51; Q56; Q57. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25681 |
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| Zeller, Manfred; Sharma, Manohar P.; Henry, Carla; Lapenu, Cecile. |
| Development institutions and projects frequently seek to target poorer segments of the population. Yet, existing methods for evaluating their outreach are generally unsuited to most operational settings, since they are either too costly and cumbersome (e.g., detailed income or household surveys), or they produce results that are not comparable between villages or regions within a country (e.g., participatory poverty appraisals). This paper presents a new and operationally suitable method to measure the poverty of clients of development projects in relation to the general population of nonclients. The method was developed in response to demands by donors and development practitioners for a low-cost evaluation instrument that could be used as a regular... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16443 |
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| Wollni, Meike; Zeller, Manfred. |
| Historically low prices in the conventional coffee market have caused financial and social hardship among coffee farmers. In the face of this crisis, specialty markets have attracted the attention of the international donor community. These market segments have shown consistent growth over the last decade and exhibit price premiums in international markets. Therefore, if higher prices are passed on to farmers, access to specialty markets could help to alleviate the crisis brought on by low prices in the conventional sector. The present study attempts to identify the factors that determine farmers' participation in specialized markets and whether participation in these markets leads to higher prices for farmers. A two-stage model is used to analyze farmers'... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Central America; Costa Rica; Coffee; Specialty markets; Cooperatives; Agribusiness; Marketing; Q13; L1. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25670 |
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| Diagne, Aliou; Zeller, Manfred; Sharma, Manohar P.. |
| This paper presents a new methodological framework for measuring the level of household access to credit. It provides an analytical framework for examining the determinants of household credit limits and derives implications on information needed to examine the extent to which households are credit constrained. Empirical application of this method involves directly eliciting credit limit information in household surveys. Illustrations are provided using data from Bangladesh and Malawi. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16465 |
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| Zeller, Manfred; Beuchelt, Tina; Fischer, Isabel; Heidhues, Franz. |
| Most of the upland areas of Southeast Asia are characterized by insufficient infrastructure, low productivity in smallholder crop and animal production, mounting environmental problems such as soil and forest degradation and loss of biodiversity, increasing population pressure, and widespread poverty, particular in rural areas. While some upland areas in South East Asia have been experiencing considerable progress during the past twenty years, others have stagnated or even declined with respect to economic, social and environmental objectives of development. The purpose of the paper is to describe major trends regarding sustainable development in the upland areas of selected countries in South East Asia, and review explanatory approaches for the observed... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92831 |
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| Zeller, Manfred; Sharma, Manohar P.; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Rashid, Shahidur. |
| In the last two decades, nongovernmental organizations in Bangladesh have provided millions of poor rural people with savings and credit services at low cost. These services have reduced poverty and may have improved food security and nutrition and achieved positive social change as well. The relative success of these microfinance institutions merits an in-depth examination of their structure, conduct, and performance and the role they play in reducing poverty. This report analyzes the fit between the rural poor and three key NGOs that represent the variety of microfinance institutions in Bangladesh. The report evaluates the effects of microfinance credit programs on household resource allocation, income generation, food and non-food consumption, and the... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16522 |
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| Alcaraz V., Gabriela; Zeller, Manfred. |
| An important dimension of poverty is access to food. Household food security implies access to the food needed for a healthy and productive life. Lack of access to and/or impaired utilization of food contribute to household food insecurity. This study compares the usefulness of a standardized food insecurity scale for determining the food insecurity status of rural and urban households in Bangladesh and Uganda, and for predicting poverty status. The analysis uses data from the IRIS Composite Survey Household Questionnaire (2004), which consists of 1,587 households (approximately 800 households in each country). The coping mechanisms adopted in the presence of food shortages represent the building blocks for the development of the scale (7 items). In order... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity scale; Poverty; Bangladesh; Uganda; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; I32; O11; Q18. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57164 |
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| Zeller, Manfred; Diagne, Aliou; Mataya, Charles. |
| In Malawi, maize is the major crop and food staple. Given limited off-farm employment opportunities, much-needed increases in household income for improving food security must come from gains in agricultural productivity through better technology and more profitable crops. In the past, agricultural policy promoted hybrid maize and, more recently, tobacco to increase smallholder income. This paper presents an analysis of what determines the adoption of these two crops and what kind of income effects follow from adoption. Apart from factor endowment and exposure to agroecological risks, differences in the household's access to financial and commodity markets significantly influence its cropping shares and farm income. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Employment; Non-agricultural; Malawi; Tobacco; Price; Food Security; Maize; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97054 |
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| Saint-Macary, Camille; Keil, Alwin; Zeller, Manfred. |
| In Vietnam, a quasi-private property regime has been established in 1993, with the issuance exchangeable and mortgageable land use right certificates. Using primary qualitative and quantitative data, this paper investigates the role of the titling policy in fostering the use of soil conservation practices by upland farmers in the northern mountains region. There, population growth and growing market demands have induced farmers to intensify agricultural production onto steep slopes. While poverty has been reduced, environmental 16 problems such as soil erosion, landslides, and declining soil fertility have become severe over the past years. Our findings suggest that soil conservation technologies although relatively well known are perceived as being... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Land titling; Technology adoption; Upland agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; O13; Q24; Q56. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51763 |
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| Registros recuperados: 64 | |
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