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| Richter, Susan M.. |
| The economic literature has highlighted how in the absence of income insurance risk averse households may voluntarily withdraw from credit markets, since contract terms may transfer too much risk to the household (Boucher, Carter, and Guirkinger, 2007). Therefore, households may forgo activities with higher expected income in favor of activities with less income variability across states of nature (Morduch, 1995). Recent literature has also evaluated how remittances provide households with insurance against income shocks (Yang and Choi, 2007; Rosenzweig and Stark, 1989) and how remittances may help households bypass financial intermediaries (Woodruff and Zenteno, 2001; Taylor, Rozelle, and de Brauw, 2003). There has been minimal attention, however, on how... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Health Economics and Policy; F22; F24; L14; O1; 015. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6261 |
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| Self, Sharmistha; Grabowski, Richard. |
| The Asian financial crisis surprised the world and resulted in steep economic downturns in parts of East and Southeast Asia. Its apparent quick recovery however would imply that there was negligible impact on human development. This paper challenges this notion. Using cross-country data from various Human Development Reports, this paper examines what factors were responsible for affecting overall human development in the pre-crisis and post-crisis period. The results indicate that structural changes have occurred and significant social problems persist in the post-crisis period in Southeast and East Asia, which are apparent through declining human and gender development for the region. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Financial crisis; Human development; Structural change; Financial Economics; Labor and Human Capital; 010; 015; 053. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50152 |
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| Gibson, John; McKenzie, David; Rohorua, Halahingano; Stillman, Steven. |
| Migration of workers from developing to developed countries and the resulting remittance flows are important development policies. World Bank calculations show that restrictions on international migration have larger welfare costs than the more widely studied restrictions on international trade. But estimated gains from migration may be affected by selection bias, with differences in outcomes for migrants and non-migrants reflecting unobserved differences in ability, skills, and motivation, rather than the act of moving itself. This poster illustrates this selection bias in commonly used statistical corrections for nonrandom selection. A unique survey conducted by the authors of Tongan migrants in New Zealand, and of non-migrants in Tonga is used. New... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Migration; Selection; Natural Experiment; Labor and Human Capital; 015; J61; F22; C93. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25704 |
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| Schultz, T. Paul. |
| Wage-differentials by education of men and women are examined from African household surveys to suggest private wage returns to schooling. It is commonly asserted that returns are highest at primary school levels and decrease at secondary and postsecondary levels, whereas private returns in six African countries are today highest at the secondary and post secondary levels, and rates are similar for women as for men. The large public subsidies for postsecondary education in Africa, therefore, are not needed to motivate students to enroll, and those who have in the past enrolled in these levels of education are disproportionately from the better-educated families. Higher education in Africa could be more efficient and more equitably distributed if the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Africa; Wage returns to schooling; Inequality; HIV; AIDS; Labor and Human Capital; 015; 055; J31; J24. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28481 |
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| Thirtle, Colin G.; Lin, Lin; Piesse, Jenifer. |
| Twenty percent of the world population, or 1.2 billion live on less than $1 per day; 70% of these are rural and 90% in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Research led technological change in agriculture generates sufficient productivity growth to give high rates of return in African and Asia and has a substantial impact on poverty, currently reducing this number by 27 million per annum, whereas productivity growth in industry and services has no impact. The per capita "cost" of poverty reduction by means of agricultural research expenditures in Africa is $144 and in Asia $180, or 50 cents per day, but this is covered by output growth. By contrast, the per capita cost for the richer countries of Latin America is over $11,000. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Productivity; Poverty Reduction; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; 011; 013; 015. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25834 |
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