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Registros recuperados: 14
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Flowering-time genes modulate meristem determinacy and growth form in Arabidopsis thaliana Naturalis
Melzer, S.; Lens, F.; Gennen, J.; Vanneste, S.; Rohde , A.; Beeckman, T..
Plants have evolved annual and perennial life forms as alternative strategies to adapt reproduction and survival to environmental constraints. In isolated situations, such as islands, woody perennials have evolved repeatedly from annual ancestors1. Although the molecular basis of the rapid evolution of insular woodiness is unknown, the molecular difference between perennials and annuals might be rather small, and a change between these life strategies might not require major genetic innovations2,3. Developmental regulators can strongly affect evolutionary variation4 and genes involved in meristem transitions are good candidates for a switch in growth habit. We found that the MADS box proteins SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and FRUITFULL...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Flowering-time; Meristem determinacy; Growth form; Arabidopsis thaliana; Insular woodiness; Secondary growth; Annual life forms; 42.56.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/429531
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Bucculatrix ainsliella Murtfeldt, a new North American invader already widespread on northern red oaks (Quercus rubra) in Western Europe (Bucculatricidae) Naturalis
Nieukerken, E.J. van; Doorenweerd, C.; Ellis, W.N.; Huisman, K.J.; Koster, J.C.; Mey, W.; Muus, T.S.T.; Schreurs, A..
Bucculatrix ainsliella Murtfeldt, 1905 is for the first time reported from Europe: the Netherlands, Belgium, and adjacent Germany. DNA barcodes confirm its identity. It is the first North American lepidopteranspecies feeding on northern red oak Quercus rubra ever found in Europe, and only the second North American oak-feeding insect found in Europe. The species has regularly been found in the Netherlands and northern Belgium since 2006, and in 2011 also in Nordrhein-Westfalen in Germany, adjacent to the Dutch border, but the earliest records are from the Netherlands, Amersfoort in 1989 and 1990. Early stages, leafmines, and the adult are described, illustrated, and diagnosed against oak-feeding Bucculatrix ulmella Zeller, 1848 and other similar species....
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Bucculatrix ainsliella; Invasive species; Northern red oaks; Quercus rubra; Bucculatricidae; The Netherlands; Belgium; Germany; 42.75; 42.56.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/433335
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Woodiness within the Spermacoceae–Knoxieae alliance (Rubiaceae): retention of the basal woody condition in Rubiaceae or recent innovation? Naturalis
Lens, F.; Groeninkx, I.; Smets, E.; Dessein, S..
† Background and Aims The tribe Spermacoceae is essentially a herbaceous Rubiaceae lineage, except for some species that can be described as ‘woody’ herbs, small shrubs to treelets, or lianas. Its sister tribe Knoxieae contains a large number of herbaceous taxa, but the number of woody taxa is higher compared to Spermacoceae. The occurrence of herbaceous and woody species within the same group raises the question whether the woody taxa are derived from herbaceous taxa (i.e. secondary woodiness), or whether woodiness represents the ancestral state (i.e. primary woodiness). Microscopic observations of wood anatomy are combined with an independent molecular phylogeny to answer this question. † Methods Observations of wood anatomy of 21 woody Spermacoceae and...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Knoxieae; LM; Primary woodiness; Rubiaceae; Rubioideae; Secondary woodiness; Spermacoceae; Wood anatomy; 42.56.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/428974
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Vestured pits: a diagnostic character in the secondary xylem of Myrtales Naturalis
Jansen, S.; Pletsers, A.; Rabaey, D.; Lens, F..
Vestures are small projections from the secondary cell wall associated with tracheary elements of the secondary xylem. They are usually associated with bordered pits and characterize various angiosperm families, including important timber species such as Dipterocarpaceae and Eucalyptus trees. The micromorphology and distribution of vestures were studied in 22 species representing all families within the order Myrtales based on light and scanning electron microscopy. Vestures are consistently present near the outer pit aperture of bordered vessel pits, suggesting the synapomorphic character of this feature for the entire order. It is unclear in which geological period this feature originated in the evolution of the pre-Myrtalean lineages. In some species...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Vestures; Wood anatomy; Bordered pits; Myrtales; Scanning electron microscopy; Light microscopy; Tracheary elements; 42.48; 42.56.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/498037
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Comparative wood anatomy of the blueberry tribe (Vaccinieae, Ericaceae s.l.) Naturalis
Lens, F.; Kron, K.A.; Luteyn, J.L.; Smets, E.; Jansen, S..
Wood samples of 111 Vaccinieae specimens (Vaccinioideae, Ericaceae s.l.) representing 98 species and 26 genera are investigated with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The wood structure of Vaccinieae delivers taxonomically important characters that can be used to define some subclades within the tribe. The wood of the large polyphyletic genus Vaccinium strongly resembles non-vaccinioid members of the family, which are characterized by bordered vessel-ray pits and relatively narrow (2- to 4-seriate) and low multiseriate rays (often less than 1000 mm) with exclusively or mainly procumbent body ray cells. The East Malesian clade, Meso-American/Caribbean clade, and the Andean clade show a combination of wood anatomical features that is lacking...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Blueberries; Comparative wood anatomy; Ericaceae; Neotropics; Secretory ducts; Systematics; Vaccinieae; 42.56.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/423810
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The phylogenetic significance of vestured pits in Boraginaceae Naturalis
Rabaey, D.; Lens, F.; Smets, E.; Jansen, S..
The bordered pit structure in tracheary elements of 105 Boraginaceae species is studied using scanning electron microscopy to examine the systematic distribution of vestured pits. Forty-three species out of 16 genera show a uniform presence of this feature throughout their secondary xylem. Most vestures are small, unbranched and associated with the outer pit aperture of bordered intervessel pits. The feature is likely to have originated independently in the distantly related subfamilies Boraginoideae (tribe Lithospermeae) and Ehretioideae. The distribution of vestures in Ehretia agrees with recent molecular phylogenies: (1) species with vestured pits characterise the Ehretia I group (incl. Rotula), and (2) species with non-vestured pits belong to the...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Boraginaceae; Boraginoideae; Bordered pit; Ehretioideae; Scanning electron microscopy; Vestures; 42.56.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/430079
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A comparative ultrastructural study of pit membranes with plasmodesmata associated thickenings in four angiosperm species Naturalis
Rabaey, D.; Lens, F.; Huysmans, S.; Smets, E.; Jansen, S..
Recent micromorphological observations of angiosperm pit membranes have extended the number and range of taxa with pseudo-tori in tracheary elements. This study investigates at ultrastructural level (TEM) the development of pseudo-tori in the unrelated Malus yunnanensis, Ligustrum vulgare, Pittosporum tenuifolium, and Vaccinium myrtillus in order to determine whether these plasmodesmata associated thickenings have a similar developmental pattern across flowering plants. At early ontogenetic stages, the formation of a primary thickening was observed, resulting from swelling of the pit membrane in fibre-tracheids and vesselelements. Since plasmodesmata appear to be frequently, but not always, associated with these primary pit membrane thickenings, it remains...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Ontogeny; Pseudo-torus; Tracheary element; Pit membrane; Bordered pit; Wood ultrastructure; 42.56.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/430078
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Stem anatomy supports Arabidopsis thaliana as a model for insular woodiness Naturalis
Lens, F.; Smets, E.; Melzer, S..
The soc1 ful double mutant of A. thaliana produced substantial secondary growth throughout all aboveground stems, whereas in the Col accession only a few cell layers of wood were produced at the base of old stems. This increased wood formation may be linked to inactivation of the flowering time genes SOC1 and FUL (Melzer et al., 2008). These two genes could play a crucial regulatory role in triggering genetic mechanisms that lead to insular woodiness outside A. thaliana, and this ‘simple’ two-gene loss could explain why many nonrelated herbaceous families have independently evolved into woody insular lineages throughout the world. However, SOC1 and FUL might not be the only suppressors of cambium formation; other upstream, downstream or parallel-acting...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Stem anatomy; Arabidopsis thaliana; Insular woodiness; Brassicaceae; Wood formation; 42.56.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/429528
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Micromorphology and systematic distribution of pit membrane thickenings in Oleaceae: Tori and pseudo-tori Naturalis
Rabaey, D.; Huysmans, S.; Lens, F.; Smets, E.; Jansen, S..
Recent studies on the functional significance of pit membranes in water conducting cells have renewed general interest in their micromorphology. At least two types of pit membrane thickenings have been described in angiosperm families, i.e. genuine tori and pseudo-tori. This study explores the distribution and morphology of pit membrane thickenings in 69 species and 23 genera within Oleaceae using light and electron microscopy. Torus-bearing pit membranes are confirmed for Osmanthus, and new records are reported for Chionanthus retusa, Picconia azorica, and P. excelsa, but not for the other species studied of Chionanthus. This infrageneric variation suggests that tori represent a plastic feature that has evolved more than once within the family as the...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Electron microscopy; Pit aperture; Pit membrane; Plasmodesmata; Pseudo-torus; Torus; Tracheid; Vessel element; 42.56.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/429536
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Evolution of fruit and seed characters in the Diervilla and Lonicera clades (Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales) Naturalis
Jacobs, B.; Lens, F.; Smets, E..
Background and Aims: The Diervilla and Lonicera clades are members of the family Caprifoliaceae (Dipsacales sensu Donoghue et al., 2001, Harvard Papers in Botany 6: 459–479). So far, the intergeneric relationships of the Lonicera clade and the systematic position of Heptacodium remain equivocal. By studying fruit and seed morphology and anatomy, an attempt is made to clarify these issues. In addition, this study deals with the evolution of fruit and seed characters of the Diervilla and Lonicera clades with reference to allied taxa. Methods: Light and scanning electron microscopy were used for the morphological and anatomical investigations. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out by applying the parsimony and Bayesian inference optimality criteria....
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Diervilla; Weigela; Symphoricarpos; Lonicera; Triosteum; Leycesteria; Heptacodium; Caprifoliaceae; Dipsacales; Fruit; Seed; Evolution; 42.56.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/421854
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Testing hypotheses that link wood anatomy to cavitation resistance and hydraulic conductivity in the genus Acer Naturalis
Lens, F.; Sperry, J.S.; Christmas, M.A.; Rabaey, D.; Jansen, S..
• Vulnerability to cavitation and conductive efficiency depend on xylem anatomy. We tested a large range of structure–function hypotheses, some for the first time, within a single genus to minimize phylogenetic ‘noise’ and maximize detection of functionally relevant variation. • This integrative study combined in-depth anatomical observations using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy of seven Acer taxa, and compared these observations with empirical measures of xylem hydraulics. • Our results reveal a 2 MPa range in species’ mean cavitation pressure (MCP). MCP was strongly correlated with intervessel pit structure (membrane thickness and porosity, chamber depth), weakly correlated with pit number per vessel, and not related to pit area...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Acer; Cavitation resistance; Hydraulic conductivity; Pit structure; Rare pit hypothesis; Vessel distribution; Vessel wall thickenings; Wood density; 42.56.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/429474
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The multiple fuzzy origins of woodiness within Balsaminaceae using an integrated approach. Where do we draw the line? Naturalis
Lens, F.; Eeckhout, S.; Zwartjes, R.; Smets, E.; Janssens, S.B..
• Background and Aims: The family Balsaminaceae is essentially herbaceous, except for some woodier species that can be described as ‘woody’ herbs or small shrubs. The family is nested within the so-called balsaminoid clade of Ericales, including the exclusively woody families Tetrameristaceae and Marcgraviaceae, which is sister to the remaining families of the predominantly woody order. A molecular phylogeny of Balsaminaceaeis compared with wood anatomical observations to find out whether the woodier species are derived from herbaceous taxa (i.e. secondary woodiness), or whether woodiness in the family represents the ancestral state for the order (i.e. primary woodiness). • Methods: Wood anatomical observations of 68 Impatiens species and Hydrocera...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Balsaminaceae; Herbaceousness; Hydrocera; Impatiens; Insular woodiness; Light microscopy; Secondary woodiness; Wood anatomy; 42.56.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/429514
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The distribution and phylogeny of aluminium accumulating plants in the Ericales Naturalis
Jansen, S.; Watanabe, T.; Caris, P.; Geuten, K.; Lens, F.; Pyck, N.; Smets, E..
The distribution of aluminium (Al) accumulation in the Ericales is surveyed, based on semi-quantitative tests of 114 species and literature data. Al accumulation mainly characterises the families Diapensiaceae, Pentaphylacaceae, Symplocaceae, Ternstroemiaceae, and Theaceae. Al accumulation is consistently present or absent in most families examined, but the character appears to be more variable in a few taxa (e.g., Lecythidaceae, Myrsinaceae). Although the interfamilial relationships within the Ericales require further research, the ability to accumulate high levels of Al appears to show considerable taxonomic significance. While the majority of Al accumulating Ericales includes woody, tropical plants, the feature is remarkably present in several...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Aluminium accumulation; Ericales; Phyogeny; Diapensiaceae; Pentaphylacaceae; Symplocaceae; Ternstroemiaceae; Theaceae; 42.56.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/431739
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Comparative wood anatomy of epacrids (Styphelioideae, Ericaceae s.l.) Naturalis
Lens, F.; Gasson, P.; Smets, E.; Jansen, S..
The wood anatomy of 16 of the 37 genera within the epacrids (Styphelioideae, Ericaceae s.l.) is investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Several features in the secondary xylem occur consistently at the tribal level: arrangement of vessel‐ray pits, distribution of axial parenchyma, ray width, and the presence and location of crystals. The primitive nature of Prionoteae and Archerieae is supported by the presence of scalariform perforation plates with many bars and scalariform to opposite vessel pitting. The wood structure of Oligarrheneae is similar to that of Styphelieae, but the very narrow vessel elements, exclusively uniseriate rays and the lack of prismatic crystals in Oligarrheneae distinguish these two tribes. The secondary xylem of...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Ecological wood anatomy; Epacrids; Ericaceae s.l.; Styphelioideae; Systematic wood anatomy; 42.56.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/431740
Registros recuperados: 14
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