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| Registros recuperados: 139 | |
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| Grégio,Juliana M.; Caetano,Marco A.L.; Yoneyama,Takashi. |
| Optimal control theory provides a very interesting quantitative method that can be used to assist the decision making process in several areas of application, such as engineering, biology, economics and sociology. The main idea is to determine the values of the manipulated variables, such as drug doses, so that some cost function is minimized, subject to physical constraints. In this work, the cost function reflects the number of CD4+T cells, viral particles and the drug doses. It is worth noticing that high drug doses are related to more intense side-effects, apart from the impact on the actual cost of the treatment. In a previous paper by the authors, the LQR - Linear Quadratic Regulator approach was proposed for the computation of long period... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Filtering; Drugs; Mathematical modeling; Optimization. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652009000100002 |
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| Colombo,Arnaldo L.; Janini,Mario; Salomão,Reinaldo; Medeiros,Eduardo A. S.; Wey,Sergio B.; Pignatari,Antonio C. C.. |
| Several epidemiological changes have occurred in the pattern of nosocomial and community acquired infectious diseases during the past 25 years. Social and demographic changes possibly related to this phenomenon include a rapid population growth, the increase in urban migration and movement across international borders by tourists and immigrants, alterations in the habitats of animals and arthropods that transmit disease, as well as the raise of patients with impaired host defense abilities. Continuous surveillance programs of emergent pathogens and antimicrobial resistance are warranted for detecting in real time new pathogens, as well as to characterize molecular mechanisms of resistance. In order to become more effective, surveillance programs of... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Emerging infectious diseases; HIV; AIDS; Candidemia; Antimicrobial resistance; Bacteremia; Sepsis; Nosocomial infectious. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652009000300020 |
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| CAETANO,MARCO A. L.; YONEYAMA,TAKASHI. |
| Numerical optimization techniques are useful in solving problems of computing the best inputs for systems described by mathematical models and when the objectives can be stated in a quantitative form. This work concerns the problem of optimizing the drug doses in the treatment of AIDS in terms of achieving a balance between the therapeutic response and the side effects. A mathematical model describing the dynamics of HIV viruses and CD4 cells is used to compute the short term optimal drug doses in the treatments of patients with AIDS by a direct method of optimization using a cost function of Bolza type. The model parameters were fitted to actual published clinical data. In order to simplify the numerical procedures, the control law is expressed as a... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Modeling; Simulation; Drugs; Treatment; AIDS. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652002000300002 |
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| Távora,Lara Gurgel Fernandes; Nogueira,Marina Bizerril; Gomes,Sofia Teixeira. |
| ABSTRACT Since the beginning of the HIV burden, Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL)/HIV co-infection has been diagnosed not only in areas where VL is endemic (Latin America, India, Asia, Southern Europe), but also in North America, were it is considered an opportunistic disease. Clinical presentation, diagnostic tests sensitivity and treatment response in this population differs from VL alone. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate factors related to an unfavorable outcome in patients with VL/HIV diagnosis in a reference center in northeast Brazil. METHODS: Co-infected patients, diagnosed from 2010 to 2012, were included. Data from medical records were collected until one year after VL treatment completion. RESULTS: Forty-two HIV-infected patients were included in the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Visceral Leishmaniasis; HIV; AIDS. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000600651 |
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| Almeida,Sergio Monteiro de; Letendre,Scott; Ellis,Ron. |
| The pandemic of HIV/AIDS continues to grow daily. Incident cases among women, intravenous drug users and ethnic minorities comprise the fastest growing segment of the HIV-infected population, and the number of HIV-infected individuals over the age of 50 is growing rapidly. Today, the central nervous system and the immune system are seen as main targets of HIV infection. Significant progress in the knowledge and treatment of AIDS has been obtained in recent years. The neurological manifestations directly related to HIV are acute viral meningitis, chronic meningitis, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), vacuolar myelopathy, and involvement of the peripheral nervous system. |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: HIV; AIDS; HIV dementia; Central nervous system; Cerebrospinal fluid; Viral load; Chemokines. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000100009 |
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| Manenti,Sandra Aparecida; Galato Júnior,João; Silveira,Elizângela da Silva; Oenning,Roberto Teixeira; Simões,Priscyla Waleska Targino de Azevedo; Moreira,Jeverson; Fochesato,Celine Maria; Brígido,Luís Fernando de Macedo; Rodrigues,Rosângela; Romão,Pedro Roosevelt Torres. |
| Southern Brazil has the highest prevalence rate of AIDS in the country and is the only region in the Americas where HIV-1 subtype C prevails. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS in the South region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. METHODS: All pregnant women with HIV infection attending the obstetric outpatient clinic of Criciúma, State of Santa Catarina, in 2007 (n = 46) were invited to participate. Data of 36 eligible participants were obtained through a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: The great majority were young, with a steady partner, low family income, low education level and referring early first sexual intercourse. Many reported use of illicit non-injecting drugs (55.5%) and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Serodiagnosis; HIV infections; Pregnancy; HIV-1 subtype C; Southern Brazil. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000400008 |
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| Corti,Marcelo; Carolis,Luis De; Solari,Rubén; Villafañe,María F; Schtirbu,Ricardo; Lewi,Daniel; Narbaitz,Marina. |
| Cutaneous B cell lymphoma (CBCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder of neoplastic B cell of the skin with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Commonly, the clinical features of CBCL are plaques, nodules, or ulcerative lesions. Skin is one of the common sites for extra-nodal lymphomas in patients with AIDS and B cell type is less common than T cell type. Only recently, the existence of B cell lymphomas presenting clinically in the skin without evidence of extra-cutaneous involvement has been accepted as primary CBCL. Here, we are presenting 5 patients with cutaneous involvement in the setting of HIV/AIDS disease. Two of them were primary cutaneous non-Hodgkin lymphomas. All were CBCL; 3 were immunoblastic, 1 was plasmablastic, and the other was a... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report |
Palavras-chave: AIDS; HIV; Cutaneous lymphoma. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000100016 |
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| Bacha,Hélio Arthur; Cimerman,Sérgio; Souza,Simone A. de; Hadad,David Jamil; Mendes,Caio Márcio Figueiredo. |
| In the advanced stages of AIDS, characterized by severe immunodepression, tuberculosis (TB) may present with a clinical picture of septic shock, due to typical bacteremia. Hematogenic dissemination of mycobacteria is frequent in immunodepressed patients with TB or disseminated mycobacteriosis, leading to increased positivity in detection by automated blood culture. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of mycobacteremia in patients with AIDS and with prolonged fever seen at the Emilio Ribas Institute of Infectology. Patients with a history of daily fever (37.8ºC), lasting more than 30 days, and with CD4+ helper lymphocyte counts below 200 cells/mL, were selected from February 2001 to March 2002. A 5 mL peripheral blood sample was... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Automated blood culture; AIDS. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000400004 |
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| Wolff,Fernando H.; Nhuch,Claudio; Cadore,Luciana P.; Glitz,Cristina L.; Lhullier,Francisco; Furlanetto,Tania W.. |
| Adrenocortical insufficiency is a serious complication of AIDS. Usually, integrity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in AIDS patients is assessed by measuring basal cortisol levels and cortisol response to 250 mug of ACTH. Recent studies suggest that a lower ACTH dose increases the sensitivity of the procedure. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of adrenal hypofunction in AIDS patients using a low-dose ACTH test (1 mug), evaluated the clinical characteristics that might suggest this diagnosis, and the diseases and/or drugs that could be associated with it. We prospectively evaluated 63 very ill AIDS patients and 16 normal controls. A standard examination assessed the presence of signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Adrenal insufficiency; ACTH; Cortisol. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000200002 |
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| Rocha,Gustavo Machado; Kerr,Lígia Regina Franco Sansigolo; Kendall,Carl; Guimarães,Mark Drew Crosland. |
| ABSTRACT HIV/AIDS epidemic is not well controlled, and multiple sexual behavior factors help explain high rates of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). This article proposes to exam the use of a potential risk behavior score for HIV infection, based on the type and number of sexual partners, and condom use, and their associated factors in a sample of MSM in Brazil. A cross sectional RDS (Respondent Driven Sampling) study was performed among 3738 MSM aged 18+ years old from ten Brazilian cities. The risk behavior score was composed by the number of male partners and anal condom use in the last year with steady, casual, and commercial partners. Most participants were 25+ years old (58.1%), non-white (83.1%), and single (84.9%). Final weighted... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Homosexuals; High-risk sex; Unsafe sex; HIV; AIDS. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000200113 |
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| Tenore,S.B.; Ferreira,P.R.A.. |
| With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, a number of drugs have been developed. The best choice concerning which antiretroviral analogs to start is always under discussion, especially in the choice between non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors-based therapies and ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors. Both are proven to control viral replication and lead to immunological gain. The choice between a non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor and a protease inhibitor as a third antiretroviral drug in the therapy should consider factors related to the individual, as well as the inclusion of the best therapy in the patient's daily activities and potential adherence. The protease inhibitor-based therapies showed similar... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Antiretroviral treatment; Protease inhibitors. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000500012 |
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| He,Bo; Zheng,Yuhuang; Liu,Meng; Zhou,Guoqiang; Chen,Xia; Mamadou,Diallo; He,Yan; Zhou,Huaying; Chen,Zi. |
| Immune reconstitution inflammation syndrome typically occurs within days after patients undergo highly active anti-retroviral therapy and is a big hurdle for effective treatment of AIDS patients. In this study, we monitored immune reconstitution inflammation syndrome occurrence in 238 AIDS patients treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Among them, immune reconstitution inflammation syndrome occurred in 47 cases (19.7%). Immune reconstitution inflammation syndrome patients had significantly higher rate of opportunistic infection (p < 0.001) and persistently lower CD4+ cell count (p < 0.001) compared to the non-immune reconstitution inflammation syndrome patients. In contrast, no significant differences in HIV RNA loads were observed... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: IRIS; AIDS; HIV; HAART. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000200009 |
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| Melo,Ladjane Santos Wolmer de; Lacerda,Heloisa Ramos; Campelo,Eduardo; Moraes,Emanuel; Ximenes,Ricardo Arraes de Alencar. |
| Introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a significant reduction in morbimortality and significant changes in the causes of death among HIV/AIDS patients. For this reason, it has become essential to monitor survival and causes of death. We constructed a survival curve based on 597 adult patients notified as AIDS cases between 1997 and 2004, at the Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. Among those patients, 150 (25%) progressed to death by December, 2005. Of these, 119 were studied in detail. The data were collected from notification files of the State Health Department and the State Mortality Information System, and were complemented by analysis of medical records. These 597 patients had a... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Survival; Cause of death; Brazil. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000400003 |
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| Registros recuperados: 139 | |
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