| A taxonomic review of Spectracanthicus Nijssen & Isbrücker, including Oligancistrus Rapp Py-Daniel, following a phylogenetic study, is presented. Additionally to S. punctatissimus(Steindachner) and S. murinus Nijssen & Isbrücker, three new species are recognized based on the examination of 159 specimens: S. immaculatus n. sp. from rio Tapajós basin, differs from its congeners by its color pattern consisting of a dark gray body, with no dots or spots, and by having very slender teeth; Spectracanthicus tocantinensisn. sp., from the rio Tocantins drainage is distinguished by the color pattern consisting of dark brown or black body with small, yellowish dots (except in S. punctatissimus), presence of thick teeth, infraorbital 4 forming most of the... |
