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| This paper uses northern Sweden as a case study of a multi-use social-ecological system, in which forestry and reindeer husbandry interact as different land use forms in the same area. We aim to describe the timeline of main events that have influenced resource use in northern Sweden, that is, to attempt a historical profiling of the system, and to discuss these trends in the system in terms of adaptive cycles and resilience. The study shows that key political decisions have created strong path dependencies and a situation in which forestry today is characterized by low flexibility and low resilience due to the highly optimized harvesting of tree resources. Since forestry is the overwhelmingly strongest actor, trends in forestry from the mid-19th century... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycles; Boreal forests; Conservation; Forestry; Historical profiling; Panarchy; Reindeer husbandry. |
| Ano: 2010 |
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| Holling, C. S.; University of Florida; holling@zoo.ufl.edu. |
| Panarchy focuses on ecological and social systems that change abruptly. Panarchy is the process by which they grow, adapt, transform, and, in the end, collapse. These stages occur at different scales. The back loop of such changes is a critical time and presents critical opportunities for experiment and learning. It is when uncertainties arise and when resilience is tested and established. We now see changes on a global scale that suggest that we are in such a back loop. This article assesses the possibility of using the ideas that are central to panarchy, developed on a regional scale, to help explain the changes that are being brought about on a global scale by the Internet and by climate, economic, and geopolitical changes. |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycles; Change; Complex systems; Panarchy; Transformation. |
| Ano: 2004 |
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