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| Cahill, Carmel; Hill, Berkeley. |
| Structural policy in the EU is ambiguous in its aims and contains conflicting elements. Interventions to ease change are combined with defensive measures that support income and discourage some aspects of adjustment. Structural change is a complex process and the number of farms is an incomplete indicator. Most adjustment takes place without active public assistance. Structural measures at EU level are now mostly within the rural development pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy. Their performance is mixed. However, many countries also have national policies, especially on taxation and land transfer, whose influence on adjustment must not be overlooked. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Adjustment; Farm; Income; Policy; Rural development; Taxation; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15764 |
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| Dohlman, Erik; Hoffman, Linwood A.; Young, C. Edwin. |
| With the recent (2002) elimination of the longstanding "marketing quota" system that supported domestic peanut prices at well above world levels, the U.S. peanut sector is in the initial stages of adjusting to a more uncertain, market-oriented environment. At the aggregate level, some early indications are that the adjustment process for U.S. peanut farmers has been difficult, resulting in deep losses of revenue and a rapid exit from peanut production by some producers. In 2003, the value of U.S. peanut production was down 30 percent and prices fell by nearly 25 percent compared with 2001. U.S. peanut planted acreage is at its lowest since 1915, and planted acreage has declined sharply in several important peanut producing States-55 percent in Virginia and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Peanuts; Policy; Adjustment; Marketing quotas; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15732 |
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| Poppe, Krijn J.; van Meijl, Hans. |
| There are differences in performance between farmers. In the Netherlands this has been a major topic of research for at least 30 years. Research has shown that the managerial capacities of farmers play a major role in differences in economic and environmental performance. Management can be measured and the optimal level is not the maximum level. Farmers differ in their objectives, competences and local external situation and therefore their strategies. These strategies can be identified. In recent years strategic management has become more important and this can be supported with consultancy. Farmers also differ in their adoption and innovation behaviour. These micro economic results, that correlate with large differences in income and high prices of fixed... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Adjustment; Income differences; Innovation; Farm management; Performance; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15765 |
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| Gilmour, Brad; Gurung, Rajendra Kumar. |
| Japan, with a population of about 125 million, is a major importer of agricultural products. Japan's mountainous topography limits the area available for farming, with a total cultivated land area of around 4.8 million hectares. Farm holdings are small, averaging just over 1.5 hectares. Japan has producer support levels among the highest in OECD, driven in part by food security concerns and memories of food shortages during World War II and its aftermath. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF) has used a combination of border measures, domestic policies including direct budgetary payments, regulation and mandated administrative processes to support domestic production. This policy note first provides an overview of the policies that... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Japan; Agricultural policy; Demographic change; Adjustment; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46671 |
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| Landes, Rip; Gulati, Ashok. |
| Policy reforms outside agriculture in the early 1990s accelerated growth in per capita incomes and food demand and also improved the terms of trade for the agriculture. Agricultural policies and institutions, traditionally focused on achieving food grain self sufficiency within a closed economy, have, however, been slow to adapt to a new environment of diversifying demand, more open markets, and a greater role for the private sector. Support price policy has remained delinked from domestic and international market realities, creating significant budgetary costs and market distortion. Inability to reform price policy and contain input subsidies has led to a decline in public investment in agriculture at a time when investment in new infrastructure and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: India; Agriculture; Policy; Reform; Adjustment; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15735 |
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| Gilmour, Brad; Gurung, Rajendra Kumar. |
| Australia is a significant player in world trade for several commodities and agriculture is a vital part of the Australian economy. Around 60% of Australia is devoted to agriculture, with three broad zones in which agricultural activity occurs. These are referred to as the pastoral, wheat–sheep, and high rainfall zones. Australia had only about 130,000 commercial farms in 2005, so average farm size is high. Australia's agriculture is market driven and export-oriented. For some products, aggregations for values of production and for export values are not directly comparable because export values reflect the value of more highly processed products such as sugar and wine. Overall, about 65% of agricultural production is exported, representing about 25% of... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Australia; Agricultural policy; Adjustment; Business risk management; Productivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46669 |
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| Hennessy, Thia C.; Kelly, Paul W.; Breen, James P.. |
| The paper is a case study of how the Luxembourg Agreement of the Mid-Term Review of the Common Agricultural Policy may affect the structure of dairy and beef farming in the Republic of Ireland over the period 2002 to 2012. It describes the process used to assess some structural implications of a policy change. The data source for the paper is the Irish National Farm Survey. Prices of inputs and outputs following the policy change are obtained from a dynamic partial equilibrium model of the agricultural sector. Linear Programming is used to calculate the maximum profit on different farm types. Labour allocation on farms is estimated using a logit function. Exit from dairy production is also estimated. Some example results on dairy and beef farms are... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Adjustment; Policy; Logit function; Labour allocation; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15753 |
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| Dohlman, Erik; Foreman, Linda F.; Da Pra, Michelle. |
| Marketing quota and price support programs for peanuts and tobacco were a longstanding feature of U.S. farm policy, from the 1930s until the Government enacted quota buyouts, in 2002 for peanuts and 2004 for tobacco. Quota owners were compensated with temporary payments, but elimination of the quota programs exposed producers more to market risks and brought about structural changes at farm, regional, and marketwide levels. Since the buyouts, many peanut and tobacco farms have exited production. The farms that remain are mostly larger and have adopted new risk management strategies, such as contracting. Freed of the planting restrictions in the quota programs, production of peanuts, and to a lesser extent of tobacco, has been relocated to regions better... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Policy reform; Farm policy; Buyouts; Marketing quotas; Peanuts; Tobacco; Adjustment; Structural change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56628 |
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