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Registros recuperados: 57
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Influencia de diferentes manejos agrícolas sobre el crecimiento radical y su relación con la agregación del suelo. Colegio de Postgraduados
Torres Guerrero, Carlos Alberto.
Los suelos de México han sido degradados en los últimos años en buena parte por la acción del hombre. Debido a las prácticas agronómicas empleadas en la mayor parte del país (labranza convencional, monocultivos y remoción de residuos vegetales de cosechas anteriores) los suelos con potencial agrícola se han visto disminuidos en su productividad. La Agricultura de Conservación (AC) ofrece un aprovechamiento sustentable del recurso suelo, asegurando su estabilidad y estructura, con el propósito de aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos. El experimento que se reporta es de larga duración. Se inició en 1991 en el Batán Texcoco, Estado de México, en el Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT) y consta de 32 parcelas con diferentes...
Palavras-chave: Labranza; Agricultura de conservación; Raíces; Agregación; Maestría; Edafología; Tillage; Conservation agriculture; Roots; Aggregation.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1755
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The aggregation of Chauliognathus species (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) and its possible role for coexistence and mimicry Iheringia, Sér. Zool.
Machado,Vilmar; Araújo,Aldo Mellender de.
The relative population sizes of a species complex of Chauliognathus are reported, as well as their spatial distribution associated with different patches of food plants. Field work was done at Fazenda Santa Isabel, municipality of Guaíba, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The results suggest that two mechanisms account for the reduction in food competition among the species involved: one is asynchrony in the appearance of the species in the area, and the other is aggregation in different patches of food plants. Since the species here reported show a similar colour pattern (yellow-black) the possibility of the occurrence of serial mimicry in this complex of species is dicussed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chauliognathus; Aggregation; Competition; Mimicry; Coleoptera.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0073-47212001000200002
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Determinação da agregação do solo - metodologia em uso na Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste. Infoteca-e
SALTON, J. C.; SILVA, W. M.; TOMAZI, M.; HERNANI, L. C..
bitstream/item/79247/1/COT2012184.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Avaliação; Agregação; Evaluation; Aggregation; Analisys.; Análise; Solo.; Soil..
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/952808
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Indicator-Based Geostatistical Models For Mapping Fish Survey Data ArchiMer
Petitgas, Pierre; Woillez, Mathieu; Doray, Mathieu; Rivoirard, Jacques.
Marine research survey data on fish stocks often show a small proportion of very high-density values, as for many environmental data. This makes the estimation of second-order statistics, such as the variance and the variogram, non-robust. The high fish density values are generated by fish aggregative behaviour, which may vary greatly at small scale in time and space. The high values are thus imprecisely known, both in their spatial occurrence and order of magnitude. To map such data, three indicator-based geostatistical methods were considered, the top-cut model, min–max autocorrelation factors (MAF) of indicators, and multiple indicator kriging. In the top-cut and MAF approaches, the variable is decomposed into components and the most continuous ones...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Top-cut; MAF; Indicators; Co-kriging; Skewed distribution; Anchovy; Bay of Biscay; Fisheries survey data; Aggregation.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00429/54021/55339.pdf
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Association between bluefin tuna schools and oceanic features in the western Mediterranean ArchiMer
Royer, Francois; Fromentin, Jean-marc; Gaspar, P.
We present an analysis of the distribution of bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus schools spotted during aerial surveys in the Gulf of Lions, in relation to oceanographic features. Bio-optical and thermal properties of the sea surface derived from high-resolution sensors (AVHRR and SeaWiFS) were studied on a daily basis, and an edge-detection technique was applied to detect frontal zones. Geostatistics and point-process analyses were used to evaluate the role of the environment in structuring the spatial pattern of bluefin tuna (BFT). The distribution of schools spotted was strongly non-stationary both in space and time; this is believed to be an effect of the survey design (transect sampling) and the influence of transient oceanographic structures (surface...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Thunnus thynnus; Gulf of Lions; Point process analysis; Front detection; Sea surface temperature; Ocean colour; Aggregation.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10786/7585.pdf
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Examples of spatial and temporal variations of some fine-grained suspended particle characteristics in two Danish coastal water bodies ArchiMer
Mikkelsen, Oa.
In June and September of 1999, a LISST-100 in situ laser diffraction particle sizer was used to analyse the temporal and spatial variation of the beam attenuation coefficient, the in situ median particle (aggregate) diameter and the median volume concentration of suspended matter in two Danish coastal water bodies. One of the study sites was generally exposed to wind, while the other was quite sheltered. Measurements of the mass concentration of total suspended matter and chl a were made simultaneously. The in situ median effective density, settling velocity and vertical flux of the suspended matter are computed. Results demonstrate that in September, the in situ median aggregate diameter, settling velocity and vertical flux was smaller (by a factor of up...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Agrégation; Diffraction laser; Spectre de taille des particules; Dimension fractale; Vitesse de sédimentation; Aggregation; Laser diffraction; Particle size spectra; Fractal dimension; Settling velocity.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00322/43328/42899.pdf
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Surface functionalization determines behavior of nanoplastic solutions in model aquatic environments ArchiMer
Tallec, Kevin; Blard, Océane; González-fernández, Carmen; Brotons, Guillaume; Berchel, Mathieu; Soudant, Philippe; Huvet, Arnaud; Paul-pont, Ika.
Plastic debris are classified as a function of their size and recently a new class was proposed, the nanoplastics. Nano-sized plastics have a much greater surface area to volume ratio than larger particles, which increases their reactivity in aquatic environment, making them potentially more toxic. Only little information is available about their behavior whereas it crucially influences their toxicity. Here, we used dynamic light scattering (DLS) to explore the influence of environmental factors (fresh- and saltwater, dissolved organic matter) on the behavior (surface charge and aggregation state) of three different nano-polystyrene beads (50 nm), with (i) no surface functionalization (plain), (ii) a carboxylic or (iii) an amine functionalization. Overall,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nanoplastic; Dynamic light scattering; Behavior; Aggregation; Salinity; Organic matter.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00485/59652/62684.pdf
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Use of a disjunctive kriging to model areas of high pelagic fish density in acoustic fisheries surveys ArchiMer
Petitgas, Pierre.
Schooling fish may aggregate in very high densities covering very small areas. Thus the probability of hitting such high-density spots during a large-scale sampling is very low. The sampling fluctuations of the tail of the histogram are thought to be very significant. The stock biomass estimate and its precision rely greatly on how precisely the tail of the histogram can be sampled. In order to acquire elements for improving survey designs and abundance estimators wc study here the relation in space that the high values have with the other values. A disjunctive kriging approach is used. Different quantiles of the histogram are coded by indicators. The spatial structure of each indicator and its spatial covariation with the others are studied by computing...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Distribution spatiale; Agrégation; Abondance; Estimation; Géostatistique; Échantillonnage; Spatial distribution; Aggregation; Abundance estimation; Geostatistics; Sampling.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00190/30076/28564.pdf
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Phytoplankton morphology controls on marine snow sinking velocity ArchiMer
Laurenceau-cornec, Emmanuel C.; Trull, Thomas W.; Davies, Diana M.; De La Rocha, Christina L.; Blain, Stephane.
During the second KErguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study (KEOPS2) in October-November 2011, marine snow was formed in roller tanks by physical aggregation of phytoplankton assemblages sampled at 6 stations over and downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau. Sinking velocities, morphology, bulk composition (transparent exopolymer particles, biogenic silica, particulate organic carbon), and phytoplankton contents were measured individually on 66 aggregates to identify controls on sinking velocities. Equivalent spherical diameters (ESD) ranged from 1 to 12 mm, and the particle aspect ratios, Corey shape factors, and fractal dimensions (D-F1 = 1.5, D-F2 = 1.8) were close to those of smaller natural aggregates (0.2 to 1.5 mm) collected in polyacrylamide...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Sinking velocity Marine snow; Aggregation; Phytoplankton; Porosity.
Ano: 2015 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00352/46275/46044.pdf
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Predation has no competition: factors influencing space and resource use by echinoids in deep-sea coral habitats, as evidenced by continuous video transects ArchiMer
Stevenson, Angela; Mitchell, Fraser J. G.; Davies, Jaime S..
Predation and competition are highly influential factors determining space use in foraging animals, and ultimately contribute to the spatial heterogeneity observed within habitats. Here we investigated the influence of competition and predation on space and resource use via continuous video transect observations – a tool that has not previously been employed for this purpose. This study therefore also evaluates video data as a pragmatic tool to study community interactions in the deep sea. Observations were compiled from 15 video transects spanning five submarine canyons in the Bay of Biscay, France. Substrate choice, positioning on the coral, echinoid aggregate size, and the presence/absence of predators (e.g. fish and decapods) as well as competitors...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Aggregation; Bay of Biscay; Cidaris cidaris; Community interactions; Deep sea; Echinothuriidae; NE Atlantic; Refuge; Space use.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00242/35303/33829.pdf
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Aerodynamical, immunological and pharmacological properties of the anticancer antibody cetuximab ArchiMer
Maillet, A; Congy Jolivet, N; Le Guellec, S; Vecellio, L; Hamard, S; Courty, Y; Courtois, Anthony; Gauthier, F; Diot, P; Thibault, G; Lemarie, E; Heuze Vourc' H, N.
Purpose. Despite an increasing interest in the use of inhalation for local delivery of molecules for respiratory diseases and systemic disorders, methods to deliver therapy through air-ways has received little attention for lung cancer treatment. However, inhalation of anticancer drugs is an attractive alternative route to systemic administration which results in limited concentration of the medication in the lungs, and triggers whole-body toxicity. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of nebulization for therapeutic antibodies, a new class of fully-approved anticancer drugs in oncology medicine. Materials and methods. Cetuximab, a chimeric IgG1 targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGER), was nebulized using three types of delivery...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Nebulizer; Lung cancer; Cetuximab; Anticancer antibody; Aggregation; Aerosol.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4201.pdf
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Effect of relative humidity on emergence and on dispersal and regrouping of first instar Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Neotropical Entomology
Hirose,Edson; Panizzi,Antônio R.; Cattelan,Alexandre J..
Laboratory studies with 1st instar of southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) indicated that relative humidity (RH) greatly affected nymph emergence and survivorship up to the 2nd instar, reaching the maximum value (<FONT FACE=Symbol>»</FONT> 90%) with RH of > 80%. At 60% RH, 60% of the nymphs emerged and survived, while with 0% RH only <FONT FACE=Symbol>»</FONT> 15% of eggs hatched, and most nymphs died. Emerged nymphs from egg masses placed in plastic boxes with a gradient of humidity remained on egg shells for ca. one day. After this period, they dispersed and regrouped on top of shells 6.8 ± 0.67 times, until they abandoned the shells toward the source of humidity, avoiding the water-saturated areas. Duration taken for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Heteroptera; Stink bug; Behavior; Aggregation; Microclimate.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2006000600006
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The chemical volatiles (Semiochemicals) produced by neotropical stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Neotropical Entomology
Moraes,Maria C.B.; Pareja,Martín; Laumann,Raúl A.; Borges,Miguel.
In recent years the growing concern about environmental changes and how we are using the natural resources have triggered a search for natural products as alternatives to synthetic pesticides. The stink bugs produce a wide variety of chemical compounds (semiochemicals) that show potential to manage these insects. The stink bugs Chinavia impicticornis (Stål), C. ubica (Rolston), Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas), Euschistus heros (F.), Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), Thyanta perditor (Westwood) and Tibraca limbativentris (Stål) had their blends of defensive compounds evaluated both qualitative and quantitatively. The main compounds identified on the glands of Brazilian stink bugs are: 2-alkenals, mainly the E isomer; saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons; and 4...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Pheromone; Allelochemical; Aggregation; Behaviour; Soybean.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2008000500001
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Coastal migratory connections of humpback whales, Megaptera Novaeangliae Borowski, 1871, southern Chile OceanDocs
Galleti, Bárbara; Capella, Juan; Gibbons, Jorge; Cabrera, Elsa.
There is not published information on a comparative analysis about interchange of individual humpback whales between coastal areas of aggregation of the species along southern Chilean coast. Here we present a comparison of individually photo-identified humpback whales obtained off northwestern Chiloé Island, in Patagonian and Fuegian fjords and in the Strait of Magellan near Carlos III Island , to discover movements and interchange of individuals. Comparison of photographs resulted in conclusive matches of four individuals within the four study locations: two whales from Canal Wide (49°55’S, 74°30’W), one whale from Canal Cockburn (54°18’S, 72°15’W) and a mother-calf pair off northwestern Chiloé Island matched whales found near Carlos III. The minimum...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Marine mammals; Migratory species; Aggregation; Cetacea; Megaptera novaeangliae; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1482; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_49019.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4165
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Full Rank Rational Demand Systems AgEcon
LaFrance, Jeffrey T.; Pope, Rulon D..
We extend the set of full rank nominal and deflated income demand systems to rational demand systems of any rank and present a unifying expression for the indirect preferences of all full rank demand models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Aggregation; Functional form; Integrability; Rank; Rational demand systems; Demand and Price Analysis; D12; E21.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7152
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Aggregation Theory for Incomplete Systems AgEcon
LaFrance, Jeffrey T.; Beatty, Timothy K.M.; Pope, Rulon D..
Gorman's theory of demand is extended comprehensively to incomplete systems. The incomplete systems approach dramatically increases this class of models. The separate roles of symmetry and adding up are identified in the rank and the functional form of this class of models. We show that symmetry determines rank and the maximum rank is three. We show that adding up and 0o homogeneity determines the functional form and there is no functional form restriction for an incomplete system. We prove that every full rank system and reduced rank systems with a minimal level of degeneracy can be written as a polynomial in a single function of income. A complete set of closed form solutions for the indirect objective functions of this class of models is derived. A...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Aggregation; Rank; Functional form; Integrability; Incomplete systems; Weak integrability; Demand and Price Analysis; D12; E21.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25033
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Adjustment is Much Slower than You Think AgEcon
Caballero, Ricardo J.; Engel, Eduardo M.R.A..
In most instances, the dynamic response of monetary and other policies to shocks is infrequent and lumpy. The same holds for the microeconomic response of some of the most important economic variables, such as investment, labor demand, and prices. We show that the standard practice of estimating the speed of adjustment of such variables with partial-adjustment ARMA procedures substantially overestimates this speed. For example, for the target federal funds rate, we find that the actual response to shocks is less than half as fast as the estimated response. For investment, labor demand and prices, the speed of adjustment inferred from aggregates of a small number of agents is likely to be close to instantaneous. While aggregating across microeconomic units...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Speed of adjustment; Discrete adjustment; Lumpy adjustment; Aggregation; Calvo model; ARMA process; Partial adjustment; Expected response time; Monetary policy; Investment; Labor demand; Sticky prices; Idiosyncratic shocks; Impulse response function; Wold representation; Time-to-build; Financial Economics; C22; C43; D2; E2; E5.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28419
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Aggregation of Tariff-Rate Quotas AgEcon
Lips, Markus; Rieder, Peter.
For an analysis of Tariff-Rate Quotas the question arises how to aggregate them. In this paper, two alternative aggregation methods are compared, based on the magnitude of aggregated tariffs or the aggregated quota rent.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Tariff-Rate Quota; Aggregation; General Equilibrium Modeling; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97325
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Ambiguous Aggregation of Expert Opinions: The Case of Optimal R&D Investment AgEcon
Athanassoglou, Stergios; Bosetti, Valentina; Maere d'Aertrycke, Gauthier de.
How should a decision-maker allocate R&D funds when a group of experts provides divergent estimates on a technology's potential effectiveness? To address this question, we propose a simple decision-theoretic framework that takes into account ambiguity over the aggregation of expert opinion and a decision-maker's attitude towards it. In line with the paper's focus on R&D investment, decision variables in our model may affect experts' subjective probability distributions of the future potential of a technology. Using results from convex optimization, we are able to establish a number of analytical results including a closed-form expression of our model's value function, as well as a thorough investigation of its differentiability properties. We apply...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Ambiguity; Expert Opinions; R&D; Convex/Conic Optimization; Aggregation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C61; D81; Q42.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121719
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Welfare Impacts of Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Trade Reforms AgEcon
Laborde, David; Martin, William J.; van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique.
The variability of protection rates within sectors is frequently particularly high in agriculture relative to non-agriculture. Standard aggregation procedures ignore the variability within sectors, and underweight the importance of highly protected sectors. It therefore seems likely that they underestimate the potential benefits of agricultural trade reform relative to non-agricultural reform. This study examines this question using a new procedure for aggregating trade distortions. It finds that the key impact of using better aggregators is to increase the benefits of both agricultural and non-agricultural reform. It finds that using optimal aggregation procedures increases the measured importance of agricultural trade reform relative to non-agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Nonagricultural trade; Trade distortions; Tariffs; Aggregation; World Trade Organization; WTO; Trade reform; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103958
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