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A METHOD FOR INCLUDING IN PMP MODELS ACTIVITIES NON-EXISTENT IN THE BASELINE SITUATION AgEcon
Judez, Lucinio; de Andres, Rosario; Ibanez, M.; Urzainqui, Elvira.
When working with positive mathematical programming (PMP) models it is generally admitted that it is not possible to consider in the modeled unit activities that are not present in the baseline situation of the unit. This constitutes a considerable drawback for traditional PMP techniques which cannot be applied in specific cases, in particular to the study of the impact of new agri-environmental programs that subsidize crops grown with technologies different to those applied in the baseline situation. This paper presents a method for dealing with these cases, which can be easily implemented as an extension of the traditional calibration techniques of PMP. The method is applied to a specific problem, using modified calibration expressions derived from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Positive mathematical programming extensions; Agri-environmental measures; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44243
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Farm Inputs and Agri-Environment Measures as Indicators of Agri-Environment Quality in Hungary AgEcon
Katona-Kovacs, Judit; Takacs, Peter; Szabo, Gabor G..
The paper deals with agri-environmental indicators, examines farm inputs, on the basis of statistical data of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (Szabo, Pomazi 2002) and the Eurostat (2004). The examined indicators are placed in the agricultural DPSIR model. The paper presents how the use of farm inputs changed in Hungary from 1980-2000. Farm inputs are related to the inputs of the EU-15, the study demonstrates that today they are below the EU- 15 average. Area under agri-environmental measures in 2003 - which covered the 4% of agricultural area of Hungary - as a response indicator is also presented and based in the land-use zone system developed by Godollo Agricultural University (Angyan et al., 1998).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental measures; Farm inputs; Indicators; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q01.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24582
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Umweltfördermaßnahmen in der Landwirtschaft – Teilnehmerauswahl durch Ausschreibungen? AgEcon
Holm-Muller, Karin; Radke, Volker; Weis, Jurgen.
Agri-environmental programs offering uniform payments to farmers achieved only low participation ratios in some regions whereas, in other regions, windfall profits arose. Auctions leading to individual payments equal to farmers’ bids could solve this problem. Simulations showing auctions’ efficiency gains are based on critical assumptions though. In this article the validity of these assumptions is discussed for different auction designs and different subprograms. We find that extensification programs offer the best conditions for successful auctions. However, it seems counterproductive to use auctions for choosing among different areas in environmental contracting.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental measures; Auctions; Efficiency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98116
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Potential of differentiated payment levels based on standard cost approaches: A case study of selected rural development measures in Germany AgEcon
Offermann, Frank; Nieberg, Hiltrud; Hecht, Judith.
In accordance with EU regulations, payment levels for several measures of rural development programs are calculated on the basis of standard cost approaches, using 'typical’ or average figures for costs incurred and income forgone. Resulting uniform payment rates have been frequently discussed and criticised as being inefficient, having a low cost-effectiveness and generating excessive windfall profits. However, few empirical studies exist which quantitatively examine potentials of a more differentiated standard cost approach. By using German farm accountancy data, this study analyses effects of a payment differentiation according to regional and farm individual characteristics on producer rents, budget expenditures and economic efficiency. Preliminary...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Differentiated payment levels; Efficiency; Cost-effectiveness; Standard cost approach; Rural development schemes; Agri-environmental measures.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36866
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Implementation of EU Agri-Environmental Measures at the Regional Level: Economic and Political Constraints AgEcon
Bertoni, Danilo; Peri, Massimo; Olper, Alessandro.
In this paper we apply a political objective function approach developed by Salhofer and Glebe (2004) to explain the high variability of agri-environmental program implementation at the EU regional level. The analysis covers 55 EU regions during the period 2001-2002, using basic data extracted from the Common Monitoring Indicators collected by the UE Commission for the programme's evaluation process. The main results indicate that the area covered by agri-environmental programs increases in regions where budget constraints are less severe and where the social demand for environmental amenities is more relevant. Moreover, agri-environmental programs are negatively related to the participation opportunity cost and show a non linear relation with the farmer's...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental measures; CAP; Regional and agricultural policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24777
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Analysis of agri-environmental measures in Hungary – a regional perspective AgEcon
Katona-Kovacs, Judit.
The hypothesis behind this paper is that agri-environmental measures (AEMs) in Hungary, and probably in the other EU New Member States, are not merely substitutes for traditional agricultural subsidies, but measures which could support rural development and encourage environmentally sustainable agricultural production. The first part of this paper examines concepts closely related to AEMs, as well as the place of AEMs in regional, rural, and agricultural development policy. The second part shows how agri-environmental measures have gained ground in Hungary. The third part presents the results of an analysis of the Hungarian AEMs’ database. Finally, based on the literature and analysis findings, it is suggested that, for sustainable development, one needs...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental measures; Hungarian agriculture; Multifunctional agriculture; Sustainable development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46663
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THE CHOICE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING. A HUNGARIAN EXAMPLE AgEcon
Ferto, Imre; Forgacs, Csaba.
The paper deals with organic produce in one of the largest and, concerning organic production one of the most diffused counties in Hungary, Pest County located in the north-central part of the country. Factors influencing farmers’ decision on adopting or not e.g. farm size, farm type, location, structure, market for organic products, existence of organic AEM were analysed. Hypotheses based on previous empirical literature were tested by a model explicitly accounting for the effects of farm-specific variables like age, education, size of farms and share of rented land. Logit model was estimated on a cross-section data set of Hungarian farmers for the period 2007. It appears that education has a positive impact on the choice between conventional and organic...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agri-environmental measures; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53568
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