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COURTS AND CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT IN TRANSITION AGRICULTURE: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM POLAND AgEcon
Beckmann, Volker; Boger, Silke.
The paper investigates theoretically and empirically the role of courts for contract enforcement in transition agriculture. In a survey of 306 Polish hog farmers conducted in 1999, only 38.5% of them reported to believe that they could use courts to enforce contracts with their most important customer. Furthermore, those who believe the legal system could be used would accept significant financial losses before taking action. We develop a theoretical model, based on the costs and benefits of court enforcement, which captures the boundary between contracts to be regarded as "enforceable" and "not-enforceable" and, simultaneously, the threshold of taking legal action. The empirical analysis strongly supports our model: (1) the farmers' responds can be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural contracts; Contract enforcement; Courts; Transition; Political Economy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25878
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HOW MUCH DO FARMERS VALUE THEIR INDEPENDENCE? ESTIMATING THE RISK AND AUTONOMY PREMIA ASSOCIATED WITH PRODUCTION CONTRACTS AgEcon
Key, Nigel D..
A farmer's decision to contract or produce independently depends on the distribution of income under both arrangements, and on attributes associated with both business arrangements. Risk-averse farmers should be willing to pay a risk premium for the reduction in price risk provided by a contract. Farmers with a preference for "autonomy" should be willing to pay a premium for certain attributes associated with independent production, such as the right to make management decisions and own the commodity they produce. The benefits to growers from contracting (such as risk reduction) may be over-estimated if the non-pecuniary benefits enjoyed by independent producers are not accounted for. This study uses national survey data to estimate the risk premium, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural contracts; Autonomy; Nonpecuniary benefits; Risk; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19688
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The U.S. Organic Handling Sector in 2004: Baseline Findings of the Nationwide Survey of Organic Manufacturers, Processors, and Distributors AgEcon
Dimitri, Carolyn; Oberholtzer, Lydia.
The organic sector has expanded rapidly over the last decade, as retail sales of organic food increased to $15.7 billion in 2006. As sales have grown, so have the number and types of outlets selling organic products. USDA’s Economic Research Service surveyed certified organic intermediaries in the United States to collect information on basic characteristics of the sector in 2004, as well as its marketing and procurement practices. This report uses the survey findings to present a baseline view of the organic handling sector. A large share of organic handlers are mixed operations that handle both organic and conventional products, and most began as conventional firms that converted to handling organic products. Most organic products are sold domestically,...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Organic agriculture; Handlers; Intermediaries; Marketing organic products; Procurement of organic products; Agricultural contracts; Distribution of organic products; National Organic Program; Organic label; Food labels; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58638
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