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| Shuhama,Rosana; Del-Ben,Cristina M.; Loureiro,Sônia R.; Graeff,Frederico G.. |
| Anxiety disorders are classified according to symptoms, time course and therapeutic response. Concurrently, the experimental analysis of defensive behavior has identified three strategies of defense that are shared by different animal species, triggered by situations of potential, distal and proximal predatory threat, respectively. The first one consists of cautious exploration of the environment for risk assessment. The associated emotion is supposed to be anxiety and its pathology, Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The second is manifested by oriented escape or by behavioral inhibition, being related to normal fear and to Specific Phobias, as disorders. The third consists of disorganized flight or complete immobility, associated to dread and Panic Disorder.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Defense strategies; Basic emotions; Anxiety disorders. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000100012 |
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| Graeff,F.G.; Parente,A.; Del-Ben,C.M.; Guimarães,F.S.. |
| This review covers the effect of drugs affecting anxiety using four psychological procedures for inducing experimental anxiety applied to healthy volunteers and patients with anxiety disorders. The first is aversive conditioning of the skin conductance responses to tones. The second is simulated public speaking, which consists of speaking in front of a video camera, with anxiety being measured with psychometric scales. The third is the Stroop Color-Word test, in which words naming colors are painted in the same or in a different shade, the incongruence generating a cognitive conflict. The last test is a human version of a thoroughly studied animal model of anxiety, fear-potentiated startle, in which the eye-blink reflex to a loud noise is recorded. The... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Experimental anxiety; Humans; Anxiolytic drugs; Anxiety disorders. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000400003 |
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