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THE ROLE OF PRODUCTION METHODS IN FRUIT PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR: HYPOTHETICAL VS ACTUAL CONSUMERS’ PREFERENCES AND STATED MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS AgEcon
Moser, Riccarda; Raffaelli, Roberta; Notaro, Sandra.
In recent years, concerns for potential risks on human health related to the overuse of chemical pesticides have encouraged research of alternatives production methods as integrated pest management (IPM) and organic agriculture. Consumer preferences for these practices or for new product characteristics often have been evaluated using stated preference techniques such as Choice Experiment (CE). Nevertheless, it has been found that in these surveys respondents generally report higher hypothetical than real willingness to pay, providing the existence of the so-called “hypothetical bias”. While the presence of this bias has been widely reported in Contingent Valuation, its investigation in CE is still at the beginning. Moreover, in most of the cases, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fruit purchasing behaviour; Production methods; Mitigation practices; Hypothetical bias; Real choice experiment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C35; Q18; D12; C93.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116426
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Fuzzy Logic and Preference Uncertainty in Non-market Valuation AgEcon
Sun, Lili; van Kooten, G. Cornelis.
In seeking to value environmental amenities and public goods, individuals often have trouble trading off the (vague) amenity or good against a monetary measure. Valuation in these circumstances can best be described as fuzzy in terms of the amenity valued, perceptions of property rights, and the numbers chosen to reflect values. In this paper, we apply fuzzy logic to contingent valuation, employing a fuzzy clustering approach for incorporating preference uncertainty obtained from a follow-up certainty confidence question. We develop a Fuzzy Random Utility Maximization (FRUM) framework where the perceived utility of each individual is fuzzy in the sense that an individual’s utility belongs to each cluster to some degree. The model is then applied to a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Random utility maximization and fuzzy logic; Contingent valuation and preference uncertainty; C-means clustering; Forest conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; C35.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37021
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Beef Labeling After BSE: Do Consumers Care about BSE Testing and GMO Labeling? Evidence from Canada and the US AgEcon
Steiner, Bodo E.; Yang, Jun.
Following the May 2003 Canadian BSE case, food safety issues have become even more prominent to policymakers and consumers. In both Canada and the US, governments and industry have responded with a variety of quality assurance, traceability and labeling schemes. However, there is little information available on the extent to which consumer perceptions differ regionally across North America towards labeling schemes. This paper attempts to fill this gap, by providing results on a variety of beef labeling strategies from choice experiments that were conducted in Alberta (Canada) and Montana (US). The analysis focuses on consumers' perceptions towards negative voluntary labeling with regard to BSE testing, genetically modified organisms (GMO) and the use of...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Multinomial logit; Beef labeling; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; L66; C35.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6836
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An Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Choice of Coastal Recreational Activities AgEcon
Paudel, Krishna P.; Caffey, Rex H.; Devkota, Nirmala.
A visitor’s decision to use a particular recreational site is influenced by the individual’s taste as well as the characteristics of the site. For this reason, improved knowledge of the visitors’ interests and factors influencing their choices are vital for both planning and policy formulations in coastal development. This study examines visitor characteristics and desired site specific characteristics in order to determine the factors affecting use of the Louisiana coast for specific recreational purposes. We use a multinomial logit model and internet survey data to evaluate the factors affecting individuals’ decisions to visit coastal Louisiana for a specific use. Results suggest that the major variables affecting the choice of coastal recreational...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Coastal recreation; Destination use preference; Multinomial logit; Environmental Economics and Policy; C35; Q26.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104616
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Retail and Wholesale Market Power in Organic Foods AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Acharya, Ram N.; Molina, Ignacio.
The demand for organic fresh fruits and vegetable continues to grow at a rate far higher than the rest of the produce industry. The cost of meeting organic certification standards, however, has meant that supply has been slow to adjust. With limited supply, we hypothesize that organic suppliers enjoy more market power in bargaining over their share of the retail-production cost margin for fresh apples. We test this hypothesis using a random parameters, generalized extreme value demand model (mixed logit) combined with a structural model of retail and wholesale pricing that allows conduct to vary by product attributes (organic or non-organic) and time. We find that organic growers do indeed earn a larger share of the total margin than non-organic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organics; Market power; Mixed logit; Game theory; Non-linear pricing.; Industrial Organization; C35; D12; D43; L13; L41; Q13..
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49329
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A Choice Modelling Approach for Assessment of Use and Quasi-Option Values in Urban Planning for Areas of Environmental Interest AgEcon
Strazzera, Elisabetta; Cherchi, Elisabetta; Ferrini, Silvia.
This study adopts a discrete choice modelling methodology to evaluate individuals’ preferences over planning alternatives for an urban site of environmental interest. Since such projects involve some uncertainty and irreversibility, a special attention is devoted to the estimation of the quasi-option values which are associated to project development. Two distinct measures for the quasi-option value are estimated, and both coefficients indicate that the public places a significant value on reduction of the possibility of adverse irreversible effects: a more prudent development strategy is valued about four times more than a procedure that provides a lesser hedge against undesired outcomes. Furthermore, the study involved elicitation of intertemporal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Urban Planning; Environmental Values; Choice Modelling; Use Values; Quasi-option Values; Discounting; C35; Q51; R41.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42903
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What Motivates Farms to Associate? The Case of Two Competing Czech Agricultural Associations AgEcon
Bavorova, Miroslava; Curtiss, Jarmila.
The study investigates determinants of affiliation with the two strongest associations in Czech agriculture. These represent Agricultural Association grouping large-scale enterprises and Association of Private Farmers, respectively. Our objective is to analyze whether associations with different types of members (large-scale enterprises vs. private farmers) experience different motives for joining or lapsing. Moreover, we investigate if there are characteristics of the associations' members which positively correlate to membership. The results imply that political lobbying is the main entry incentive for both large-scale enterprises and individual farmers. Informal information exchange is a more significant motivation for private farmers than for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Associations; Agricultural enterprises; Czech agriculture; Selective incentives; Individual farms; Transition; Farm Management; D71; D72; D73; L14; L21; L22; C35.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25770
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Participation in Off-Farm Employment, Risk Preferences, and Weather Variability: The Case of Ethiopia AgEcon
Bezabih, Mintewab; Gebreegziabher, Zenebe; GebreMedhin, Liyousew; Kohlin, Gunnar.
This article assesses the relative importance of risk preferences and rainfall availability on households’ decision to engage in off-farm employment. Devoting time for off-farm activities, while it helps households earn additional incomes, involves a number of uncertainties. Unique panel data from Ethiopia which includes experimentally generated risk preference measures combined with longitudinal rainfall data is used in the analysis. An off farm participation decision and activity choice showed that both variability and reduced availability of rainfall as well as neutral risk preferences increase the likelihood of off-farm participation. From policy perspective, the results imply that expanding off farm opportunities could act as safety nets in the face...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Off-farm employment; Labor supply; Rainfall variability/reduced availability; Risk preferences; GLLAMM; Ethiopia; Labor and Human Capital; Q13; D81; C35; C93.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95784
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The Impact of an Urban Growth Boundary on Land Development in Knox County, Tennessee: A Comparison of Two-Stage Probit Least Squares and Multilayer Neural Network Models AgEcon
Cho, Seong-Hoon; Omitaomu, Olufemi A.; Poudyal, Neelam C.; Eastwood, David B..
The impact of an urban growth boundary (UGB) on land development in Knox County, TN is estimated via two-stage probit and neural-network models. The insignificance of UGB variable in the two-stage probit model and more visible development patterns in the western part of Knoxville and the neighboring town of Farragut during the post-UGB period in both models suggest that the UGB has not curtailed urban sprawl. Although the network model is found to be a viable alternative to more conventional discrete choice approach for improving the predictability of land development, it is at the cost of evaluating marginal effects.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Land development; Multilayer neural network; Two-stage probit least squares; C35; R14.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37057
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Effects of Information on Consumer Risk Perception and Willingness to Pay for Non-Genetically Modified Corn Oil AgEcon
Terawaki, Taku.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/16/05.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Genetically Modified; Contingent Valuation; Willingness to Pay; Risk Perception; Consumer/Household Economics; D12; D11; C35; D81.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19555
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Meat Slaughter and Processing Plants’ Traceability Levels: Evidence From Iowa AgEcon
Bulut, Harun; Lawrence, John D..
Based on an econometric analysis of the data obtained from a survey of meat plants ( ) in Iowa in summer 2007, this paper identifies the factors impacting the meat plants’ voluntary adoption of forward and backward traceability activities. The results suggest that the ownership type (corporate versus independent) and operations type (slaughtering versus not) matter rather than the size and meat type produced (beef, pork, or poultry) as suggested in the previous surveys. Furthermore, food safety activities appear to be complementary to traceability activities. The findings may assist ongoing regulatory efforts in implementing traceability in U.S. in the near future.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Country of origin labeling; Food safety; Multiple imputation method; National animal identification system; Ordered logistic regression; Quality assurances; Traceability; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries; Q13; Q18; C21; C35.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6135
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Estimating Willingness to Pay for E10 fuel: a contingent valuation study AgEcon
Bhattacharjee, Sanjoy; Petrolia, Daniel R.; Herndon, Cary W., Jr..
In this study, we measure willingness to pay for E10 fuel by US consumers employing a contingent valuation technique in a simultaneous latent variable equation framework. The simultaneous equation framework helps us to understand the way consumers' perceptions about ethanol are developed and influence their respective buying behavior.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: E10 ethanol; Perceptions and economic choice; Latent variable; Random utility models; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C12; C35; D12.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6730
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Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths AgEcon
Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr; Jensen, Helen H.; Garasky, Steven B.; Cutrona, Carolyn E.; Gibbons, Frederick X..
Paper for presentation at the Northeastern Agricultural & Resource Economics Association’s Workshop on Economics and Child Nutrition Programs, AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 23, 2011.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fruit and vegetable consumption; Healthy food choices; Social interactions; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I12; J15; C35; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107086
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Distinguishing Different Industry Technologies and Localized Technical Change AgEcon
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Sauer, Johannes.
This contribution is based on the notion that different technologies are present in an industry. These different technologies result in differential “drivers” of economic performance depending on the kind of technology used by the individual firm. In a first step different technologies are empirically distinguished. Subsequently, the associated production patterns are approximated and the respective change over time is estimated. A latent class modelling approach is used to distinguish different technologies for a representative sample of E.U. dairy producers as an industry exhibiting significant structural changes and differences in production systems in the past decades. The production technology is modelled and evaluated by using the flexible functional...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Heterogenous Technologies; Transformation Function; Localized Technical Change; Production Economics; Q12; O33; C35.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91749
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A Comparative Analysis of US and Canadian Consumers' Perceptions Towards BSE Testing and the use of GM Organisms in Beef Production: Evidence from a Choice Experiment AgEcon
Steiner, Bodo E.; Yang, Jun.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/07.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Multinomial logit; Beef labeling; Livestock Production/Industries; D12; L66; C35.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9977
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TECHNOLOGIES AND LOCALIZED TECHNICAL CHANGE AgEcon
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Sauer, Johannes.
D2_3
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Heterogenous Technologies; Transformation Function; Localized Technical Change; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; O33; C35.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93963
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Measuring Service Quality: The Opinion of Europeans about Utilities AgEcon
Ferrari, P.A.; Salini, S..
This paper provides a comparative analysis of statistical methods to evaluate the consumer perception about the quality of Services of General Interest. The evaluation of the service quality perceived by users is usually based on Customer Satisfaction Survey data and an ex-post evaluation is then performed. Another approach, consisting in evaluating Consumers preferences, supplies an ex-ante information on Service Quality. Here, the ex-post approach is considered, two non-standard techniques - the Rasch Model and the Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis - are presented and the potential of both methods is discussed. These methods are applied on the Eurobarometer Survey data to assess the consumer satisfaction among European countries and in different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Service Quality; Eurobarometer; Non Linear Principal Component Analysis; Rasch Analysis; Conjoint Analysis; C33; C35; C43; L94; L95; L96.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36758
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Testing heterogeneous anchoring and shift effect in double-bounded models: The case of recreational fishing in Tasmania AgEcon
Jennings, Sarah; Rust, Steven; Yamazaki, Satoshi; Lyle, Jeremy.
This paper explores the extent and nature of anchoring and shift effects in a double-bounded contingent valuation of recreational fishing in Tasmania’s inshore saltwater fishery. In particular we model the situation where respondents, when answering the second valuation question, evaluate the bid amount partly with reference to the size of the first bid amount. The estimates of the coefficients and mean WTP for a day of fishing are compared across different contingent valuation models, including a single-bounded model, a conventional double-bounded model and models that control anchoring and exogenous shift effects in both homogeneous and heterogeneous forms. Overall we find consistent evidence of anchoring, but mixed evidence of a shift effect. Results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Anchoring bias; Shift effect; Heterogeneity; Recreational fishing; Environmental Economics and Policy; C35; Q26.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59265
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Consumers’ willingness to pay for food safety: the case of mycotoxins in milk AgEcon
Sckokai, Paolo; Moro, Daniele; Cuomo, Enrica.
European statistics show that one of the most widespread source of health risks related to food is mycotoxins. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the Italian consumers’ perception of the mycotoxins’ risk and, more specifically, their willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a hypothetical bottle of milk obtained by cows in which the feed ration contains maize certified for the ‘good practices’ that reduce such risk. For this purpose, a web-based stated choice (SC) experiment involving a representative sample of 973 Italian consumers has been carried out and WTP has been measured using the panel data version of a Random Parameters Logit (RPL) model. The results show that Italian consumers are willing to pay a rather high average price premium for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food safety; Mycotoxins; Willingness to pay; Mixed logit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C35; D12.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116411
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Why Family Farms Are Increasingly Using Wage Labour? AgEcon
Blanc, Michel; Cahuzac, Eric; Elyakime, B.; Tahar, Gabriel.
In many developed countries, the share of wage employment out of the total agricultural labour force has been increasing for the last ten years. Using data from French agricultural censuses, we present an analysis of the factors that influence households' decisions about whether to work on the family farm or to work outside, and about the use of wage labour. Studying how the effects of these factors have varied between 1988 and 2000 enables us to highlight the different mechanisms that have led to an increase in permanent wage employment during that period. In particular, we show that family labour and permanent wage labour have become nearly equivalent in 2000, whereas that was not the case in 1988.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural employees; Farms; Family labour; Labor and Human Capital; C34; C35; J22; J43.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24620
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