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Registros recuperados: 13
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The Impact of Gasoline Prices on Internet Purchases AgEcon
Martens, Andrea.
The proposition of a carbon tax has reinvigorated the discussion about the price elasticity of gasoline demand. This paper analyzes how consumers react to higher gas prices in a new setting, examining whether they choose Internet purchasing over in-store purchasing when gas prices increase. Prior studies of Internet purchases have focused mainly on local sales tax rates, traditional retail options, and prices. This is the first study to incorporate transportation costs directly, studying 155,000 households across the U.S. from 2008 through 2009. The impact of gas prices on individuals' transportation budget depends on the fuel efficiency of their vehicles, on the distance that they need to drive, and on the availability of alternate public transportation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Carbon tax; Gasoline prices; Retail; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103601
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Tipping Points and Ambiguity in the Economics of Climate Change AgEcon
Lemoine, Derek M.; Traeger, Christian P..
Replaced with revised version of paper Feb 13, 2012 available at http://purl.umn.edu/120349
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Threshold; Climate; Integrated assessment; Regime shift; Ambiguity; Uncertainty; Dynamic programming; Social cost of carbon; Tipping point; Carbon tax; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; D90; D81.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98127
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Tipping points and ambiguity in the economics of climate change AgEcon
Lemoine, Derek M.; Traeger, Christian P..
Replaces CUDARE Working Paper no. 1111, with the title; Tipping Points and Ambiguity in the Integrated Assessment of Climate Change, issued 12-26-2010
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Tipping point; Threshold; Regime shift; Ambiguity; Climate; Uncertainty; Integrated assessment; Dynamic programming; Social cost of carbon; Carbon tax; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; D90; D81.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120349
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When Can Carbon Abatement Policies Increase Welfare? The Fundamental Role of Distorted Factor Markets AgEcon
Parry, Ian W.H.; Williams, Roberton C., III; Goulder, Lawrence H..
This paper employs analytical and numerical general equilibrium models to assess the efficiency impacts of two policies to reduce U.S. carbon emissions - a revenue-neutral carbon tax and a non-auctioned carbon quota - taking into account the interactions between these policies and pre-existing tax distortions in factor markets. We show that tax interactions significantly raise the costs of both policies relative to what they would be in a first-best setting. In addition, we show that these interactions put the carbon quota at a significant efficiency disadvantage relative to the carbon tax: for example, the costs of reducing emissions by 10 percent are more than three times as high under the carbon quota as under the carbon tax. This disadvantage reflects...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Carbon tax; Carbon quota; Pre-existing taxes; Welfare effects; Environmental Economics and Policy; L51; H23; D52.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10514
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Price Floors for Emissions Trading AgEcon
Wood, Peter John; Jotzo, Frank.
Price floors in greenhouse gas emissions trading schemes can have advantages for technological innovation, price volatility, and management of cost uncertainty. Implementing the schemes, however, has pitfalls. This research report argues that requiring firms to pay an extra fee or tax is the best way to put a price floor in place. As well as providing budgetary advantages, the fee approach is more compatible with international permit trading than the alternative approaches currently dominating academic and policy debate. The fee approach can also be used for other emissions pricing schemes.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Price floor; Price ceiling; Carbon tax; Emissions trading; Carbon pricing; Price and quality controls; Waxman-Markey Bill; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94885
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Economics of Global Warming AgEcon
Gillespie, Robert.
This paper conveniently skips any controversy associated with the science of climate change. On the assumption that greenhouse gas emissions are causing climate change that is detrimental to humanity, the paper focuses on some economic dimensions of the issue which seem to be poorly understood by Australian media commentators, policy analysts, interest groups and the political parties. Using a neoclassical welfare economics framework the paper explores the costs and benefits of greenhouse gas abatement with reference to the findings of the Stern Report, the setting of greenhouse gas targets by Australian political parties, the danger of the government “picking winners” and the emerging carbon theory of value. The paper concludes with a brief review of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economics; Targets; Policy; Carbon tax; Cap and trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6006
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Level of Carbon Tax Required for Switchgrass and Miscanthus to Compete with Coal for Generating Electricity AgEcon
Aravindhakshan, Sijesh C.; Epplin, Francis M.; Taliaferro, Charles M..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Carbon tax; Miscanthus; Switchgrass; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Q10.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61133
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Funding Agricultural Carbon Offset Abatements with Carbon Tax Revenue to Reduce Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions AgEcon
Popp, Michael P.; Nalley, Lawton Lanier.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Net greenhouse gas emissions; Life cycle analysis; Carbon offset; Carbon tax; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103686
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Vietnam’s New Environmental Tax Law: What Will it Cost? Who Will Pay? AgEcon
Coxhead, Ian A.; Van Chan, Nguyen.
We examine the effects of a proposed environmental tax in a small open developing economy, using an applied general equilibrium model linked to a household survey database. The burden of the tax, applied primarily to fossil fuels, is passed forward by non-traded industries and backward by industries selling into the world market. It causes efficiency and competitiveness losses equivalent to those of a real exchange rate appreciation, and since export industries are in general highly labor-intensive, is regressive and thus poverty-increasing. The budget-neutral use of increased tax revenues to raise spending on anti-poverty programs can offset most of the losses of poor households, but does not create new jobs. The extent of overall losses and their...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Carbon tax; Environmental tax; Poverty; Labor market; General equilibrium; Vietnam; Environmental Economics and Policy; D58; H23; O53; Q52.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116704
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Carbon Abatement Costs: Why the Wide Range of Estimates? AgEcon
Fischer, Carolyn; Morgenstern, Richard D..
Estimates of marginal abatement costs for reducing carbon emissions in the United States by the major economic-energy models vary by a factor of five, undermining support for mandatory policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We use meta analysis to explain these cost differences, holding policy regimes constant and focusing on the role of baseline emissions projections and structural characteristics of the models. The results indicate that certain assumptions, like freer trade and greater disaggregation of regions and nonenergy goods, lead to lower estimates of marginal abatement costs, while more disaggregated energy goods raise them. Other choices, like myopic optimization by households or the inclusion of an international finance sector, seem less...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate models; Carbon tax; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q4; Q25; D58.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10537
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Uncertain Climate Policy and the Green Paradox AgEcon
Smulders, Sjak; Tsur, Yacov; Zemel, Amos.
Unintended consequences of announcing a climate policy well in advance of its implementation have been studied in a variety of situations. We show that a phenomenon akin to the so-called “Green- Paradox” holds also when the policy implementation date is uncertain. Governments are compelled, by international and domestic pressure, to demonstrate an intention to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Taking actual steps, such as imposing a carbon tax on fossil energy, is a different matter altogether and depends on a host of political considerations. As a result, economic agents often consider the policy implementation date to be uncertain. We show that in the interim period between the policy announcement and its actual implementation the emission of green-house...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate policy; Carbon tax; Uncertainty; Green paradox; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93129
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Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations on the U.S. Sugar Industry AgEcon
Taylor, Richard D.; Koo, Won W..
The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in U.S. sugar production and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the sugar industry if the United States regulates GHG emissions from domestic sugar processing facilities. A spatial equilibrium model is developed to optimize sugar production in the United States under a base scenario and three different levels of CO2e taxes or prices of carbon offsets. This research focuses on U.S. sugar production, both beet and cane sugar. In the model the United States is divided into 6 beet growing regions and 4 cane growing regions. The model also includes Mexico as a domestic sugar growing region as Mexico has the ability to export unlimited amount of sugar into the United States under NAFTA. A rest of the...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: GHG emissions; CO2e; Sugar; Spatial equilibrium model; Carbon tax; Cap and trade; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93027
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Carbon Abatement in the Fuel Market with Biofuels: Implications for Second-Best Policies AgEcon
Crago, Christine Lasco; Khanna, Madhu.
A carbon tax would penalize carbon intensive fuels like gasoline and shift fuel consumption to less carbon intensive alternatives like biofuels. Since biofuel production competes for land with agriculture, a carbon tax could raise land rents, divert land towards fuel production, and raise agricultural prices. This paper analyzes the welfare effect of a carbon tax on fuel with gasoline and biofuel as available fuel choices, in the presence of a labor tax and biofuel subsidy. The second-best optimal carbon tax is also quantified. Findings show that when biofuels is part of the fuel mix, the carbon tax has a commodity price effect which arises from tax-induced changes in land rent. The commodity price effect could exacerbate or attenuate the tax interaction...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Carbon tax; Optimal fuel tax; Biofuel; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q42; Q48; Q54; H23.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60894
Registros recuperados: 13
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