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Physiological Role of Ascobin on Quality and Productivity of Sunflower Plants Irrigated with Sodium Chloride Solution CIGR Journal
Dawood, Mona Gergis.
Ascobin had a promotion effect on growth and active constituents’ compounds of various plants under normal and stressed conditions. The physiological response of sunflower plant to foliar application of ascobin treatments (200,400,600 ppm) was investigated either under normal or salinity stressed conditions (5000 ppm NaCl solution) in pot experiments at the wire-house of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. Data revealed that salinity stress caused significant decreases in shoot height, leaf area chlrorophyll b, carotenoids, total photosynthetic pigments, seed yield, yield components, oil and protein content of the yielded seeds relative to control. The decrease in oil percentage was more obvious by salinity than protein percentage. Since...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus L.; Ascorbic acid; Citric acid; Seed quality; Antioxidant enzymes.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4375
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Microbial production of citric acid BABT
Vandenberghe,Luciana P. S; Soccol,Carlos R; Pandey,Ashok; Lebeault,Jean-Michel.
Citric acid is the most important organic acid produced in tonnage and is extensively used in food and pharmaceutical industries. It is produced mainly by submerged fermentation using Aspergillus niger or Candida sp. from different sources of carbohydrates, such as molasses and starch based media. However, other fermentation techniques, e.g. solid state fermentation and surface fermentation, and alternative sources of carbon such as agro-industrial residues have been intensively studied showing great perspective to its production. This paper reviews recent developments on citric acid production by presenting a brief summary of the subject, describing micro-organisms, production techniques, and substrates, etc.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Aspergillus niger; Submerged fermentation; Solid state fermentation; Substrates.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89131999000300001
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Relation between citric acid production by solid-state fermentation from cassava bagasse and respiration of Aspergillus niger LPB 21 in semi-pilot scale BABT
Prado,Flávera Camargo; Vandenberghe,Luciana Porto de Souza; Soccol,Carlos Ricardo.
The aim of this work was to study the relation between citric acid production and respiration of Aspergillus niger LPB 21 in solid-state fermentation of cassava bagasse. The experiments were carried out in horizontal drum bioreactor coupled with a gas chromatography system. Fermentation was conduced for 144 h with initial substrate moisture of 60% using heat-treated cassava bagasse as sole carbon source. The exhausted air from the bioreactor was analyzed for the monitoring of CO2 produced and O2 consumed in order to estimate the biomass biosynthesis by the fungal culture. The metabolic activity of A. niger growth was associated to citric acid production. The system using FERSOL software determined 4.372 g of biomass/g of consumed O2. Estimated and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Solid-state fermentation; Cassava bagasse; Horizontal drum bioreactor; Fungus respiration.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000400004
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Citric acid production from orange peel wastes by solid-state fermentation BJM
Torrado,Ana María; Cortés,Sandra; Salgado,José Manuel; Max,Belén; Rodríguez,Noelia; Bibbins,Belinda P; Converti,Attilio; Domínguez,José Manuel.
Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) peel was employed in this work as raw material for the production of citric acid (CA) by solid-state fermentation (SSF) of Aspergillus niger CECT-2090 (ATCC 9142, NRRL 599) in Erlenmeyer flasks. To investigate the effects of the main operating variables, the inoculum concentration was varied in the range 0.5·10³ to 0.7·10(8) spores/g dry orange peel, the bed loading from 1.0 to 4.8 g of dry orange peel (corresponding to 35-80 % of the total volume), and the moisture content between 50 and 100 % of the maximum water retention capacity (MWRC) of the material. Moreover, additional experiments were done adding methanol or water in different proportions and ways. The optimal conditions for CA production revealed to be an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Orange peel; Citric acid; Aspergillus niger; Solid-state fermentation.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000100049
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Biotechnological production of citric acid BJM
Max,Belén; Salgado,José Manuel; Rodríguez,Noelia; Cortés,Sandra; Converti,Attilio; Domínguez,José Manuel.
This work provides a review about the biotechnological production of citric acid starting from the physicochemical properties and industrial applications, mainly in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. Several factors affecting citric acid fermentation are discussed, including carbon source, nitrogen and phosphate limitations, pH of culture medium, aeration, trace elements and morphology of the fungus. Special attention is paid to the fundamentals of biochemistry and accumulation of citric acid. Technologies employed at industrial scale such as surface or submerged cultures, mainly employing Aspergillus niger, and processes carried out with Yarrowia lipolytica, as well as the technology for recovering the product are also described. Finally, this review...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Fermentation; Review; Aspergillus niger.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000400005
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Selection of 5-fluorocytosine-resistant mutants from an Aspergillus niger citric acid-producing strain BJM
Conte,Ana Paula de F.; Marin,José M..
Mutants of Aspergillus niger N402, induced by UV mutagenesis, were selected and tested for resistance or sensitivity to 5-fluorocytosine. Some mutants showed increased citric acid production, which did not correlate with the intracellular amount of protein or ammonium ion. The resistance to 5-fluorocytosine proved to be a rational approach for isolation of new mutants with improved production of citric acid. The best mutant (FR13) accumulated double the amount of citric acid produced by the parental strain.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aspergillus niger; Citric acid; 5-fluorocytosine.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822003000100001
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Effect of citric acid on the proteolytic activity of Zea mays L. Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Martinez-Pacheco,Mauro Manuel; Flores-Garcia,Alberto; Venegas-Gonzalez,Eulalio; Cepeda-Villegas,Mario Alberto.
Hybrids of Zea mays L. (Buffalo, Falcon, H360 y HV313) were treated with citric acid (2000 ppm). Grain yield, soluble protein and proteolytic activity were monitored when the crop reached physiological maturity. Citric acid was applied before the appearance of the flag leaf, and induced an increase in the grain yield from 4222 to 5780 kg/ha, in the soluble protein from 6.34 to 7.91 mg/mg and into the proteolytic activity from 14.3 to 65.7 µU mg prot-1. This is an increase of 2 to 12 times in the Falcon, H360 and HV313 hybrids, while the Buffalo hybrid responded with less intensity to the treatment with citric acid. In the H360 hybrid treated with citric acid, an increase in the proteolytic activity of aspartyl serine proteases was observed. The results...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Maize; Citric acid; Proteolytic activity.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542011000500007
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The effect of citric acid supplementation on growth performance, phosphorus absorption and retention in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a low-fishmeal diet Ciencia e Investigación Agraria
Hernández,Adrián J; Satoh,Shuichi; Kiron,Viswanath.
A.J. Hernández, S. Satoh, and V. Kiron. 2013. The effect of citric acid supplementation on growth performance, phosphorus absorption and retention in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a low-fishmeal diet. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 397-406. Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of a low-phosphorus (P) diet in combination with citric acid (CA) on rainbow trout growth performance and P utilization. In the first 12-week trial, duplicate groups of 30 fish (12.0±1.7 g) were fed one of five diets. The basal diet was formulated with low-P protein sources and 15% fishmeal (FM) without inorganic P supplementation. The test diets contained 0.5% monocalcium phosphate (MCP), 3% CA or both. A FM-based diet served as the positive control....
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Growth performance; Phosphorus utilization; Rainbow trout.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200014
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Prevention of enzymatic browning of yacon flour by the combined use of anti-browning agents and the study of its chemical composition Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
Rodrigues,Oscar Romero Lopes; Asquieri,Eduardo Ramirez; Orsi,Daniela Castilho.
Yacon roots present functional properties because of the high levels of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which are considered as prebiotic fibers. In addition, yacon roots are rich in phenolic compounds. During the processing of yacon, the freshly cut surface undergoes rapid enzymatic browning. Control of enzymatic browning during processing is very important to preserve the appearance of yacon flour. In this study, it was evaluated the combined effect of anti-browning agents (ascorbic acid, citric acid and L-cysteine) on the inhibition of enzymatic browning of yacon, using Response Surface Methodology. The yacon pre-treated with anti-browning agents in concentrations of 15.0 mM for ascorbic acid, 7.5 mM for citric acid and 10.0 mM for L-cysteine was used for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Fructooligosaccharide; Polyphenol oxidase; Ascorbic acid; Cysteine; Citric acid.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612014000200008
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Effectiveness evaluation of alternative sanitizers in microbiological quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch Var. Oso Grande) after artificial contamination by Escherichia coli Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.
BASTOS,Renan Gomes; OLIVER,Josidel Conceição; GERMANO,Jaqueline de Lima; FERNANDES,Gislene Regina; VEIGA,Sandra Maria Oliveira Morais.
Abstract Washing and sanitization are considered particularly critical steps for the microbiological quality of fruits. At this stage, it is important to select the sanitizer which must have microbiological effectiveness. In the literature, there is a great interest on alternative sanitizers for microbiological quality control of food. This study aimed at verifying the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite, ozone, ultrasound and citric acid as well as associations of ultrasound to the other techniques mentioned above in the microbiological quality control of strawberries cv. Oso Grande. In these trials, the fruits were initially subjected to artificial contamination by a strain of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and thereafter part of them was reserved as...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Sanitization; Strawberries; Citric acid; Ultrasound; Ozone.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612019000600470
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Modelos de curvas de deshidratado de plátano roatan en verde (Musa acuminata). Colegio de Postgraduados
Pérez Prado, José Adán.
El plátano es el frutal en segundo lugar en importancia económica en México, el 95% se destina al consumo nacional y el 5% restante a la exportación. No obstante, las pérdidas por manejo postcosecha justifican buscar métodos para conservarlo. El plátano presenta cambios en volumen debido al intercambio de calor y masa, por lo que decrece su superficie bajo la contracción de los tejidos por pérdida parcial de agua. En consecuencia, todos los parámetros que dependen de cambios de dimensión interna y externa, requieren del uso de modelos de simulación mediante curvas de secado que nos permitan describir dicho comportamiento en los alimentos. Por lo anterior, el presente trabajo presenta una serie de modelos de regresión (exponencial, lineal, logarítmico y...
Palavras-chave: Acido cítrico; Enzimas; Obscurecimiento; Harina; Madurez; Citric acid; Enzyme; Darkening; Flour; Ripening; Maestría Tecnológica; Agroindustria.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/331
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Influences of phenolic compounds on citric acid productivity by Aspergillus niger in stirred fermentor Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Çevrml,Bekir Stk; Karipta,Ergin; Yaar,Ahmet; Ytolu,Mustafa.
Influences of phenol, ?-naphtol and ?-naphtol, which are toxic chemicals, on citric acid biosynthesis and biomass in the artificial culture setting of Aspergillus niger using batch fermenter are examined in the most favorable fermentation conditions, and a model is proposed. Addition of certain concentrations of phenol, ?-naphtol and ?-naphtol to the culture increases the citric acid production. According to this model, maximum citric acid concentration is 48.3 g L-1 in a culture that does not contain any toxic chemicals, whereas the maximum concentrations obtained in cultures containing 25 mg L-1 phenol, 25 mg L-1 alpha-naphtol and 15 mg L-1 beta-naphtol are 62.5 g L-1, 78.1 g L-1 and 86.0 g L-1, respectively. Moreover, addition of toxic chemicals to the...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: A. niger; Citric acid; Fermenter; Toxic chemicals (phenols).
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000600008
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Oxygen and temperature effect on continuous citric acid secretion in Candida oleophila Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Anastassiadis,Savas; Rehm,Hans-Jürgen.
The influence of air saturation and temperature on continuous citric acid secretion was studied in chemostat cultures of Candida oleophila ATCC 20177 (var.). Simultaneous measurements of intra- and extracellular concentration of glucose, citric and isocitric acid confirmed the involvement of a specific active transport system in citrate secretion, favouring citric acid over isocitrate. An optimum air oxygen saturation of 20% and temperature of 30-31ºC were determined for the continuous citric acid secretion. The highest values of citric acid concentration (98 g/L), citrate to isocitrate ratio (33.3:1), volumetric citric productivity (1.8 g/(L x h)), and specific citric acid productivity (0.1 g/(g x h)), were reached at 20% air saturation at a...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Candida oleophila; Citric acid; Citric acid secretion.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000400010
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Citric acid production from glucose by yeast Candida oleophila ATCC 20177 under batch, continuous and repeated batch cultivation Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Anastassiadis,Savas; Rehm,Hans-Jürgen.
The effect of air saturation on citric acid production in batch, repeated batch and chemostat cultures has been studied. It was shown that, under continuous fermentation (chemostat mode), the highest concentration of citric acid equal of 98 g/l was produced at 20% of air saturation. In contrary to continuous fermentation, displaying an optimum at 20%, 80% air saturation yielded higher values in repeated batch fermentation process. 167 g/l citric acid were produced continuously with the fill and drain technique at 4.85 days, at 80% air saturation, compared with 157.6 g/l achieved within 5.4 days at 20%. Under repeated batch fermentation, the formation rate of the generic product (Rj) as well as the specific citric acid productivity (m p) reached a maximum...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Air saturation influence; Chemostat; Citric acid; Citric acid fermentation; Repeated batch; Oxygen influence.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582006000100005
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Valorization of raw glycerol for citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica yeast Electron. J. Biotechnol.
Rywinska,Anita; Rymowicz,Waldemar; Marcinkiewicz,Marta.
In the present report, citric acid production from raw glycerol in two fed-batch systems by acetate negative-mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica: Wratislavia 1.31 and Wratislavia AWG7 was compared. In the system, in which the total glycerol concentration was 200 g∙L-1, the substrate was added by pulsed additions, and in the other, in which the total glycerol concentration was 300 g∙L-1, the substrate was added at a constant feeding rate of 1.4 g∙h-1. Despite high citric acid concentrations (155.2 and 157.5 g∙L-1 with Y. lipolytica Wratislavia 1.31 and Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7, respectively) obtained from 300 g∙L-1 of glycerol, the yield of citric acid was similar, i.e. about 0.6 g∙g-1. The...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Citric acid; Fed-batch culture; Yarrowia lipolytica; Raw glycerol.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000400009
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THE ROLE OF COTRIC ACID AS A PHOSPHORUS MOBILIZATION MECHANISM IN HIGHLY P-FIXING SOILS Gayana Botánica
Drouillon,M.; Merckx,R..
Exudation of low molecular weight carboxylates is an important phosphorus (P) acquisition strategy for plants in strongly P-fixing soils. The effect of citrate exudation on P availability was studied in five acid soils with a large organic matter content and a low available P pool. The amount of molybdate reactive P extracted by citric acid 10 mM (0.1-2 mg kg-1) was larger than the molybdate reactive P (MRP) extracted by CaCl2 10-3 M (0.007-0.07 mg kg-1). Both extractants were adjusted to soil pH prior to extraction. Also, the total P content of citric acid extracts (2-44 mg kg-1) far exceeded the total P content of CaCl2 (0.2-1.5 mg kg-1). However, ratios of MRP to total dissolved P (TDP) remained constant. When citric acid was added to the CaCl2-extracts...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Andosols; Citric acid; Phosphorus availability.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432003000100009
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Cambios en los compuestos volátiles de un concentrado de sabor limón por la presencia de ácido cítrico OceanDocs
Pino, J. A.; Sauri-Duch, E.; Cuevas-Glory, L..
En el presente trabajo se estudiaron los cambios de los componentes volátiles de un concentrado de sabor limón para preparar bebidas de limón durante 6 meses de conservación a 40 ºC. Se identificaron 44 compuestos aislados mediante microextracción en fase sólida del espacio de cabeza en combinación con la cromatografía de gases- espectrometría de masas. El limoneno, γ-terpineno, acetato de citronelilo, acetato de nerilo y acetato de geranilo, disminuyeron su contenido significativamente, mientras que el 1,4-cineol, 1,8-cineol, p-cimeno, p-cimeneno, p-menta-1,3- dien-8-ol, α-terpineol, trans-α-bergamoteno, ar-curcumeno, (E,E)-α-farneseno y β-bisaboleno la incrementaron. El neral y geranial parecen disminuir su contenido, pero estos cambios no explican todo...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Volatile compounds; Stability; Flavourings; Concentrates; Lemons; Spoilage; Citric acid.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4893
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WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM THE ADM GLOBAL PRICE CONSPIRACIES? AgEcon
Connor, John M..
ADM was at the center of two large global price-fixing conspiracies. Buyers were overcharged $116 to $378 million in the United States. Market structure and corporate management style facilitated these cartels. The criminal prosecutions and defendants' legal strategies were both laudatory, but civil plaintiffs were short-changed. ADM has undergone severe management restructuring, but the effectiveness of apprehending global cartels with national legal enforcement is questionable.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Price fixing; Global cartel; Antitrust; Citric acid; Market structure; Structural change; Lysine; International trade; Archer Daniels Midland; Welfare analysis; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28621
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ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND: PRICE FIXER TO THE WORLD (Third Edition) AgEcon
Connor, John M..
Both market structure and corporate practices of Archer Daniels Midland fostered the implementation of the largest price-fixing conspiracies seen in modern times. The overcharges imposed on U.S. buyers of lysine and citric acid during 1994-1995 by ADM and its co-conspirators amounted to at least $250 million, and the total amount of public penalties, private damages, and legal costs exceeds $740 million. Perpetrators of price-fixing now face monetary exposures that are five times the amount of the harm caused to buyers. These events have spurred renewed attention by U.S. antitrust authorities in prosecuting international cartels.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Price fixing; Lysine; Citric acid; Sweeteners; Wet-corn milling; Starch industry; Archer Daniels Midland; Market structure; Monopoly overcharge; Antitrust law; Legal damages; U.S. Department of Justice; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28680
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ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND: PRICE FIXER TO THE WORLD AgEcon
Connor, John M..
Both market structure and corporate practices of Archer Daniels Midland fostered the implementation of the largest price- fixing conspiracies seen in modern times. These events have spurred renewed attention by U.S. antitrust authorities in prosecuting international cartels. The overcharges imposed on buyers of lysine and citric acid during 1994-1995 by ADM and its co-conspirators amounted to at least $200 million, and the total amount of public penalties, private damages, and legal costs exceeds $500 million. Perpetrators of price-fixing now face monetary exposures that are five times the amount of the harm caused to buyers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Price fixing; Lysine; Citric acid; Sweeteners; Wet-corn milling; Starch industry; Archer Daniels Midland; Market structure; Monopoly overcharge; Antitrust law; Legal damages; U.S. Department of Justice; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28653
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