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| Taris, Nicolas; Ernande, Bruno; Mccombie, Helen; Boudry, Pierre. |
| The life histories of oysters in the genus Crassostrea, like those of most marine bivalves, are typified by high fecundity and low survival in nature. Rearing conditions in hatcheries however ensure optimized density, diet, and temperature. Hatcheries are becoming increasingly important for the production of juveniles in aquaculture, and their culture practices often include culling of slow growing larvae to reduce and synchronize the time taken to reach settlement. Because previous studies have found substantial genetic variation for early life developmental traits in Crassostrea gigas, these culling practices are likely to cause highly different selective pressures in hatcheries from those in the natural environment. We studied the phenotypic and genetic... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Larvae; Hatchery; Genetic diversity; Culling; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1677.pdf |
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| Ott, Stephen L.. |
| In 1995 and 1996, prices for weaned calves were at the lowest point for the current cattle market cycle. The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Beef ,97 Study examined the effects of the down market on beef cow-calf herd management practices. Most producers did not alter management practices in response to the down market. Among producers who made changes, costs were cut largely in the area of herd health management. Specific management practices in which costs were cut included decreases in use of vaccinations (7.4% of operations), herd medications (7.7% of operations), individual cow medications (5.0% of operations), and veterinary services (14.1% of operations). Other ways that producers altered management practices in response to the down... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Vaccinations; Medications; Veterinarians; Culling; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32794 |
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| Ott, Stephen L.. |
| Due to a lack of national information about cull dairy cows, the USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy '96 Study investigated culling management practices. Operations included in the study represented 83.1 percent of U.S. milk cows. Most dairy cows were culled for reasons associated with their inability to profitably produce high-quality milk and calves; reasons for culling were not usually related to ill health or systemic disease. Results showed that almost all cull dairy cows in the US are intended for beef slaughter, as only about 4.4 percent were sent to other dairy operations. Nearly 77 percent of cows intended for beef slaughter were sent to markets, auctions, and sale barns, while 22 percent were sent straight to slaughter... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Economics; Culling; Transportation; Milk; Marketing; Disease; Slaughter condemnation; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45494 |
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| Ott, Stephen L.. |
| The National Animal Health Monitoring Systems (NAHMS) Dairy +96 Study of dairy herds in 20 states examined herd management practices that varied between high-producing (top 25%) and low-producing (bottom 25%) U.S. dairy herds. Only 100% Holstein herds were included in the study. Within four size categories (30-99 cows, 100-199 cows, 200-499 cows, 500 or more cows) herds were ranked by milk production per cow. High-producing herds were more likely to use Dairy Herd Improvement Association records or an on-farm computer system than low-producing herds. High-producing herds were also more likely to feed a total mixed ration, use forage test results in balancing feed rations, use bovine somatotropin (bST) and/or systematic prostaglandins, and vaccinate against... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Economics; Holsteins; Production; Diseases; Vaccinations; Culling; Feed; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32750 |
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| Varga, Noemi; Varallyay, Erika Bertalanne; Salamon, Lajos. |
| The political and economical changes in 1989 and 90 influenced Hungary’s agriculture greatly. The transition hit the branches of animal husbandry more than plant growing. Cattle husbandry is one of the most important branches of agriculture in Hungary. Its production is equally important both for the domestic and for export markets. Under the present market conditions Hungary will only be able to maintain its cattle stock if the profitability and competitiveness of the branch can be enhanced considering the requirements of the European Union. Therefore the hidden causes of economic losses should be revealed and solutions have to be found in order to eliminate them. It is only possible if data on the health state of the herds are available. Several factors... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Stock diseases; Culling; Calving interval period; Losses; Health Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54040 |
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