SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Glauben, Thomas; Herzfeld, Thomas; Wang, Xiaobing.

This work is devoted to the analysis of the different labor market participation regimes of Chinese farm households. Using household data over the period 1986-2000 from the province Zhejiang, we apply a multinomial logit model to empirically examine household, farm, and regional characteristics affecting the probability that farmers employ one of four alternative labor market regimes. Results suggest that labor market decisions are significantly related to several personal, farm, and village attitudes. In addition, we find the more market oriented policy reforms at the end of the 1980s stipulated that households participate in labor markets while the more anti-market reforms during the 1990s led to the opposite and encouraged autarky.

Agriculture, Income Risks and Rural Poverty Dynamics: Strategies of Smallholder Producers in Kenya

Palavras-chave: China; Labor markets; Agricultural household; Participation; Multinomial logit; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; D13; J24; J43; Q12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24516

Kuyiah, Joanne Wasswa; Obare, Gideon A.; Herrero, Mario; Waithaka, Michael M..

Poverty in Kenya has been on the increase over the last decade. It is estimated that 56% of the total population live in absolute poverty. Most of the poor reside in rural areas where agriculture is the main livelihood activity. Majority of Kenya's farmers are smallholders. They account for 75% of the total agricultural output and about 70% of marketed agricultural produce. The fate of smallholder agriculture in this country is therefore central to poverty reduction. A collapse in output and incomes from smallholder agriculture is likely to have damaging welfare effects and retard pro-poor economic growth. Smallholders often operate in a risky environment, which affects the level and variability of household resource endowments and income. The importance...

Estimation of Treatment Effect of Asthma Case Management Using Propensity Score Methods

Palavras-chave: Smallholder farms; Income risk; Rural Poverty; Linear Programming; Kenya; Farm Management; C61; D13; L23; Q18.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25596

Brandt, Sylvia J.; Gale, Sara; Tager, Ira.

Objective: To estimate the treatment effect from participating in an asthma intervention that was part of the National Asthma Control Program. Study Setting: Data on children who participated in asthma case management (N=270) and eligible children who did not participate in case management (N=2,742) were extracted from a claims database. Study Design: We created 81 measures of health care utilization and 40 measures of neighborhood characteristics that could be related to participation in the program. The participation model was selected using the cross-validation-based Deletion Substitution and Addition (DSA) algorithm. We used optimal full matching for the vector of Mahalanobis’ distances and propensity scores to estimate the difference between...

Are Household Production Decisions Cooperative? Evidence on Pastoral Migration and Milk Sales from Northern Kenya

Palavras-chave: Asthma; Treatment effect; Health intervention; Propensity scores; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I1; D13; H51; C31; C80; C81; C83.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53124

Doss, Cheryl R.; McPeak, John G..

Market-based development efforts frequently create opportunities to generate income from goods previously produced and consumed within the household. Production within the household is often characterized by a gender and age division of labor. Market development efforts to improve well being may lead to unanticipated outcomes if household production decisions are non-cooperative. We develop and test models of household decision-making to investigate intra-household decision making in a nomadic pastoral setting from Kenya. Our results suggest that household decisions are contested, with husbands using migration decisions to resist wives ability to market milk.

Smallholders' Cost Efficiency in Mozambique: Implications for Improved Maize Seed Adoption

Palavras-chave: Intrahousehold decision-making; Household production; Kenya; Consumer/Household Economics; D13; O12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28460

Zavale, Helder; Mabaya, Edward T.; Christy, Ralph D..

Maize is an important staple in Mozambique. It is also a dominant crop produced by smallholder farmers. However, the actual maize yields, currently estimated at 1.4 tons/ha, fall short of potential yields of 5-6.5 tons/ha. With population growth rate increasingly exceeding agricultural (and maize) productivity growth rate, the government of Mozambique faces a serious problem of food insecurity and poverty alleviation. This study examines cost inefficiency among smallholder maize farmers in Mozambique, and the impact of improved maize seed adoption on cost efficiency. A Translog functional form is used to estimate the frontier cost function. A cost-inefficiency function is used to examine the factors that determine cost inefficiency among farmers....

Inter-household Allocations within Extended Family: Evidence from the Indonesia Family Life Survey

Palavras-chave: Stochastic frontier; Technology adoption; Selection bias; Mozambique; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q16; D13; O33.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25648

Witoelar, Firman.

This paper uses data from two waves of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS2-1997 and IFLS3-2000) to investigate whether households that belong to the same extended families pool their income to smooth their consumption. We exploit the fact that the survey also tracks and interviews split-off households during the follow-up surveys, enabling us to construct a panel of extended families. The findings suggest that in contradiction to the null hypothesis of extended-family income pooling, household own income still matters to household consumption even after controlling for extended family resources. The result stands after correcting for potential measurement error and endogeneity of income. More importantly, the findings also suggest that although the...

EU policy reform simulation based on panel data estimation of on- and off-farm labour supply equations for Dutch dairy farmers

Palavras-chave: Consumption smoothing; Risk-sharing; Extended families; Consumer/Household Economics; D13; J12; O12.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28472

Ooms, Daan L.; Hall, Alastair R..

This research focuses on the estimation of labour supply equations for Dutch dairy farmers that are suitable for policy simulations. Data availability leads to the fact that we can not estimate structural labour supply equations. We show how to derive reduced form equations suitable for policy simulations. In this research we use the panel data sample selection estimation approach of Kyriazidou (1997) and Wooldridge (1995) to estimate the off-farm labour supply equation. The two lead to different estimation results and different simulation results based on these.

Comparing Predictors of Diet Quality in Canada Over Time Under Consideration of Altering Food Guides

Palavras-chave: Econometrics; Panel Data; Sample Selection; Labour Supply; CAP Reform; Labor and Human Capital; C23; C24; C51; C53; D13; J22; Q12; Q18.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19434

Drescher, Larissa S.; Goddard, Ellen W..

Latest data on the diet of Canadians from the Canadian Community Health Survey reveals that the diet quality of Canadians needs improvement. Within this paper predictors of diet quality in Canada are identified based on two cross-sectional data sets from the Canadian Food Expenditure Survey. To measure diet quality, the Canadian Healthy Food Diversity (CanHFD)-Index is developed which is based on Food Guide recommendations. Moreover, this paper considers that the Food Guide between survey years has changed when analyzing diet quality. To track changes in demand for diet quality we use “Canada’s Food Guide 1982” to calculate CanHFD-Index for 1984 and 1996. Changes in demand for diet quality according to “Canada’s Food Guide to Healthy Eating 1992” are...

Demand for seasonal wage labour in agriculture: what does family farming hide?

Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Healthy food diversity; Canada; Food Guides; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; D13; I12; Q18.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52091

Darpeix, Aurelie; Bignebat, Celine; Perrier-Cornet, Philippe.

Seasonal wage labour was rarely distinguished from the permanent one in farm-household models although it has sharply increased in developed countries. Therefore, we propose to endogenize the demand for this peculiar labour type and highlight the trade-offs for the various labour combinations on farms. We use data on fruit and vegetables farms drawn from the 2000 French agricultural census. We show that seasonal wage labour is a substitute for permanent wage employment, and doesn't entirely follow the seasonality of the agricultural activity: competition on the labour and product markets play a significant role in the employment of labour types.

Panel Data Evidence on the Determinants of Non-Timber Forest Products Extraction: The Case of Xate in Mexico

Palavras-chave: Agricultural household model; Wage labour; Seasonality; France; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; J43; D13; J23; Q12.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50956

Lopez-Feldman, Alejandro.

This paper examines the determinants behind households' decisions regarding non-timber forest products extraction. Data from Mexico is used to estimate a selection model. Results show that individuals with low levels of human capital are more likely to extract than other individuals; the same is true for individuals from poor households.

Impact of Risk and Time Preferences on Responses to Forest Tenure Land Reform: Empirical Evidence from Fujian, China

Palavras-chave: Non-timber forest products; Natural resource extraction; Chamaedorea; Mexico; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q21; Q56; D13.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19410

Sullivan, Karen A.; Uchida, Emi; Xu, Jintao.

This research examines the effect of risk and time preferences on forest management responses to forest tenure land reforms in Fujian, China that began in 2002. The different extent of the reform and its different timing across regions provide a natural experiment to test how time and risk preferences affect a households’ forest investment response to the reform. Empirically, we combine original field experiment data on time and risk preferences collected among 103 households with an original panel survey data set collected among the same 103 households, which contains data for three years: 2000 (before the reform), 2005 and 2008 (after the reform) in a difference-in-differences framework. We examine three measures of forest management activity, including:...

Blood for Social Status: Preliminary Evidence from Rural China

Palavras-chave: Tenure reform; Property rights; Risk preference; Time preference; Poverty; China; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q2; D8; D9; D13; J22; Q15.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61536

Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xiaobo.

Xi Chen acknowledges generous Doctoral Research Grant from the Institute for the Social Sciences at Cornell University and precious data set provided by the Development Strategy and Governance Division at IFPRI. Conference Travel Grant provided by the Department of Applied Economics and Management at Cornell is also acknowledged. We are grateful to Ravi Kanbur for invaluable comments, guidance and encouragement. This paper also benefited from helpful discussion and invaluable comments from Robert Frank, David Sahn, Marc Rockmore, and seminar participants in the Department of Economics at Cornell. Due to time limit, I have not incorporated all helpful comments and suggestions in this early draft paper. The views expressed herein and any remaining errors...

Intrahousehold Allocations: A Review of Theories, Empirical Evidence and Policy Issues

Palavras-chave: Blood Donation; Social Status; Poverty; Inequality; Relative Deprivation; Rural China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; I32; J22; D13; D63.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49411

Strauss, John; Beegle, Kathleen.

Review of the collective household model, which encompasses some game-theoretic approaches as well. Discusses empirical evidence on a variety of issues related to human resource outcomes and investments, using both the household production model and the collective model.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Security; Food policy; Intrahousehold allocation; Labor and Human Capital; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 25; D13.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54688

Economic Uncertainties in Valuing Reductions in Children's Environmental Health Risks

Hoffmann, Sandra A.; Krupnick, Alan J.; Adamowicz, Wiktor L..

The recognition that environmental hazards can affect children differently and more severely than adults has provoked growing concern in industrialized nations about the impact of environmental pollution on children's health. In this paper, commissioned by the OECD, we are charged with examining "economic uncertainties" associated with valuing the benefits of environmental policies that reduce risk to children's health. We examine two sources of uncertainty in benefits estimation: forecasting uncertainty and modeling uncertainty. We explore how these sources of uncertainty affect the use of standard economic and non-economic approaches to the valuation of health benefits. These include willingness-to-pay measures, cost-of-illness and human-capital...

Formando microempresarias: impacto de la capacitación empresarial en las instituciones de microfinanzas y sus socias

Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; QALY; Children; Social welfare function; Health valuation; Environmental health; Household behavior; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51; I18; I1; J17; D13; D6; D63; D64.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10722

Karlan, Dean S.; Valdivia, Martin.

Los debates académicos y de políticas acerca de la actividad microempresarial se centran frecuentemente en las restricciones crediticias, asumiendo que los negocios se manejan de manera óptima dadas esas y otras restricciones. Los microempresarios, sin embargo, raramente tienen capacitación formal en gestión empresarial. Por su parte, un número creciente de instituciones de microfinanzas (IMF), en el Perú y el mundo, procura construir el capital humano de estos microempresarios para mejorar sus niveles de vida, contribuyendo a su misión de reducir la pobreza. Con ayuda de un diseño experimental, en este estudio medimos el impacto marginal de agregar un componente de capacitación en gestión empresarial a un programa de servicios financieros que atiende a...

Anatomy of Stigmatized Behavior: Peer Influence and Relative Concern

Palavras-chave: Microempresarios; Microfinanzas; Pequeñas empresas; Mujeres; Capacitacion; Small enterprises; Training; Women; Peru; Financial Economics; C93; D12; D13; D21; I21; J24; O12.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91358

Chen, Xi.

This paper is based on an ongoing joint work with David Sahn and Xiaobo Zhang.

Labor Supply Decisions of Rural Low-Income Mothers

Palavras-chave: Social Stigma; Peer Influences; Relative Concern; Blood Donation; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; JEL: I32; J22; D13; D63.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103644

Mammen, Sheila; Lass, Daniel A.; Seiling, Sharon B..

Labor force participation is crucial to the economic well-being of low-income rural families. This study identified the factors that influence two decisions that low-income rural mothers make regarding their employment: labor force entry and number of hours supplied to employment. The sample consisted of 412 rural low-income mothers who participated in a multi-state study. The logistic regression model correctly predicted 80 percent of their work participation decisions. Employed rural mothers appeared to be older, better educated, and less likely to suffer from depression compared to those not working. Additionally, they were more likely to have an employed partner, a driver's license, child care assistance, and Earned Income Tax Credit from the previous...

ANALYSES OF ORGANIZATION AND MILK PRODUCTION ECONOMICS ON FARMS IN MONTENEGRO

Palavras-chave: Rural Low-income Mothers; Labor Force Participation; Women's Labor Supply; Welfare Reform; Labor and Human Capital; D13; I38; J24; R29.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7381

Cetkovic, Jasmina; Despotovic, Aleksandra; Cimbaljevic, Miroslav.

Original scientific paper

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Milk production; Organizational-economic aspects; Production volume; Economics; Profitability; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Q12; D13.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123955

El Nino, Ice Storms, and the Market for Residential Fuelwood in Eastern Canada and the Northeastern U.S.

Jagger, Pamela; White, William; Sedjo, Roger A..

Extreme weather events such as the ice storm that affected eastern Canada and the Northeastern US in January of 1998 have significant impacts on both human populations and forests. One of the questions currently facing climate scientists is whether or not better forecasting of such events would lessen the economic impacts borne by households, industry, agricultural producers and the public sector when such weather events occur. This case study examines the economic impacts of the ice storm on the residential market for fuelwood. It is hypothesized that demand for fuelwood will increase due to the failure of non-wood heating sources during the ice storm. In addition, damage to trees in the region should increase the supply of fuelwood; the net effect of...

Impact of Program Payments on Time Allocation and Farm Household Income

Palavras-chave: Fuelwood; El Nino; Ice storm; Forest management; Extreme weather event; Climate forecasting; Forest policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D1; D13; Q2; Q21; Q23; Q42.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10535