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How appropriate are myopic optimization models to predict decision behaviour: A comparison between agent-based models and business management games AgEcon
Appel, Franziska; Musshoff, Oliver.
Agent-based models (ABM) are used in many cases of policy assessment in agriculture. But the behavioural assumptions of these models consider farmers as myopic optimizing profit maximizers. In this contribution we compare the behaviour of myopic computer agents with the behaviour of students playing a multi period business management game. We aim to answer the question, how far are agent-based models valid to map “real” human behaviour, so that ABM can be used well for policy impact assessment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agent-based models; Business management games; Policy impact analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C63; C93; D22; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115994
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Economic Efficiency Adjusted for Risk Preferences AgEcon
Yeager, Elizabeth A.; Langemeier, Michael R..
This study investigates the impact of risk preferences on economic efficiency scores. Risk averse individuals may be less likely to adopt new technologies and have lower production levels than individuals with other risk preferences. Nonparametric techniques are used to estimate cost and revenue efficiency for a sample of Kansas farms. Each farm had a risk preference score and the scores in the sample ranged from 5 to 86 where a smaller value represents greater risk aversion. Efficiency estimates were first calculated using traditional input and output measures. Efficiency was re-estimated including the inverse risk preference score as a non-discretionary input. Comparisons were made between the characteristics of the farms with an observed...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Cost Efficiency; Revenue Efficiency; Risk Preference; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; C14; D22; D81.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124012
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Combined Effects of Load Factors and Booking Time on Fares: Insights from the Yield Management of a Low-Cost Airline AgEcon
Alderighi, Marco; Nicolini, Marcella; Piga, Claudio A..
Based on two strands of theoretical research, this paper provides new evidence on how fares are jointly affected by in-flight seat availability and purchasing date. As capacity-driven theories predict, it emerges that fares monotonically and substantially increase with the flights occupancy rate. Moreover, as suggested in the literature on intertemporal price discrimination, the adoption of advance purchase discounts is widespread as the departure date nears, but it may be part of a U-shaped temporal profile, where discounts are preceded by periods of relatively higher fares. Finally, the intervention of yield management analysts appears to play a substantial role.
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Pricing policy; Panel Data; Ryanair; Yield Management; Demand and Price Analysis; D22; L11; L93.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122020
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The Relevance of Information Sources on Adoption of Precision Farming Technologies by Cotton Producers AgEcon
Garcia-Jimenez, Carlos I.; Mishra, Ashok K.; Paxton, Kenneth W.; Lambert, Dayton M.; Velandia, Margarita M.; Rejesus, Roderick M.; Segarra, Eduardo.
Replaced with revised version of paper 02/16/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Strategic communication; Competitiveness; Extension; Economics of information; Technology diffusion; Technology supply; Communication methods; Knowledge management; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; D22; D80; D82; D83; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98123
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Performance of traditional cooperatives: the Portuguese Douro wine cooperatives AgEcon
Rebelo, Joao; Caldas, Jose Vaz; Matulich, Scott C..
Globalization is challenging the very core of cooperative governance and ownership decision, especially in Southern European countries, like Portugal, where a large number of producers are organized in traditional and Mediterranean-style agricultural cooperatives. This paper analyses the effects of governance and control variables related with size over two alternative indicators of performance: revenues transferred to members/patrons and capital structure. The results suggest that these cooperatives have difficulties being sustainable in the more competitive global wine markets, if they follow, essentially, a practice of maximum patronage refund, reducing their capacity to improve leverage and to finance more profitable, but risky, long run investments.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Q13; D22; L25.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99100
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On the Economic Determinants of Oil Production. Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Evidence for Small Exporting Countries AgEcon
Cologni, Alessandro; Manera, Matteo.
In this paper, decisions regarding production in oil exporting countries are studied by means of theoretical analysis and empirical investigation. Under the assumptions of exogenous oil prices and world oil demand, we are able to describe the relationship between oil production levels and changes in the conditions in world oil markets. Intertemporal production decisions by a representative oil producer are modelled by means of a partial equilibrium model. In this theoretical model, oil producers are subject to exogenous shocks in world oil demand and prices. Oil companies can change output levels only by incurring a fixed cost. Results from the simulation of this model show a strong relationship between oil production and changes in world oil consumption....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Oil Production; Exogenous Shocks; Theoretical Modelling; Time Series Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C22; D21; D22; Q41.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115725
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Does Duality Theory Hold in Practice? A Monte Carlo Analysis for U.S. Agriculture AgEcon
Rosas, Francisco; Lence, Sergio H..
The Neoclassical theory of production establishes a dual relationship between the profit value function of a competitive firm and its underlying production technology. This relationship, usually referred to as the duality theory, has been widely used in empirical work to estimate production parameters without the requirement of explicitly specifying the technology. We analyze the ability of this approach to recover the underlying production parameters and its effects on estimated elasticities and scale economies measurements, when data available for estimation features typical realistic problems. We design alternative scenarios and compute the data generating process by Monte Carlo simulations, so as to know the true technology parameters as well as to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Duality theory; Firm’s heterogeneity; Measurement error; Data aggregation; Omitted variables; Endogeneity; Uncertainty; Monte Carlo simulations.; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; D22; D81.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103911
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Explaining Variation in Farm and Farm Business Performance in Respect to Farmer Segmentation Analysis AgEcon
Wilson, Paul; Harper, Nicholas; Darling, Richard.
Results from a pilot application of Defra’s segmentation model applied to the Farm Business Survey for England are presented. Interviews with 750 FBS co-operators during 2010, using a discursive approach, classified co-operators into one of five segmentation groups: Custodians (14.0%); Lifestyle Choice (7.2%); Pragmatists (53.3%); Modern Family Business (21.1%); Challenged Enterprises (4.4%). On average, Modern Family Businesses operated the largest land area, achieved the greatest farm financial (and agricultural) output, and Farm Business Income (FBI), whilst the Lifestyle Choice segment returned the lowest average FBI. Variation in regional tendencies across the segmentation groups was observed, with variation also noted for forms of business, LFA and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Behaviour; Segmentation; Income; Output; Agriculture; Farm Management; D22; Q12; Q14; Q15; Q16; R52.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108783
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Gewinnentwicklung und Betriebsaufgabe in der Landwirtschaft: Angebotseffekte, Nachfrageeffekte und regionale Heterogenität AgEcon
Margarian, Anne.
Zusammenfassung: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht in der Bestimmung der Betriebsaufgabewahrscheinlichkeit verschiedener Betriebstypen im Westen Deutschlands in Abhängigkeit von Gewinnniveau und Gewinnentwicklung. Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Reaktion der Betriebe auch von der erwarteten Nachhaltigkeit der Gewinnschwankungen sowie von der Betroffenheit anderer Betriebe abhängt. Es wird deshalb auch erwartet, dass die Betriebe in Abhängigkeit vom regionalen Kontext unterschiedlich reagieren. Die Gewinnerwartung der Betriebe wird mithilfe des Testbetriebsnetzes des BMELV geschätzt. Die Betriebsaufgabewahrscheinlichkeit wird in einem zweiten Schritt anhand der flächendeckenden Daten der Agrarstrukturerhebung in einem logistischen Modell für...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agrarstrukturwandel; Betriebsaufgabeentscheidung; Heterogene Effekte; Nachbarschaftseffekte; Farm structural change; Farm-exit decision; Heterogeneous effects; Neighbour-hood effects; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Land Economics/Use; D22; D92; L16; L23; Q12.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102643
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Contract farming and smallholder incentives to produce high quality: experimental evidence from the Vietnamese dairy sector AgEcon
Saenger, Christoph; Qaim, Matin; Torero, Maximo; Viceisza, Angelino.
In emerging markets for high-value food products in developing countries, processing companies search for efficient ways to source raw material of consistent quality. One widely embraced approach is contract farming. But relatively little is known about the appropriate design of contracts, especially in a small farm context. We use the example of the Vietnamese dairy sector to analyze the effectiveness of existing contracts between a processor and smallholder farmers in terms of incentivizing the production of high quality milk. A framed field experiment is conducted to evaluate the impact of two incentive instruments, a price penalty for low quality and a bonus for consistent high quality milk, on farmers’ investment in quality-improving inputs....
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/rural/urban development; Institutional and behavioral economics; Demand and price analysis; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C93; D22; L14; O13; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122614
Registros recuperados: 10
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